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Mycological contributions of Rolf Singer : field itinerary, index to new taxa, 
and list of publications / Gregory M. Mueller and Qiuxin Wu, editors. 

Chicago, III. :Field Museum of Natural History,[1997] 
http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/2626 



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Botany 

NEW SERIES, NO. 38 



Mycological Contributions of Rolf Singer 
Field Itinerary, Index to New Taxa, 
and List of Publications 



Gregory M. Mueller and Qiuxin Wu, Editors 



Department of Botany 
Field Museum of Natural History 
Roosevelt Road at Lake Shore Drive 
Chicago, Illinois 60605-2496 



Accepted December 6, 1995 
Published February 28, 1997 
Publication 1482 



THE LIBRARY OF THE 



APR! 




1997 



UNIVERSITY OF /LLINOIQ 



PUBLISHED BY FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY 



wm^^*^^^ 



© 1997 Field Museum of Natural History 

ISSN 0015-0746 
rED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 



Contents 



Introduction and Acknowledgments 
Contributors 



V 



VI 



1 . Summary of Rolf Singer's Contributions to Mycology 1 

Gregory M. Mueller and Qiuxin Wu 

2. The Field Itinerary of Rolf Singer 9 

Betty A. S track and Gregory M. Mueller 

3. An Index to Genera, Species, and Infraspecific Taxa of 13 

B asidiomycete Fungi Described by Rolf Singer 

Qiuxin Wu, Gregory M. Mueller, and Clark L. Ovrebo 

4. The Publications of Rolf Singer 

Gregory M. Mueller, Qiuxin Wu, James H. Ginns, and 
Scott A. Redhead 

Index to Genera 

Index to Species 



101 



113 
115 



« • 



111 



Illustrations 



1. Rolf Singer 



new taxa 



Tables 



2 



2. Books and bound publications of Rolf Singer 3 

3. Number of publications of Rolf Singer by age 3 

4. Genera in which Singer and associates described at least 40 



3 



5. Geographic distribution of Singer's type specimens 4 

6. Herbaria with large holdings of Singer's type specimens 4 



1 . List of new genera published by Rolf Singer 5 

2. Type localities and numbers of Singer's new taxa 6 

3. Herbaria with holdings of Singer's type specimens 7 

4. Rolf Singer's fieldwork, by country and year 1 1 

5. Itinerary of Rolf Singer's fieldwork since 1941 11 



IV 



Introduction and Acknowledgments 



R 



olf Singer, 1906-1994, was one of the most influential figures in the 
history of mycology. This volume summarizes many of his con- 
tributions to the study of fungi. Chapter 1 provides information on his 
research program, and Chapter 2 presents his field itinerary. Much of this 
volume consists of an index to all of the genera, species, and infraspecific 
taxa described by Singer (2,452 specific and infraspecific epithets distrib- 
uted in 246 genera). This index includes information on the type specimen, 
place of deposition, and a literature citation for the type description. The 
index is followed by a bibliography of his 439 publications. 

The authors wish to extend their heartfelt thanks to the following people: 
Michael Huft for creating the program to convert our dBase records into 
WordPerfect files; Gail Kushino for help in searching for literature, proof- 
reading, photocopying, and other miscellaneous but essential tasks; Eliz- 
abeth Moore for keying in data and helping assemble the field itinerary; 
Martha Singer and Meinhard Moser for checking the bibliography; and the 
librarians at the Field Museum and the Gray and Farlow libraries at Har- 
vard University. We also wish to thank the three anonymous reviewers 
whose careful reading of this manuscript greatly improved its quality. 



V 



Contributors 



Gregory M. Mueller Department of Botany, Field Museum of Natural History, 

Roosevelt Road at Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605-2496 

Qiuxin Wu Department of Botany, Field Museum of Natural History, Roosevelt 

Road at Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605-2496 

Betty A. Strack Department of Botany, Field Museum of Natural History, Roose- 
velt Road at Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605-2496 



Clark L. Ovrebo Department of Botany, 

mond, Oklahoma 73034-0177 




of Central Oklahoma, Ed- 



James H. Ginns Crop Protection Program, Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research 

Centre, Research Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, 
Ontario, KIA 0C6 

Scott A. Redhead Crop Protection Program, Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Re- 
search Centre, Research Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 
Ottawa, Ontario, KIA 0C6 



VI 




■^v^* ,^ .-**.., 



Summary of Rolf Singer's Contributions to Mycology 



Gregory M. Mueller 

Qiuxin Wu 



R 



olf Singer, 1906-1994 (Fig. 1), was one of vided him with a unique perspective. He devel- 
the most influential figures in the history of oped an unequaled, worldwide knowledge of the 



mycology. This brief chapter distills the collec- 
tions of facts presented in the rest of this volume 



Agaricales, and this, coupled with his keen mind 
and sharp eye, made him uniquely qualified to 



in an attempt to synthesize the impact that Rolf influence mycology. 
Singer had on our knowledge of fungi. Two in- 
teresting works by Martha Singer, Rolf's wife and 

companion of 60 years, provide additional infor- Systematics and Nomenclature 

mation on his life (M. Singer, 1979, 1984). Sev- 



eral memorials on Rolf Singer have also been 
published (e.g., Mueller, 1994, 1995; M. Singer, 
1994). These papers provide the historical back- 
drop to the discussions presented below. 

While the bulk of Singer's papers dealt with the 
systematics of Agaricales and related taxa, he also 
profoundly influenced our knowledge of myco- 
geography, fungal ecology, and ethnomycology. 
Contributions to these four topics make up the 
vast majority of his 439 papers and books (Fig. 
2). However, he also published on other topics, 
including fossil fungi (Singer, 1957e, 1958j, 
19900, polypores (Singer, 1941a, 1943d, 1944b), 
human pathogens (Singer, 1955g, 1958q), and 
mountaineering (Singer, 1942e, f)- (Complete ci- 
tations to the papers cited here may be found in 
Chapter 4.) Singer's first five papers were pub- 
lished in 1922, when he was 16 years old. He 
continued publishing at an impressive pace for the 
next 70 years (Fig. 3). 

During his career. Singer held academic posi- 
tions on three continents and traveled extensively 



Singer is probably best known for his impact 
on the systematics and nomenclature of Agari- 
cales and related taxa. His monumental The Agar- 
icales in Modem Taxonomy (Singer, 1986a) has 
appeared in four editions and is almost universally 
used as the '^accepted*' classification of mush- 
rooms and their relatives. His monographs and re- 
visions are often the only modem treatment for 
many genera. 

Singer's role in documenting fungal biodiver- 
sity is also unequaled, and he revolutionized what 
we know about Agaricales in South and Central 
America. Seventy-four of the 230 genera 
in the fourth edition of The Agaricales in Modem 
Taxonomy, or nearly a third of the accepted gen- 
era, were proposed by Singer and his colleagues. 
He also proposed genera in families not treated in 
The Agaricales in Modern Taxonomy, bringing 
the total new genera to 82 (Table 1). Additionally, 
he published 2,452 specific and infraspecific epi- 
thets distributed in 246 genera (Fig. 4). Type lo- 
calities for these new taxa occur in 56 countries 




throughout the Americas, Europe, and parts of or possessions (Table 2). However, 85% of them 



Asia. He also made one trip to North Africa. A 
detailed itinerary of his collecting expeditions, 



were originally described from the Americas, with 
Argentina, Bohvia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mex- 



along with a listing of the countries in which he ico, and the United States together accounting for 
undertook fieldwork, appears in Chapter 2. These 75% (Fig. 5). Holotypes of these new taxa are 



travels left a lasting impression on Singer and pro- 



housed in 40 herbaria throughout the world (Table 



Singer's Contributions to Mycology 



1 




Figure 1. Rolf Singer proofreading manuscript pages of the 4th edition of The Agaricales in Modem Taxonomy 
in his office at the Field Museum of Natural History, circa 1985. (Courtesy of Field Museum of Natural History.) 



3). Most of the specimens, however, can be found 
in a relatively few herbaria (Fig. 6). Chapter 3 
consists of an index to the genera, species, and 
infraspecific taxa described by Singer This index 
includes information on the type specimen, place 
of deposition, and a literature citation for the type 
description. 

Singer also influenced the systematics com- 
munity through his work on botanical nomencla- 
ture. He attended most of the International Botan- 
ical Congresses from the 1950s on, and he was a 
long-standing member of the Nomenclature Com- 
mittee. His publications on the subject ranged from 
proposals for conservation of names (e.g., Singer, 
1946b, 196 Ij, 1967g) to major discussions of the 
implications of mle changes (e.g., 1948e, 19501, 
1960g, 1965g, 1983d, 1984e, 1986b, f, 1987d). 



were often the first, or among the first, investi- 
gations on the subject. He and his colleagues pro- 
duced ground-breaking studies on the occurrence 
and importance of mycorrhizae in various forest 
types in temperate and tropical South America 
(e.g.. Singer, 1959j, 1960k, 1963i, 1964g, 1971c, 
1983f, 1989d). His work along the Amazon and 
Rio Negro in Brazil helped document the different 
forest types in the region and the role of fiingi in 



the health and functioning of 




systems 



(1978e, 1984b, c, 1986c, 1988c). He also carried 
out one of the first detailed community analysis 
studies on mushrooms in the Americas (Singer, 
1965i). Although he published few papers dealing 

with biogeography (e.g.. Singer, 1955h, 
1967f, 1988f), he included information on bio- 
geography in many of his monographs and re- 
gional treatments. 




Ecology 



Singer's contributions to our knowledge of the 
biogeography and ecology of fungi were also ex- 
tremely significant. His publications in these areas 



Ethnomycoiogy and Mushroom 
Cultivation 




Singer^s mycolog 
hallucinogenic and edible 



interests also included 




gi. He 




an ac- 



2 



Chapter One 




Figure 2. Books and bound publications of Rolf Singer, as displayed during his 80th birthday testimonial dinner 
at the Field Museum of Natural History in 1986. (Courtesy of Field Museum of Natural History.) 



120^ 



100 



10. 

I 80 

CO 

o 

1 

Q. 

o 

E 

3 



40- 



20- 



r 103 



m~ 




41 



i 



16*2S 



26-35 



36-45 



L 



59 



T 



L^. m. 



66-75 



76-87 



Age 



Figure 3. Number of publications of Rolf Singer by 
age. Singer's first scientific publications appeared in 
1922, when he was 16 years old. This publishing effort 
peaked in his late 40s and early 50s, when he published 
103 works in a span of 10 years. In total, Singer pub- 
lished 439 scientific papers or books. 



Ru&suta 



Plutout -^1 



M/cena 



- ? 



J — 



Marasmiut ~ 



Marasmlellus 



Hydropus 



Galerlna 



CrinipellJs 



Crepidotus 



Conocybe -^[ 



Clitocybe 



II I ■ I I I l ^^W^^^ 



1 J I f M I <■ I. 



"vm 



s4 

a * J jiifca 



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297 



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■■ 


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1 


1 


1 


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50 



100 150 

Number of Taxa 



250 



300 



Figure 4. Genera in which Singer and associates de- 
scribed at least 40 new taxa. Singer and associates de- 
scribed 2,452 specific and infraspecific taxa. These were 
classified into 246 genera. He described 40 or more taxa 
in 1 1 of these genera, which account for 50% of his new 
taxa. 



Singer's Contributions to Mycology 



3 



8.7% 



11.8% 



600 



D 








Q 




Legend 

Unknown 
Africa 
Australasia 
Asia 

EufOfM 

North America 
Cantral Am erica 
South America 




64.8% 



Figure 5. Geographic distribution of Singer's type 
specimens. Type localities for Singer's new taxa occur 
in 58 countries or areas. Over 85% of these taxa were 
described from North, Central, and South America, with 
Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, 
and the United States accounting for 75%. Descriptions 
of 1.1% of the taxa do not include data on the country 
of origin. 



tive role in the identification of the hallucinogenic 
fungi used in Mexico and in subsequent physio- 
logical, ecological, and cultural studies of these 
fiingi (e.g.. Singer, 1957f, 1958h, r). Other papers 
on hallucinogenic fiingi include Singer, 1959h, 
1960J, and 1978g. He also was active in the study 
of the cultivation and utilization of edible mush- 
rooms (e.g.. Singer, 1961g, 19641, 1987a). 

A summary of his publications does not fully 
document the impact that Rolf Singer had on my- 
cology. He was an active correspondent, and he 
responded promptly to the numerous requests for 
assistance and information. Numerous mycolo- 
gists had the pleasurable and rewarding experi- 
ence of working with him in the field, and he 
facilitated the research of many mycologists, bot- 
anists, and zoologists working in the Neotropics. 

His presence in mycology will live on through 
the incredible legacy that he left for us. We hope 
that the contributions included in this volume will 

current and future mycologists tap this 
wealth of information. 




o 



597 



& 



00 









200 



100 








LIL 



BAFC INPA MiCH SGO FH 

Herbaria Housing Singei^s Types 



93 






LE 



NY 



Figure 6. Herbaria with large holdings of Singer's 
type specimens. Singer's holotypes are preserved in 40 
herbaria throughout the world. He consistently deposited 
type material in the institution where he was working. 
In some cases, parts of the holotype or paratypic mate- 
rial for South American material are also housed in F, 
FH, K, or MICH, Although Singer's holotypes are scat- 
tered throughout the world, most are concentrated in the 
herbaria shown in this figure. 



Literature Cited 



Holmgren, P. K., N. H. Holmgren, and L. C. Bamett, 
1990. Index Herbariomm. Part I: The Herbaria of the 
World, 8th ed. New York Botanical Garden, 693 pp. 

Mueller, G. M. 1994. Rolf Singer's mycological legacy. 
Mcllvainea, 11(2): 7-9. 

Mueller, G. M. 1995. Rolf Singer, 1906-1994. Mycol- 



ogia, 87: 144-147. 

Singer, M. 1979. Glancine back. 
14-25. 



Beiheft Sydowia, 8 



Singer, M. 1984. Mycologists and Other Taxa. J. Cramer, 
Braunschweig, Germany, 120 pp. 

Singer, M. 1994. In memoriam Rolf Singer. Mcllvainea, 
11(2): 4-6. 



4 



Chapter One 



Table 1 . List of new genera published by Rolf Singer. 



Genus 



Type species basionym 



Citation with page no."^ 



Amparoina 

AmyloflageUula 

Aphyllotus 

Arthrosporella 

Asterotus 

Austrogaster 

Baeospora 

Boletochaete 

Bondarzewia 

Brauniellula 

Callistodermatium 




Cantharellula 
Chaetocalathus 
Cheimonophyllum 
Coprinites 

Cyptotrama 
Cystangium 

Cystoagaricus 
Cystolepiota 




Descolea 

Diacanthodes 

Endolepiotula 

Epicnaphus 

Gerronema 

Gloeocantharellus 

Heimiomyces 

Hiatidopsis 

Hybogaster 

Hygroaster 

Hygrotrama 

Hypsizygus 

Kuehneromyces 

Lactocollybia 

Lamp te romyces 




aricus 
Leucoinocybe 
Linderomyces 
Lulesia 
Macrolepiota 
Macrometrula 
Manuripia 
Mycenella 
Mycoalvimia 
Neoclitocybe 
Neohyg ropho rus 
Neopaxillus 
Neosecotium 
Nivatogastrium 
Nothoclavulina 
Nothopanus 
Pachylepyrium 
Palaeocephala 




Pegleromyces 

Phaeogyroporus 

Phellinites 

oboletellus 
Phyllobolites 
Physocystidium 




Marasmius spinosissimus Singer 
Cyphella pulchra Berk. & Br. 
A. campanelliformis Singer 
Armillariella ditopa Singer 
Partus dealbatus Berk. 

A. marthae Singer 

Collybia myosura Fr. sensu Q\x€\. & Ricken 
Boletus spinifer Pat. & Baker 
Polyporus montanus Quel. 

B. nancyae Smith 
C violascens Singer 
Gymnopilus palmarum Murr. 
Cantharellus umbonatus Gmelin:Fr. 
Agaricus craterellus Dur. & Lev. 
Agaricus candidissimus Berk. & Curt. 

C. dominicana Poinar Jr. & Singer 

C. macrobasidium Singer 

Secotium sessile Massee & Rodway ex Rodway 
Nolanea strobilomyces Murr. 
C constricta Singer 

D. glabrescentipes Singer 

D. antarctica Singer 
Daedalea philippinensis Pat. 

E, ruizlealii Singer 
E. phalaropus Singer 
G. melanomphax Singer 
Cantharellus purpurascens Hesler 
Agaricus {Collybia) rheicolor Berk. & Curt. 
Lepiota amara Beeli 

H, giganteus Singer 

//. nodulisporus Dennis 

/f. dennisianum Singer 

Pleurotus tessulatus (BuU.iFr.) Gill. 

Pholiota mutabilis Schaeff.:Fr. 

Collybia lacrimosa Heim 

Pleurotus japonicus Kawamura 

Leucocoprinus macrorhizus Locquin 

Mycena lenta Maire 

Paxillus lateritius Petch 

Armillariella densifolia Singer in Singer & Digilio 

Lepiota procera Scop,:Fr. 

Agaricus rubriceps Cooke & Mass. 

M. bifida Singer 

Mycena {Mycenella) margaritispora Lange 

M. theobromicola Singer 

Omphalia byssiseda Bres. 

Hygrophorus angelesianus Smith & Hesler 

M echinosporus Singer 

Secotium macrosporum Lloyd 

Secotium nubigenum Harkness 

N. ditopa Singer 

Agaricus {Pleurotus) eugrammus Mont. 

Phaeomarasmius fulvidula Sing, in Sing. & Digilio 

Marasmius cymatelloides Dennis & Reid 

P, sanmartiniana Singer 

P. collybioides Singer 

Boletus braunii Bres. 

P, degiustoi Singer & Archangelsky 

P, chloephorus Singer 

Paxillus miniatus Rick 

Collybia cinnamomea Dennis 



1958a: 110 
1966a: 14 
1973d: 29 
1970a: 17 





1962a: 57 
1938a: 191, 193 
1944a: 358 
1940: 4 
1958c: 928 
1981a: 506 
1944a: 363 
1936e: 281 
1942a: 518 
1955f: 417 
1990f: 1099 

1960a: 375 
1960h: 67 

1947b: 85 
1951e: 281 
1955d: 225 
19501: 256 
1945c: 141 
1963a: 260 
1960f: 274, 279 
1951b: 599 
1945c: 140 
1942c: 127 
1967c: 364 
1964a: 13 
1955f: 370 
1958d: 221 
1947b: 77 
1946d: 504 
1951e: 177 
1947b: 79 
1948c: 35 
1943a: 144 
1947d: 157 
1970a: 16 
1946g: 141 
1948a: 264 
1960f: 273, 279 
1938e: 9 
1981a: 504 
1961b: 55 
1961b: 46 
1948a: 262 
1960e: 154 
1959g: 224 
1970a: 18 



1 944a 
1957h 
1961b 
1969a 
1981a 
1944a 
1957e 
1951e 
1942b 
1962b 



364 

321 

60 

367 

500 

360 

41 

438 

59 

410 



Singer's Contributions to Mycology 



5 



Table 1. 




Genus 



Pleurocollybia 

Pleurocybella 

Pleuroftammula 

Pie 14 rom vcen id a 

Podabrella 

Porpoloma 

Psiloboletinus 

Pyrrhoglossum 

Rajapa 

Resinomxcena 

Rhodarrhenia 

Ripartitella 

Scytinopogon 




yces 
Strobilurus 
Thaxterogaster 
Veloporphyrellus 
Weraroa 
Xanthoconium 
Xerulina 
Zelleromyces 



Type species basionym 



Collybia (Gymnopus) praemultifolia Murr. 

Pleurotus prorigens Pers.rFr. 

Crepidotus dussii Pat. 

P, ellipsoidea Singer 

Agaricus microcarpus Berk. & Br. sensu Hoehn 

P. sejunctum Singer 

Phylloporus lariceti Singer 

Agaricus {Crepidotus) pyrrhys Berk. & Curt. 

Agaricus eurhizus Berk. 

Agaricus rhododendri Peck 

Merulinus pezizoides Speg. 

Marasmius squamosidiscus Murr. 

Pterula pallescens Bres. 

Leucomyces mexicanus Murr. 

Agaricus conigenoides Ellis 

T. magellanicum Singer 

V. pantoleucus Gomez & Singer 

Secotium novaezelandiae Cunningham 

Gyroporus stramineus Murr. 

Lentinus chrysopeplus Berk. & Curt. 

Zelleromyces cinnabarina Singer & Smith 



Citation with page no. 



1947b: 80 
1947b: 81 
1946d: 521 
1973d: 27 
1945c: 143 
1952c: 197, 
1945b: 250 
1944a: 367 
1945c: 142 
1981b: 151 
1964b: 142 
1947b: 85 
1945c: 139 
1944a: 366 
1 962b: 409 
1951c: 216 
1984f: 293 
1958b: 46 
1944a: 361 
1961b: 59 



198 



1 




18 



* See Chapter 4, this volume, for complete citations. 



Table 2. Type localities and numbers of Singer's new taxa. 



Afghanistan 

Antarctica 

Argentina 

Australia 

Austria 

Belize 




Br. West Indies 

Brazil 




Canada 

Chile 

China 

Colombia 

Costa Rica 

Cuba 

Czechoslovakia 
Dominican Republ 
Ecuador 



ic 



2 
4 
544 
9 
20 
4 

206 
1 

378 
1 
5 

198 
4 

113 
66 

2 

22 

1 

82 



England 

Finland 

France 




Guadeloupe 

Guiana 

Henderson Islands 

Honduras 

India 

Indonesia 

Italy 

Japan 

Liberia 

Madagascar 




Mexico 

Netherlands 
New Guinea 
New Caledonia 



2 
10 
1 
4 
3 
2 
3 

2 
8 

3 
1 

5 

10 
1 
1 

116 
1 
3 
2 



New Zealand 
Nicaragua 
Panama 
Peru 

Philippines 

Scotland 

South Africa 

Spain 

Switzerland 

Trinidad 

Uganda 

Uruguay 

USA 

USSR 

Venezuela 

Vietnam 

Zaire 

Zimbabwe 




1 

2 

18 

12 

3 

1 

1 

27 

15 

7 

1 

3 

279 

127 

39 

2 

42 

1 

31 



6 



Chapter One 



Table 3. Herbaria with holdings of Singer's type specimens. 



BAFC 

BPI 

BR 

BUF 

DAOM 

ENCB 

F 

FH 

FRI 

Favreano 

H 
HUA 

lA 
lAA 



275 
3 
34 
1 
3 
4 

597 

113 
2 
1 
1 

2 
3 

2 



INPA 

K 

KAZ 

Kohlmeyer 
L 

LAU 
LE 

LIL 

MEDEL 

MICH 

NY 

PC 

PR 

PUN 



223 

20 

1 

1 

2 

2 

93 

567 
1 

142 

66 
1 
1 

2 



Patouilla 

R 

RPC 

Ruiz Leal 

S 

SAM 

SGO 

SP 
TENN 

UNC 

W 

WU 

Unknown! 



1 

2 
1 
3 

14 

2 

123 

I 

1 

4 

13 
141 



* When two herbaria are cited in Singer's publication, both are counted as having the type specimen. Herbarium 
abbreviations are from Index Herbariorum (Holmgren et al., 1990). 
t Most are pre- 1958, before designation of type specimen was mandatory. 



Singer's Contributions to Mycology 



7 



) 




■^^^i^^ 



'.V 









The Field Itinerary of Rolf Singer 



Betty A. Strack 
Gregory M. Mueller 



R 



olf Singer maintained an incredibly active zil, Colombia, Peru, and Uruguay, as well as in 



w 

fieldwork program, with mycological col- 
lecting trips undertaken to many areas of North, 
Central, and South America, Europe, and Japan 
throughout his career. Because of the complexity 



Mexico, the United States, and several countries 
in Europe, including Austria, the Netherlands, and 
Sweden. After moving to Chicago in 1968, Singer 
continued an intensive field schedule in South 



of his field program and because he deposited America (including Amazonian Brazil), Europe 



specimens at the herbaria where he was working, 
we felt his field itinerary would be useful to doc- 
ument when and where he collected. Table 4 lists 
the countries where Singer undertook fieldwork, 
and his field itinerary is given in Table 5. 

Until 1941 Rolf Singer collected fungi in var- 
ious parts of Europe and Asian Soviet Union. He 
began gathering mushrooms as a boy in the for- 
ests around his parents' home in the small village 
of Schliersee in southern Germany. From 1928 to 
1931 he primarily collected in Austria while he 



(especially Czechoslovakia, Austria, and Switzer- 
land), Mexico, and the United States, and he start- 
ed fieldwork in Costa Rica and Japan. Other plac- 
es where Singer collected in more recent years 
included Puerto Rico, Honduras, and Morocco. 

Table 5 lists most of Singer's fieldwork itiner- 
ary from 1941 to 1992. Data in Table 5 were ob- 
tained from his field notebooks and from label 
data of Singer collections housed at F (herbarium 
abbreviations follow Holmgren et al., 1990). In- 
formation before 1941 was either lacking or too 



was studying for his Ph.D. at the University of difficult to accurately interpret. In addition to pro- 
Vienna. He also undertook the first mycological viding a historical record. Table 5 lists the time 



expeditions to the western part of the Caucasus 
Mountains in 1928 and 1929. In 1934 he moved 
to Spain, then France, collecting fungi in both 
countries. Singer then lived in the Soviet Union 
(1935-1940), where he undertook mycological 
trips around Leningrad (St. Petersburg) and ex- 
peditions to the Caucasus and Altai Mountains, 
Siberia, and Karelia. 

Singer moved to the United States in 1941 and 
worked at the Farlow Herbarium at Harvard Uni- 
versity until 1948. In addition to collecting in the 
northeastern United States, Singer became ac- 



when he was in the field by year, to help readers 
locate the herbaria in which he deposited speci- 
mens from specific localities, and by month of 
each year, to provide information on seasonality 
of fruiting. Since Singer routinely deposited spec- 
imens in the institution of the country in which 
he was working, information on the countries 
where he collected may help researchers locate 
herbaria most likely to have Singer specimens in 
its holdings. In other cases, he deposited his col- 
lections at his home institution. For example, 
specimens from Singer's 1977 and 1978 Amazon 



quainted with subtropical fungi while carrying out expeditions in Brazil are located in Manaus, Bra- 



fieldwork in southern Florida. From 1948 to 1968 
Singer held positions in Tucuman and Buenos Ai- 



zil, at INPA, whereas many of Singer's specimens 
collected in 1974 in Czechoslovakia eire housed 



res, Argentina, and Santiago, Chile. In addition to in Chicago at F, his home institution. Holotypes 



collecting throughout Argentina and Chile, he un- 



of taxa described by Singer are preserved in 40 



dertook fieldwork during this time in Bolivia, Bra- herbaria worldwide (see Table 3, page 7). 



The Field Itinerary of Rolf Singer 



9 



Some countries (e.g., Argentina, Brazil, and the an assigned letter prefix. These letters correspond 
United States) are subdivided into smaller areas to the general areas where he collected, which in 
in Table 5 because these large countries have di- turn are related to where the collections might 
verse habitats and may have Singer collections in have been deposited. For the most part, the letters 

areas, with the most likely 




g s 




herbaria for housing those collections given in pa- 
rentheses, are: A = Asia (low numbers at W, high 



more than one herbarium. Most of his collections 
from subtropical Argentina and Brazil are depos- 
ited in LIL and BAFC, while specimens from 
temperate Argentina are primarily in BAFC. Most numbers at F); B = tropical South America (LIL, 
tropical Brazilian specimens are housed at INPA. BAFC, INPA, F); C = Europe (low numbers in 
Many of Singer's collections were made on lo- European herbaria, high numbers mostly at F); F 



cal day excursions from his then current home. 
The parts of the countries where Singer had ex- 
tended residences along with his home institutions 
are presented here. These are southem Germany 
(until 1928, and from 1931 to 1933); Vienna, 
Austria (W, 1928-1931 and 1933); Barcelona, 
Spain (BCB, 1934-1935), and Paris, France (PC, 
1935); Leningrad, USSR (LE, 1935-1940); Cam- 
bridge, Massachusetts, USA (FH, 1941-1948); 
Tucuman, Argentina (LIL, 1948-1961); Buenos 
Aires, Argentina (BAFC, 1961-1967); Santiago,. 
Chile (SCO, 1967); Manaus, Brazil (INPA, 1977- 
1979); and Chicago, USA (F, 1968-1994). Rec- 
ords of these local collecting trips, especially the 
earlier ones (e.g., Massachusetts area. United 
States, from 1941 to 1948), may not be listed in 
Table 5. 

Rolf Singer used what at first appears to be a 
complicated numbering system for his collections. 
However, if one understands the system, it is usu- 



ally 




to predict where his collections 



might be housed. He organized his collections and 
corresponding field notebooks by numbers with 



= Florida, USA (mostly at FH); M = Mexico and 
southern South America (LIL, BAFC, SCO, some 



at F); N 



North America except Rorida and 




Mexico (MICH and F); S = Buenos Aires region, 
Argentina (LIL, BAFC); and T = 
South America, Tucuman region, Argentina (LIL, 
BAFC, few at F). He used four additional small 
series of numbers: MA = Mexico (F), H = Ha- 
waii, USA (F), V = Virginia, USA (FH), and W 
= White Mountains, New Hampshire, USA (FH). 
Herbarium abbreviations are from Index Herba- 
riorum (Holmgren et al., 1990). 

Even though this itinerary remains incomplete, 
over 50 years of Rolf Singer's diverse field pro- 
gram is presented here. This compilation provides 
information on the geographic breadth of his col- 
lections and taxonomic work. 



Literature Cited 

Holmgren, R K., N. H. Holmgren, and L, C. Barnett, 
1990. Index Herbariorum. Part I: The Herbaria of the 
World, 8th ed. New York Botanical Garden, 693 pp. 



10 



Chapter Two 



Table 4. Rolf Singer's fieldwork, by country and 



year. 



Table 5. Itinerary of Rolf Singer's fieldwork since 
1941.* 



Country 


Year(s) 


Argentina 


1948 1952, 1955 1966, 1969, 




1988-1990 


Austria 


1928-1931, 1960, 1964, 1970, 




1976, 1979, 1985, 1987 


Bolivia 


1956 


Brazil 


1951, 1952, 1956, 1957, 1960, 




1961, 1964, 1966, 1977-1981, 




1983, 1985 


Canada 


1984 


Chile 


1963, 1965, 1967 


Colombia 


1960, 1968 


Costa Rica 


1981, 1983, 1984, 1986, 1989 


Czechoslovakia 


1970, 1974, 1979 


Denmark 


1964 


Ecuador 


1973 


trance 


1935?, 1970, 1971 


Germany 


Until 1928, 1931-1933, 1970, 1987 


Great Britain 


1960, 1970, 1971 


Honduras 


1991 


Iceland 


1985 


Italy 


1970 


Japan 


1983, 1984 


Mexico 


1957, 1969, 1982, 1988 


Morocco 


1992 


The Netherlands 


1960 


Norway 


1964 


Peru 


1958 


Portugal 


1961 


Puerto Rico 


1987 


Spain 


1934, 1961, 1979 


Sweden 


1964 


Switzerland 


1964, 1970, 1971, 1976, 1980, 1984 


Uruguay 


1952, 1965, 1966 


USA 


1941-1947, 1953, 1958, 1968 1976, 




1979-1992 


USSR 


1928, 1929, 1935-1940 


Yugoslavia 


1970 



Year 


Month(s) 




Country, Region 


1941 


Sept 




USA, NY 


1942 


Jul-Dec 




USA, FL 


1943 


Jan-Jul 




USA, FL 


1945 


Aug 




USA, NH 


1946 


Jul, Aug 




USA, VA 


1947 


Jun, Jul 




USA, VA 


1947 


Jul, Aug 




USA, FL 


1948 


Dec 




Argentina, subtropical 


1949 


Oct-Dec 




Argentina, subtropical 


1950 


Jan, Mar- 


-May, Jul, 


Argentina, subtropical 




Oct-Dec 




1950 


Feb 




Argentina, temperate 


1951 


Jan, Feb-May, Dec 


Argentina, subtropical 


1951 


Oct, Nov 




Brazil, non-Amazonian 


1952 


Jan, Feb, 


May 


Argentina, subtropical 


1952 


Sept 




Uruguay 


1952 


Sept 




Brazil, non-Amazonian 


1953 


Jun-Aug 




USA, MI 


1955 


Jan-Jun 




Argentina, subtropical 


1956 


Jan-Mar 




Bolivia 


1956 


Mar 




Brazil, Amazonian 


1956 


Apr-Dec 




Argentina, subtropical 


1956 


Jun 




Argentina, temperate 


1957 


Jan-Jun 




Argentina, subtropical 


1957 


Apr 




Brazil, non- Amazonian 


1957 


Jul 




Mexico 


1958 


Jan, Feb 




USA, CA 


1958 


May 




Peru 


1958 


Jun, Jul, Sept, Oct, 


Argentina, subtropical 




Dec 






1959 


Jan, Feb, 


Apr-Dec 


Argentina, subtropical 


1960 


Jan, Mar- 


■May 


Argentina, subtropical 


1960 


Feb, Apr 




Argentina, temperate 


1960 


Jul 




Brazil, Amazonian 


1960 


Jul 




Brazil, non-Amazonian 


1960 


Jul 




Colombia 


1960 


Sept, Oct 




Austria 


1960 


Oct 




Great Britain 


1960 


Oct, Dec 




1 he Netherlands 


1961 


Jan 




Spain, incl. Canary Is- 
lands 


1961 


Jan 




Portugal 


1961 


Jan 




Brazil 


1961 


Jan, Feb 




Argentina, temperate 


1961 


Feb-Jun 




Argentina, subtropical 


1961 


Oct 




Brazil, non-Amazonian 


1962 


Jan-May 




Argentina, subtropical 


1962 


Jun, Jul, Oct-Dec 


Argentina, temperate 


1963 


Jan-May, 


Jul, 


Argentina, temperate 




Sept, Nov 




1963 


Feb 




Argentina, subtropical 


1963 


Mar, Apr 




Chile 


1964 


Mar, Apr, 


Jun 


Argentina, temperate 


1964 


Apr, Dec 




Brazil, non-Amazonian 


1964 


Aug 




Sweden 


1964 


Aug 




Norway 


1964 


Aug 




Denmark 


1964 


Sept 




Switzerland 


1964 


Sept 




Austria 


1965 


Jan, Feb 




Argentina, subtropical 



The Field Itinerary of Rolf Singer 



11 



Table 5. Continued 



Table 5. Continued 



Year 


Month(s) 

Jan, Dec 


Country, Region 


Year 


Month(s) 


Country, Region 


1965 


Uruguay 


1984 


May, Jun, Aug- 


USA, IL 


1965 


May 


Chile 




Oct 




1966 


Feb 


Argentina, subtropical 


1984 


Jun 


Costa Rica 


1966 


May 


Uruguay 


1984 


Jul 


Switzerland 


1966 


Jun, Dec 


Brazil, Amazonian 


1984 


Sept 


Canada, Ontario 


1966 


Nov 


Argentina 


1984 


Oct 


Japan 


1967 


Mar-Oct 


Chile 


1985 


May 


Brazil, Amazonian 


1968 


Apr, May 


Colombia 


1985 


Jun, Jul 


USA, IL 


1968 


May-Oct, Dec 


USA, IL, WI, TN 


1985 


Aug 


Iceland 


1969 


Feb, Sept, Oct 


USA, CA, IL, MI 


1985 


Sept, Oct 


Austria 


1969 


Apr 


Argentina, temperate 


1986 


May-Oct 


USA, IL, MA, WA,OR 


1969 


Jun-Aug 


Mexico 


1986 


Jul, Aug 


Costa Rica 


1969 


Aug 


USA, CO 


1987 


Feb 


Puerto Rico 


1970 


May, Jun, Sept 


USA, IL 


1987 


Jul 


Germany 


1970 


Jul, Aug 


Austria 


1987 


Aug 


Austria 


1970 


Jul, Aug 


Switzerland 


1988 


Feb, Mar 


Argentina, temperate 


1970 


Aug 


Yugoslavia 


1988 


Jul Oct, Dec 


USA, IL 


1970 


Sept, Oct 


Czechoslovakia 


1988 


Oct 


Mexico 


1970 


Oct 


Great Britain 


1988 


Nov 


USA, WA, OR 


1970 


Nov 


Germany 


1989 


Feb, Apr 


Argentina, temperate 


1970 


Dec 


France 


1989 


Jun-Sept 


USA, IL, WI 


1970 


Dec 


Italy 


1989 


Nov 


Costa Rica 


1971 


Feb, Apr-Aug, 


Switzerland 


1990 


Jan, Feb 


Argentina, temperate 




Nov 




1990 


Dec 


USA, FL 


1971 


May, Jun, Aug 


France 


1991 


Jan, Feb, Dec 


USA, FL 


1971 


Oct 


USA, IL 


1991 


Jul 


Honduras 


1971 


Nov 


Great Britain 


1991 


Sept 


USA, IL 


1972 


Apr, Jul-Sept, Nov 


USA, IL, WI 


1992 


Jul, Aug 


USA, IL 


1973 

1 r\TO 


Apr, May 

T 1 /^ J. 


Ecuador 

T TC A TT H MT W 7T 


1992 


Dec 


Morocco 


1973 


Jul-Oct 


USA, IL, MI, WI 








1974 


May, Sept, Oct 


USA, IL 


* Some USA localities 


are not included in this itiner- 


1974 


Jun-Sept 


Czechoslovakia 


ary. 






1975 


Apr-Jul, Sept-Nov 


USA, CA, IL, MI, WI 








1976 


Apr- Jul 


Austria 








1976 


Jul-Nov 


USA, IL, IN, CO 








1976 


Aug 


Switzerland 








1977 


Apr-Dec 


Brazil, Amazonian 








1978 


Jan-Dec 


Brazil, Amazonian 








1979 


Jan 


Brazil, Amazonian 


-It 






1979 


May-Jul 


USA, CO, IL 








1979 


Jul-Nov 


Austria 








1979 


Oct 


Czechoslovakia 








1979 


Oct 


Spain 








1980 


Jan-May 


Brazil, Amazonian 








1980 


Jun-Aug 


USA, IL, WI 








1980 


Sept 


Switzerland 






4 


1981 


Jan 


USA, HI 








1981 


Apr, Jun, Aug, 
Sept, Nov 


USA, IL, CO, MI 








1981 


Jun, Jul 


Brazil, Amazonian 








1981 


Jul, Aug 


Costa Rica 








1982 


Feb, May-Oct 


USA, CA, MO, IL, MI, 
AR 








1982 


Oct, Nov 


Mexico 








1983 


Jan, May, Jul, 
Sept-Nov 


USA, CA, IL 








1983 


Mar 


Brazil, Amazonian 








1983 


Jun 


Costa Rica 








1983 


Sept 


Japan 









12 



Chapter Two 




■ ^ l-TB-'B'kT; -r-iTi 



An Index to Genera, Species, and Infraspecific Taxa 
of Basidiomycete Fungi Described by Rolf Singer 



Qiuxin Wu 

Gregory M. Mueller 

Clark L. Ovrebo 




n the following index, genus, species, variety, 
and form names published by Rolf Singer are 
listed alphabetically with literature citations and 
type specimen information. This index is intended 
to treat specimen-based taxa that Singer described 
in the literature. New genus names are included. 
New combinations, nomina nova, and supraspe- 
cific names are not listed here. Literature citations 
(i.e., year and a suffix: page number — e.g., 1969a: 



319) correspond to the 




gs in Chapter 4, 



where full citations are given. Holotype informa- 
tion, including type locality, date, collector, col- 
lection number, and herbarium of deposit, is from 
Singer's original publications. In the few cases of 
discrepancies found between Singer's publica- 
tions, we consulted his unpublished field note- 
books and appended a short note or discussion to 
the listing. Many of Singer's taxa were described 
before enforcement of certain rules by the Inter- 
national Code of Botanical Nomenclature (i.e., 1 
January 1935 for Latin diagnosis and 1 January 
1958 for typification), Taxa described after 1935 
without a Latin diagnosis are annotated with '*no 
Latin diagnosis." Some taxa described before 
1958 have data on the geographic origin of the 
type specimens but do not have a designated ho- 
lotype. These data are presented following ''Type 
information" to separate them from those having 



c 



(« 




ete holotype 




which follows 



HOLOTYPE." A question mark (?) after an her- 
barium name indicates that the herbarium is the 
possible place of deposit, based on Singer's un- 
published field notes and Singer's habit of depos- 



iting type specimens in the institution where he 
was working, even though it was not clearly stat- 
ed in his publication. Herbarium abbreviations are 
from Index Herbariorum (Holmgren et al., 1990, 
New York Botanical Garden, Bronx. 693 pp.). 



ACURTIS 

sericeus ssp. antarcticus Singer, 1959n: 587 
HOLOTYPE: AustraUa. Macquarie Island: Half 
Moon Bay, 31 January 1951, Bunt (LIL) 



AERUGINOSPORA 

hiemalis Singer & Clemengon, 1971b: 118 

HOLOTYPE: Switzerland. Vaud: Botanical Gar- 
den Lausanne, 15 February 1971, Singer C 
5251 (F) 



AGARICUS 

nebularum Singer, 1969a: 165 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Coquimbo: Fray Jorge, 16 
April 1967, Singer M 651 J (SGO) 

valdiviae Singer, 19651: 161 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Valdivia: Hueycolla, 30 
March 1963, Singer M 3237 (BAFC) 



AGROCYBE 

aegerita var. rugosovenosa Singer, 1953b: 19 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tljcumdn: Rio de los 
Sosas, 26 Febmary 1952, Singer T 1875 (LIL) 

allocystis Singer, 1969a: 225 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Buenos Aires: Sierra 
de la Ventana, 15 November 1962, Singer S 
348 (BAFC) 



Index to Genera, Species, and Infraspecific Taxa 



13 



AGROCYBE 



coprophila Singer, 1941e: 99 



Type information: USSR. Altai Mtns., Singer & 
Vasilieva i,LE?) 



fi 



HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Rio de los 
Sosas, 4 February 1955, Singer T 2130 (LIL). 
The type information for this taxon is identical 
to that of Agrocy be tucumana Singer (1973d: 
76), except for the herbarium of deposit, 
which is BAFC. 

insignis Singer, 1941b: 85 

Type information: USSR. Terskiense, Lobik 
(LE?) 

karelica Singer, 1941b: 85 

Type information: Finland. Karelia: near Kivacz, 
May 1935, Freindling (LE?) 

lazoi Singer, 1969a: 222 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Valparaiso: Vina del March, 
28 July 1966, Lazo W-77(SGO) 

microspora Singer, 1977g: 205 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Illinois: Morton Arboretum, 
16 May 1970, Singer N 2100 (F) 

paradoxa Singer, 1973d: 76 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: near Tafi del 
Valle, 29 January 1962, Singer T 3767 (BAFC) 

procera Singer, 1969a: 224 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Valparaiso: Vina del Mar, 
March 1966, Lazo VI-I (SCO) 

tucumana Singer, 1973d: 76 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Rio de los 
Sosas, 4 February 1955, Singer T 2130 
(BAFC). The type information for this species 
is identical to that of Agrocy be firma van tuc- 
umana (1959b: 398), except for the herbarium 
of deposit. 

viscosa Singer, 1969a: 223 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Santiago: Maipii, 8 Septem- 
ber 1966, Lazo RI-8 (SCO) 

xerophytica Singer, 1959b: 399 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucumdn: above San 



diemii Singer, 1954b: 120, 121 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Nahuel Hua- 
pi National Park, Quetrihue, 13 May 1952, 
Singer M 562 (LIL) 

foetens Singer, 1953b: 15 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Pie del Per- 
iquillo, 30 December 1951, Singer & Helber- 
ger T 1672 (LIL) 

humboldtii Singer, 1963b: 241 

HOLOTYPE: Colombia. Cundinamarca: above 
Pacho, Los Robedales, 26 July 1960, Singer 
B 3527 (BAFC) 

lilloi Singer in Singer & Digilio, 1951e: 245 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Sierra de 
San Javier, Ciudad Universitaria, 6 November 
1950, Grassi [Singer no,] T 1016 (LIL) [Pub- 
lished in 1952] 

nana Singer, 1941b: 85 

Type information: USSR. Kazakhstan, April 1915, 
Fedtschenko (LE?) 



AMPAROINA Singer, 1958a: 110 

Type species: Marasmius spinosissimus Singer 

heteracantha Singer, 1976j: 58 

HOLOTYPE: Colombia. Valle: Cali, Buenaven- 
tura, San Joaquin, 19 April 1968, Singer B 
6250 (F) 



AMYLOFLAGELLULA Singer, 1966a: 14 
Type species: Cyphella pulchra Berk. & Br. 



ANTHRACOPHYLLUM 

paxilloides Singer, 1955d: 227 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Pernambuco: Recife, Dois 
Irmaos, 10 April 1955, Jose de Silva & Batis- 
ta 2225 (LIL) 



Pedro de Colalao, 21 January 1955, Singer T APHYLLOTUS Singer, 1973d: 29 



2053 (LIL) 



ALNICOLA 

devia Singer, 1950a: 150 

HOLOTYPE: Areentir 



Buenos Aires: Punta 



Type species: A. campanelliformis Singer 

campaneUiformis Singer, 1973d: 29 

HOLOTYPE: Colombia. Cundina marca: Futa- 
gasuga, 11 April 1968, Singer B 6034 (F) 




Lara, 9 June 1949, Singer Sill (LIL) 

ocystis Singer, 1950a: 151 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: above Ik 
del Valle, 1 May 1949, Singer T 503 (LIL) 

lignicola Singer, 1939a: 67 



Type 



rm 



USSR. Kazakhstan: Alma 



ARCANGELIELLA 

crassa Singer & Smith, 1960h: 74 

HOLOTYPE: USA. California: Stanislaus Na- 
tional Forest, 25 July 1931, Patty sm. (NY) 



Ata, Nevodovski (LE?) 

AMANITA 

aestivalis Singer ex Singer, 1959b: 390 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan: Cheboygan Coun- 
ty, Burt Lake, 29 July 1953, Singer N 899 (F) 



ARMILLARIELLA 

affinis Singer, 1989a: 12 

HOLOTYPE: Costa Rica. Heredia: Varablanca, 
near Hacienda "Tirol", 11 June 1984, Singer 
B 14615 (F) 



14 



Chapter Three 



ARMILLARIELLA 



clavuligera Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 
70 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Santa Rosa, 
17 December 1950, Singer T 1060 (LIL) 
[Published in 1952] 

densifolia Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 
72 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Quebrada de 
Lules, 2 April 1949, Singer T 367 (LIL). [Pub- 
lished in 1952] 

ditopa Singer, 1950c: 191 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Anta Muer- 
ta, 10 April 1949, Singer & Digilio [Singer 
no.] T 403 (LIL). The type information is 
identical to that of Nothoclavulina ditopa 
Singer (1970a: 18). 

griseomellea Singer, 1969a: 40 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Valdivia: Cordillera Pelada, 
1-4 May 1967, Singer M 6574 (SCO) 

minuta Singer & Digilio, 1954b: 106, 107 

Type information: Argentina. Neuquen: Nahuel 
Huapf National Park, Quetrihue, May 1952, 
Singer M 576/ M667? (LIL) 

montagnei Singer, 1956f: 182 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Quetrihue, 

13 May 1952, Singer M 513 (LIL) 

montagnei var. umbrinobrunnea Singer, 1956f: 
183 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Quetrihue, 

14 May 1952, Singer M 596 (LIL) 

puiggarii ssp. tigrensis Singer, 1970a: 8 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Buenos Aires: Punta 
Lara, 1 June 1949, Singer S 58 (LIL) 

saviczii Singer, 1938e: 6 

Type information: USSR. Savicz (LE?) 

sparrei Singer, 1956f: 183 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Juan Fernandez Island: 
Masa Tierra, Quebrado Piedra Agujereada, 1 2 
March 1955, Sparre F 33 (R, LIL) 

sparrei var. elaeodes Singer, 1969a: 45 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Puerto Man- 
zano, 18 May 1952, Singer M 741 (LIL) 

sparrei var. xantha Singer, 1969a: 45 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan: Hell, 23 Septem- 
ber 1957, Singer M 1620 (MICH) 

viridiflava Singer, 1989a: 12 

HOLOTYPE: Spain. Catalonia: Mountains near 
Tossa, 24 October 1979, Singer C 9601 (F) 

yungensis Singer, 1970a: 12 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, Car- 
men Pampa, 19 February 1956, Singer B 1268 
(LIL) 



ARTHROSPORELLA Singer, 1970a: 17 



ASTEROTUS Singer, 1943c: 161 

Type species: Panus dealbatus Berk. 

argentinus Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 
107 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Rio de los 
Sosas, 27 January 1951, Singer T 1136 (LIL). 
[Published in 1952]. 

graminum Singer, 1969a: 57 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Cerro Colo- 
rado, 9-10 March 1959, Singer M 1733 
(BAFC) 



AUSTROBOLETUS 



graciliaffinis Singer, 1989a: 126 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: Road Manaus- 
Caracarai, km 45, 31 March 1980, Webber 
[Singer no.] B 12088 (INPA) 

neotropicalis Singer, Garcia & Gomez, 1991a: 
53, 88 

HOLOTYPE: Costa Rica. Guanacaste: Bagaces, 
7 km NW of town, October 1982, Gomez 
18708 (F) 

olivaceus Singer, 1983f: 132 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: Road Manaus- 
Caracaraf, km 125, 20 July 1978, Singer & 
Araujo [Singer no.] B 11323 (INPA) 



AUSTROGASTER Singer, 1962a: 57 

Type species: Austrogaster marthae Singer 
baeospermum Singer, 1969a: 360 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Rio Negro: Cerro Otto, 
February 1934, Burkart 4400 (BAFC) 

marthae Singer, 1962a: 57 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Nahuel Hua- 
pf National Park, February, Singer M 3040 
(LIL) 



BAEOSPORA Singer, 1938a: 191, 193 

Type species: Colly bia myosura Fr. sensu 
& Ricken 




mundula Singer, 1989a: 90 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: Igarape do Tar- 
umazinho, 14 May 1980, Singer B 12168 
(INPA) 

oligophylla Singer, 1938a: 194 

Type information: USSR. Altai Mtns.: Czuiskie 
Alpy, August 1937, Singer & Vasilieva (LE?) 

pallida Singer, 1978h: 40 



HOLOTYPE: 





Shushufindi, 15 




species: Armillariella ditopa Singer 



May 1973, Singer B 7451 (F) 



Index to Genera, Species, and Infraspecific Taxa 



15 



BOLBITIUS 



BOLBITIUS 

exiguus Singer, 19361: 433 

Type information: Spain. Catalonia: Pyrenees 
Mtns., July 1934. 

mesosporus Singer, 1977g: 219 

HOLOTYPE: Ecuador. Tungurahua: Banos, 27 
April 1973, Singer B 7148 (F) 

tucumanensis Singer, 1959b: 398 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina, Tucuman: Quebrada de 
la Higuera, 25 January 1955, Singer T 2081 
(LIL). Also published in Singer, 1961b: 69. 



BOLETELLUS 

ananas van crassotunicatus Singer, 1983f: 152 
HOLOTYPE: Nicaragua, Slilma Sia, May 1976, 
Ivory S/23 (F) 

ananas var. minor Singer, 1983f: 153 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: Road Manaus- 
Caracarai, km 115, 4 April 1978, Singer B 
10913 (INPA) 

coccineus var. amarus Singer, 1992a: 8 

HOLOTYPE: Costa Rica. Guanacaste: Bagaces, 
7 km NW of town, Gomez & Alfaro 22101 
(F) 

fibuliger Singer, 1983f: 154 

HOLOTYPE: Venezuela. Dto Federal: Parque 
Nacional El Avila, 27 July 1972, Dumont, 
Cain & Samuels [Dumont no.] VE-6201 (NY) 

ivoryi Singer, 1983f: 163 

HOLOTYPE: Belize. Augustine: Forest Station, 
18 June 1976, Ivory S/125 (F) 

linderi Singer, 1945a: 134 

Type information: Liberia, Miamu, hinder 408 
(FH) 

pictiformis war. fallax Singer, 1945a: 132 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Florida: Alachua County, 
Kelley's Hanmiock, 14 July 1943, Singer F 
2716 (FH) 



BOLETINUS 

asiaticus Singer, 1938d: 164 

Type information: USSR. (LE?) 

oxydabilis Singer, 1938d: 160 

Type information: USSR. Altai Mtns.: Lake Te 
lezkoje, September 1937, Singer (LE?) 



BOLETOCHAETE Singer, 1944a: 358 

Type species: Boletus spinifer Pat. & Baker 
brunneosetosa Singer, 1944a: 359 



information 
(FH?) 



April, Har- 



BOLETUS 

austrinus Singer, 1945i: 798 

Type information: USA. Florida: Miami. 



chilensis Singer, 1967b: 69 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Valdivia, 27 April 1967, R, 
& A/. Singer & Hernandez [Singer no,] 6933 

(SAM) 

frostii ssp. floridanus Singer, 1945i: 799 

Type information: USA. Florida: Sebring. 

fuligineotomentosus Singer, 1973d: 101 

HOLOTYPE: Colombia. Valle: Rio Pance, 3 
May 1968, Singer B 6958 (F) 

granulosiceps Singer, 1945i: 798 

Type information: USA. Florida: Miami. 

griseus ssp. pinicaribaeae Singer, 1945i: 797 
Type information: USA. Florida: Coral Gables. 

guadelupae Singer & Fiard, 19761: 445 

HOLOTYPE: Guadeloupe. Matouba, 31 July 
1975, Fiard s, n, (F) 

heterodermus Singer, 1989a: 124 

HOLOTYPE: Costa Rica. Puntarenas: Rio Bam, 
August 1983, Gomez 21548 (F) 

hypocarycinus Singer, 19451: 798 

Type information: USA. Florida: Alachua Coun- 
ty, Gainesville. 

michoacanus Singer, 1977g: 256 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Michoac^: Parque Na- 
cional near Mirador, 9 August 1969, Singer M 
8998/11 (F) 

patouillardii Singer, 1947a: 55 

HOLOTYPE: Cambodia, Reserve Forestiere de 
Campong Chhuong, July, Petelot 222 (FH) 

rubellus ssp. bicoloroides Singer, 19451: 798 

Type information: USA. Florida: Alachua Coun- 
ty. 
rubellus ssp. caribaeus f. serotinus Singer, 

1947a: 53 

Type information: USA. Florida: Dade County. 
rubellus ssp. caribaeus Singer, 19451: 798 

Type information: USA. Florida: Miami. 

rubellus ssp. consobrinus Singer, 19451: 798 
Type information: USA. Florida: Miami. 

rubellus ssp. dumetorum f. crassotunicatus 

Singer, 1947a: 51 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Florida: Dade County, Ma- 
theson Hammock, 8 October 1942, Singer F 
976 (FH) 

rubellus ssp. dumetorum Singer, 19451: 798 
Type information: USA. Florida: Miami. 

rubellus ^sp. fraternus f. subdumetorum Singer, 

1947a: 49 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Florida: Highlands County, 
Highlands Hammock State Park, 8 September 
1942, Singer F 648a (FH) 

rubricitrinus var. fairchildianus Singer, 19451: 
798 

Type information: USA. Florida: Miami. 
splendidus ssp. moseri Singer & Kuthan, 
1976h: 151 

HOLOTYPE: Czechoslovakia. Slovakia: Rako- 
va, near Cadca, 31 August 1975, 7. Kuthan 
75/S 141 (F) 



16 



Chapter Three 



BOLETUS 



subsolitarius Singer, 19451: 798 

Type information: USA. Florida: Miami. 

subvelutipes f. glabripes Singer, 1947a: 70 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Florida: Alachua County, 
Gainesville, 30 May 1943, Singer F 2169 

(FH) 

weberi Singer, 19451: 797 

Type information: USA. Florida: Alachua Coun- 
ty, Gainesville. 



BONDARZEWIA Singer, 1940: 4 
Type species: Polyporus montanus Quel. 



pemiciosa Singer, 1953c: 884 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. 



en: Quetrihue, 



luteofuscum Singer, 1953d: 115 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Rio Grande do Sul: Sao 
Leopoldo, 31 October 1951, Singer B 27 
(LIL) 

luteofuscum var. maior Singer, 1969a: 53 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Valparaiso: Vina del Mar, 
16 July 1966, Lazo VI-S (SGO) 

psilocybe Murrill & Singer, 1944a: 363 

Type information: USA. Florida: Jumper Springs, 
October, Murrill (FH?) 

terrigenum Singer, 1950c: 192 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. l\icuman: between San 
Pablo and Parque Aconquija, 2 April 1949, 
Singer (LIL) 



May 1952, Singer M 608 (LIL) 



CALOCYBE 



BRAUNIELLULA Smith & Singer, 1958c: 928 

Type species: Brauniellula nancyae Smith 
leucosarx Smith & Singer, 1958c: 928 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Idaho, Payette National For- 
est, 31 July 1958, Smith 59316 (MICH?) 



CALATHINUS 



substriatulus Singer, 1943a: 156 

Type information: USSR. Altai Mtns. (Kurai), 
August. 



CALLISTODERMATIUM Singer, 1981a: 506 

Type species: Callistodermatium violascens Singer 
violascens Singer, 1981a: 506 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: 30 km N of 
Manaus, 3 June 1977, Singer B 9926 (F) 



CALLISTOSPORIUM Singer, 1944a: 363 

Type species: Gymnopilus palmarum Murr. 
amazonicum Singer, 1977g: 263 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Rio Grande do Sul: Gua- 
pore, near Guajara mirim, 10 March 1956, 
Singer (B AFC) 

chrysophorum Singer, 1961b: 51 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Florida: Alachua County, 8 
June 1943, Singer F 2227 (F) 

favrei Singer, 1977g: 262 

HOLOTYPE: Switzerland. Vaud Bois de Chene: 
Chene pn, Nyon, 18 October 1942, Favreano 
(Favreano) 

ides Singer, 1948c: 29 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Florida: Alachua County, 
Sugarfoot Hammock, 5 July 1943, Singer F 
2598 (FH) 



africana Singer, 1977g: 268 

HOLOTYPE: Zaire. Panzi Kivu, Goossens-Fon- 
tana 5334 (BR) 

alneti Singer, 1977g: 267 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Jujuy: Lagunas de 
Yala, 14 February 1966, Singer (F) 

atropapillata Singer, 1977g: 269 

HOLOTYPE: Ecuador. Napo: Lago Agrio, 8 
May 1973, Singer B 7284 (F) 

bipigmentata Singer, 1977g: 267 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Pernambuco: Dois Irmaos, 
13 July 1 960, 5m^er (F) 

caucasica Singer, 1961b: 47 

Type information: USSR. Caucasus: Krasnodar 
Yatyrgrarta, 29 July 1935, Vassilieva (LE, 
KAZ) 

coniceps Singer, 1977g: 268 

HOLOTYPE: Venezuela. Dto Federal: Parque 
Nacional El Avila, 27 July 1972, Dumont and 
others VE 6205 (NY) 

cyanea Singer ex Redhead & Singer, 
501 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Sta Catharina: Porto Novo, 
1928, Rick s. n. (FH). Basionym: Calocybe 
cyanea Singer, 1946g: 126 (nom. invalid). 

cyanella Singer ex Redhead & Singer, 1978c: 
501 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Florida: Dade County, near 
Miami, at Matheson Hammock, Singer F 734 
(FH). Basionym: Calocybe cyanella Singer, 
1946g: 124 (nom. invalid). 

fibrillosa Singer, 1950c: 192 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Tafi del Val- 
le, Parque Aconquija, 8 May 1949, Singer T 
546 (LIL) 

heterospora Singer, 1961b: 46 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Florida, Dade County, Ma- 
theson Hammock, 9 November 1942, Singer 
F 1452c (FH) 




Index to Genera, Species, and Infraspeclfic Taxa 



17 



CALOCYBE 



rubra Rick in Singer ex Redhead & Singer, 
1978c: 501 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil, 1928, Rick 585 (FH). Bas- 
ionym: Calocybe rubra Rick in Singer, 1948. 
Pap. Mich. Acad. Sci. Arts & Lett. 32: 126 
(nom. invalid) 



CALYPTELLA 

bonairensis Singer, 1973d: 27 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Buenos Aires: La Pla- 
ta, 20 June 1962, Singer S 206 (BAFC) 

epibrya Singer, 1973d: 25 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Sierra de 
San Javier, 14 May 1961, Singer T 3743 (LIL) 

flava Singer, 1977g: 270 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Jujuy: Lagunas de 
Yala, 9 February 1965, Singer (F) 

pteridophytorum Singer, 1973d: 26 

HOLOTYPE: Colombia, Valle: Dagua, 27 April 
1968, Singer B 6413 (F) 



CAMAROPHYLLUS 

adonis Singer, 1952c: 172 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tierra del Fuego: Rio 
Grande, Estancia Nueva Argentina, Lago Fag- 
nano, 18 February 1950, Singer M 351 (LIL) 

grinlingii Singer, 1973d: 2 

HOLOTYPE: Zaire. Brazza\ille: Rte. de Linzo- 
lo, no date, Grinling 71106 (RPC). Isotype: E 

hieronymi Singer, 1977g: 277 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. Nor-Yungas: La Paz, San 
Geronino, 7 February 1956, Singer B 968 (F) 

laccarioides Singer, 1952c: 170 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tierra del Fuego: Rio 
Grande, Estancia Nueva Argentina, 16 Feb- 
ruary 1950, Singer M 300 (LIL) 

paraiboensis Singer, 1977g: 278 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Parafba: near Joao Pessoa, 
11 July 1960, Singer B 3334 (BAFC) 

patagonicus Singer, 1969a: 9 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Llanquihue: Puerto Mont y 
San Augustin, 8 May 1967, Singer M 6790 
(SGO) 



alnetorum Singer, 1975c: 866 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Jujuy: Lagunas de 
Yala, 14 February 1966, Singer T 5140a (F) 

austrochilensis Singer, 1969a: 86 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Llanquihue: Puella, 20 
March 1959, Singer M 1948 (LIL) 

Candida van stipitata Singer, 1955a: 765 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Catamarca, Santa 
Rosa, Vallis Rio Campo, 18 January 1954 
(LIL) 

castaneipes Singer, 1975c: 856 

HOLOTYPE: Colombia. Boyaca: between Ra- 
miriqui and Rondon, 30 July 1960, Singer B 
3632 (F) 

dendrophora Singer, 1955a: 763 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Puerto Man- 
zano, 18 May 1952, Singer M 746 (LIL) 

diplocystis Singer, 1975c: 868 

HOLOTYPE: Peru. Cuzco: Urubamba, Machu 
Picchu, 20 May 1958, Singer B 3025 (LIL) 

elongatispora Singer, 1975c: 851 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Jujuy: Lagunas de 
Yala, 11 February 1965, Singer T 4024 (F) 



fl^ 



HOLOTYPE: USA. Florida: Newnan's Lake, 31 
July 1947, Singer F 3428 (FH) 

gigantospora Singer, 1975c: 874 

HOLOTYPE: Australia. New South Wales: be- 
tween Major's Crk. & Araluen, March 1970, 
McVean s. /i. (F) 

peullensis Singer, 1969a: 85 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Llanquihue: Puella, 20 
March 1959, Singer M 1894 (LIL) 

podocarpi Singer, 1975c: 864 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Jujuy: 15 km NE of 
Posta de Lozano, 20 February 1966, Singer T 
5307 (F) 

tenuitunicata Singer, 1955a: 764 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Catamarca: Santa 
Rosa, Suncho, Vallis Rio Campo, 18 January 
1952, 5mg^r 7 7750 (LIL) 

witteana Singer, 1975c: 876 

HOLOTYPE: Zaire. Pare National Albert, 17 
June 1953, Fredericq 9440 (BR) 



CAMPANELLA 

aberrans Singer, 1975c: 855 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, Co- 
roico, 12 February 1956, Singer B 1116 (LIL) 

aequatorialis Singer, 1975b: 240 

HOLOTYPE: Ecuador Tungurahua: Rfo Verde, 
26 April 1973, Singer B 7128 (F). Also pub- 
lished in Singer, 1975c: 869. 

aeruginea Singer, 1975c: 854 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: S. M. Tu- 



CANTHARELLULA Singer, 1936e: 281 

Type species: Cantharellus umbonatus Gmelin 
infundibuliformis Singer, 1969a: 64 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Rio Negro: Laguna 
Fnas, 3 May 1964, Singer M 3861 (BAFC) 



CHAETOCALATHUS Singer, 
[Published in 1943]. 




: 518 



cuman, 22 January 1955, Singer T 2078 (LIL) 



Type species: Agaricus crate re 1 1 us Dur. & Lev 



18 



Chapter Three 



CHAETOCALATHUS 



aurantiacus Singer, 1976a: 57 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. Pando: Manuripi, Con- 
quista, 25 March 1956, Singer B 2201 (F) 

camelioruber Singer, 1942a: 526 

Type information: Guiana. Bartica, 9 December 
1923, Under (FH), [Published in 1943], 

eurysporus Singer, 1978f: 195 

HOLOTYPE: Panama. Panama: near "Altos de 
Pacora", 30 June 1975, Dumont, Carperter & 
Mori [Dumont no,] P 1540 (NY). Also see 
1989a: 67. 

pachytrichus Singer, 1942a: 522 

HOLOTYPE: Phillippine Islands. Laguna: Mt. 
Makiling, July 1916, Baker 4356 (FH). [Pub- 
lished in 1943]. 



CLAVARIA 



CHAETOTYPHULA 

amylochaete Singer, 1978h: 1 

HOLOTYPE: Ecuador. Zamora, 21 km from Za- 

on the Zamora-Zanxaza Rd., 31 July 



albidobisa Singer, 1969a: 390 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Concepcion: Boca del Bio- 
Bio, 11 November 1967, Singer M 7814 
(SCO) 

alliodora Bond & Singer, 1936j: 724 

No type information given. 

floridana Singer, 1945d: 425 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Florida: Dade County, 17 
September 1942, Singer F 733 (FH) 

leucoporphyria Singer, 1947c: 205 

Type information: Spain. Catalonia: Riu de Sant 
Maurici, July 1934, Singer, 

wettsteinii Singer, 1931: 515 

Type information: USSR. Caucasus. 

xanthoporphyria Singer, 1947c: 205 

Type information: Spain. Catalonia: Riu de Sant 
Maurici, July 1934, Singer, 



mora 



1975, Dumont EC 1784 (NY) 

Columbiana Singer, 1978h: 2 

HOLOTYPE: Colombia. Antioquia: Medellin, 
20 July 1974, Dumont and others CO 1744 
(NY or F?) 

montana Singer, 1978h: 3 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Jujuy: Lagunas de 
Yala, 9 February 1965, Singer T 3920 (BAFC) 



CLAVULINA 



angustisperma Singer, 1969a: 387 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Rio Negro: Nahuel 
Huapi National Park near Santa Maria, 19 
April 1965, Singer M 5061 (BAFC) 



CLITOCYBE 



CHAMAEMYCES 

paraensis Singer, 1989a: 100 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Para: Belem, 7 June 1966, 
Singer B 4243 (BAFC) 



CHAMONIXIA 

brevicolumna Smith & Singer, 1959f: 219 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Idaho, Payette National For- 
est, 26 August 1958, Smith 60519 (MICH) 



CHEIMONOPHYLLUM Singer, 1955f: 417 



Type species: Agaricus 
Curt. 




Berk. & 



CHLOROPHYLLUM 

molybdites var. luteolosperma Singer, 1946g: 
139 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Florida: Alachua County, 
Gainesville, 16 May 1943, Singer F 1953a 
(FH). [Published in 1948]. 



CHROOGOMPHUS 

rutilus ssp. michoacanensis Singer & Kuthan, 
1976e: 85 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Michoacan: San Jose de 
PunSa, 8 August 1969, Singer M 8986 (F) 




aberrantissima Singer, 1953d: 118 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Rfo Grande do Sul: Pareci, 
2 November 1951, Singer B 52 (LIL) 

acicola Singer ex Singer, 1990b: 6 

HOLOTYPE: USSR. Kurai: Altai Mtns,, 15 Au- 
gust 1938, Singer A 103 (LE) 

aconquijensis Singer in Singer & Digilio, 
1951e: 38 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Tafi del Val- 
le, Parque Aconquija, 30 March 1951, Singer 
T 1461 (LIL). [Published in 

aprilis Singer in Singer & Digilio, 1951e: 27 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Tafi del Val- 
le, Parque Aconquija, 14 April 1951, Singer 
T 1478 (LIL). [Published in 1952]. 

asema Singer, 1973d: 11 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: near Aguad- 
ita, 25 February 1951, Singer T 1328 (LIL) 

augustinensis Singer, 1955a: 766 

HOLOTYPE: Trinidad. St. Augustine, 9 Febru- 
ary 1950, Wilson [Dennis no.] 481 (K) 

bresadoliano-affinis Singer, 1943a: 35 

Type information: USSR. Altai Mtns. 

brevibasidiata Singer, 1943a: 45 

Type information: USSR. Altai Krai: Artubash, 
aimak Turoczak. Published as Clitocybe (Om- 
phalind) brevibasidiata. 



Index to Genera, Species, and Infraspecific Taxa 



19 



CLITOCYBE 



catalaunica Singer, 1943a: 30 

Type information: Spain. Catalonia: Vail d*Aran, 
Salardii. September 1934. Also published in 
Singer, 1947c: 242. 

caucasica Singer, 1978f: 230 

HOLOTYPE: USSR. Swanetia: Central Cauca- 
sus, 20 August 1928, Singer (W) 

coluiana Singer, 1973d: 11 

HOLOTYPE: Colombia. Cauca: Gabriel L6pez, 
San Pedro, 5 May 1967, Singer B 6967 (F) 

cystidiosa Singer, 1967c: 356 

HOLOTYPE: Zaire. Brazzaville: 'Route de Li- 
foula', November 1965, Grinling 51 J 10 
(BAFC) 

duckeana Singer, 1989a: 8 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: 30 km N of 
Manaus, 12 July 1978, Singer (INPA). No col- 
lection number given. 

espinosae Singer, 1969a: 33 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Santiago: Quebrada Diego, 
6 July 1967, Singer M 7109 (SCO) 

exilis Singer, 1989a: 9 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: 30 km N of 
Manaus, 6 April 1977, Singer B 9618 (INPA) 

fimbriata Singer, 1978f: 231 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. El Beni: Vaca Diez, Or- 
iente, 16 March 1956, Singer B 2008 (LIL, 
BAFC) 

hyacinthina Singer, 1943a: 46 

Type information: USSR. Oirotia: Aimak Czoia. 
Published as Clitocybe (Omphalina) hyacin- 
thina, 

kabulensis Singer, 1955a: 766 

HOLOTYPE: Afghanistan. Tangi gharu: near 
Kabul, 12 March 1950, Gilli LXXXVl (W) 

laricicola Singer, 1943a: 28 

Type information: USSR. Altai Mtns. 

Ugnicola Singer, 1973d: 12 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. El Beni: Vaca Diez, 12 
March 1956, Singer B 1900 (LIL) 

melliolens Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 



obscuratipes Singer, 1969a: 32 



HOLOTYPE 



34 



Ar 



[Pub 



lished in 1952]. 

monticola Singer, 1943a: 30 

Type information: Spain. Catalonia: Pyrenees 
Mtns., Aiguamoix, July, 1943. Also published 
in Singer, 1947c: 221. 

montivaga Singer, 1978f: 232 

HOLOTYPE: Ecuador, Tungurahua: Bafios, 1 
May 1973, Singer B 7234 (F) 

nothofageti Singer, 1954b: 103 



HOLOTYPE: Ar 



above Puerto 



(BAFC) 



oligophylla Singer in Singer & Digilio, 1951e: 



640 



(LIL) 



40 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Cerro Alto 
del Taficillo, 4 March 1951, Singer T 1381 
(LIL). [Published in 1952]. 

pleurotus Singer, 1952c: 182 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tlerra del Fuego: Rio 
Grande, Estancia Nueva Argentina, 10 Feb- 
ruary 1950, Singer M 175 (LIL) 

polylepidicola Singer, 1989a: 9 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Jujuy: Lagunas de 
Yala, 10 February 1965, Singer T 4025 
(BAFC) 

praeandina Singer, 1955c: 147 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Sierra de 
San Javier, 1955, Singer T 2215 (LIL) 

scandens Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 36 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Sierra de 
San Javier, Anta Muerta, 24 April 1949, Sing- 
er, Digilio & Grassi [Singer no.] T490 (LIL). 
[Published in 1952]. 

spodoxutha Singer, 1953b: 3 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: near Tapia, 
6 January 1952, Singer T 1708 (LIL) 

steppicola Singer, 1943a: 33 

Type information: USSR. Oirotia: aimak Kosch- 
agatsch, August. 

subhy grophana Singer, 1943a: 27 

Type information: USSR. Altai Mtns. 

subhy grophanoides Singer, 1952c: 181 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tierra del Fuego: Rio 
Grande, Estancia Nueva Argentina, 13 Feb- 
ruary 1950, Singer M 245 (LIL) 

subleptoloma Singer, 1952c: 179 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tierra del Fuego: Rio 
Grande, Estancia Nueva Argentina, 10 Feb- 
ruary 1950, Singer M 169 (LIL) 

subsquamulosa Singer, 1943a: 35 

Type information: USSR. Altai Mtns., July-Au- 
gust. 

subulifera Singer, 1955a: 767 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucumdn: De *Tapia" 
vs. mer., 17 February 1951, Singer T 1220 
(LIL) 

tournefortiae Singer, 1989b: 794 

HOLOTYPE: Henderson Islands. (South Pacif- 
ic), Northwest Beach, Schuster 00007 (F) 

tungurahuae Singer, 1978f: 233 

HOLOTYPE: Ecuador. Tungurahua: Rio Topo, 
30 April 1973, Singer B 7215 (F) 

vasilievae Singer, 1941b: 84 

Type information: USSR. Oirotia: Altai Mtns., 
August 1937, Singer & Vasilieva (LE). Also 
published in Singer, 1943a: 26. 



20 



Chapter Three 



CLFTOCYBE 



vulgaris Singer, 1961b: 48 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Massachusetts, Cambridge, 
Singer s:n. (FW) 



CLITOCYBULA 

azurea Singer, 1973d: 18 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Sao Paulo: Serra de Can- 
tareira, 17 December 1964, Singer B 4115 
(BAFC) 

mellea Singer, 1954b: 111 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Nahuel Hua- 
pi National Park, Quetrihue, 18 May 1952, 
Singer M 751 (LIL) 



CLITOPILUS 

hobsonii var. chilensis Singer, 1969a: 333 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Santiago: Cerro Robles, 19 
June 1967, Singer M 6978 (SGO) 

incrustatus Singer, 1948c: 38 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Florida: Alachua County, 
Gainesville, 19 May 1943, Singer F 1981 
(FH) 

incrustatus var. macrosporus Singer, 1969a: 
334 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Valdivia: Hueycolla, 4 May 
1967, Singer M 6720 (SGO) 

rhodotrama Singer in Singer & Digilio, 1951e: 
421 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Jujuy: Termas de 
Reyes, 5 January 1947, Carole ra & Digilio 
7681 (LIL, FH). [Published in 1952]. 

venososulcatus Singer, 1946a: 557 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Florida: Dade County, Ma- 
theson Hammock, 29 October 1942, Singer F 
1344 (FH) 



COLLYBIA 

acicola Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 60 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Sierra de 
San Javier, Cerro Alto del Taficillo, 6 January 
1950, Singer T 830 (LIL). [Published in 
1952]. 

albelloavellanea Singer, 1955a: 767 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Parana, Paranagua, 27 Sep- 
tember 1952, Singer B 409 (F) 

alkalivirens Singer, 1948c: 27 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Virginia: Giles County, Mt. 
Lake Biological Station, 23 June 1947, Singer 
& Wilson 337 (FH) 

amazonensis Singer, 1989a: 21 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas, Road Manaus- 
Caracarai, km 45, 10 August 1978, Singer B 
11376 (INPA) 

batistae Singer, 1965e: 23 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Pernambuco: CaMaragibe, 
6 July 1960, Singer B 3102 (BAFC) 



embrapaensis Singer, 1989a: 22 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: Reserva Ducke, 
6 October 1978, Singer B 11403 (INPA) 

flavomycelina Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 
51 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucumdn: Rio de los 
Sosa, 27 January 1951, Singer T 1128 (LIL). 
[Published in 1952]. 

fuegiana Singer, 1952c: 186 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tierra del Fuego: Rio 
Grande, Estancia Nueva Argentina, 10 Feb- 
ruary 1950, Singer M 157 (LIL) 

heimii Singer, 1937: 234 

Type information: USSR, near Chosta, Septem- 
ber 1936, Vasilieva (LE?) 

inconspicua Singer, 1989a: 22 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas, 30 km N of 
Manaus, 31 October 1977, Singer B 10233 
(INPA) 

ixotrama Singer, 1973d: 20 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. Pando: Manuripi, 25 
March 1956, Singer B 2202 (BAFC) 

lindquistii Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 

57 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Buenos Aires: Punta 
Lara, 9 June 1945, Singer S 116 (LIL). [Pub- 
lished in 1952]. 

lodgeae Singer, 1989a: 23 

HOLOTYPE: Costa Rica. Heredia, Sta. OTS 
near "La Selva", 23 December 1979, Lodge 
294 (F) 

neotropica Singer, 1961b: 54 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, 15 
February 1956, Singer B 1173 (LIL). Singer 
stated that this was a "nom. nov.'% but it prob- 
ably was a new species. 

nobilior Singer, 1989a: 23 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: Reserva 
Ducke, 31 May 1979, Singer B 11077 {m?A) 

paranaguae Singer, 1955a: 768 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. ParanS, Paranagua, 27 Sep- 
tember 1952, Singer B 406 (F) 

peladae Singer, 1969a: 70 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Valdivia: Cordillera Pelada, 
Chiveria, 7 May 1967, Singer M 6777 (SGO) 

phoebophila Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 

53 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tiicuman: Sierra de 
San Javier, Anta Muerta, 16 April 1950, Sing- 
er T 964 (LIL). [Published in 1952]. 

phylladophila Singer in Singer & Digilio, 
1951e: 55 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: San Javier, 
24 April 1951, Singer T 1526 (LIL). [Pub- 
lished in 1952]. 

phylladophiloides Singer, 1989a: 24 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: Lago Janauari, 
18 March 1983, Singer B 12444 (F) 



Index to Genera, Species, and Infraspecific Taxa 



21 



COLLYBIA 



rionegrensis Singer, 1989a: 24 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas, Ponta Negra 
near Manaus, 15 January 1978, Singer B 
10528 (INPA) 

sleumeri Singer, 1953b: 4 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Catamarca: Cerro Ne- 
gro, between Minas Capillitas and Cerro Ne- 
gro, 3 March 1952, Sleumer & Sparre [Singer 
no.] T 1912 (LIL) 

solitaria Singer, 1989a: 25 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas, 30 km N of 
Manaus, 29 June 1977, Singer B 10028 (INPA?) 

subhybrida Singer, 1965i: 151 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuqu^n: Quetrihue, 
14 May 1952, Singer M 573 (LIL, BAFC) 

syringea Singer, 1955a: 768 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Parana, Paranagua, 27 Sep- 
tember 1952, Singer B 404 (F) 

tetrachroa Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 
52 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Tafi del Val- 
le, Parque Aconquija, 5 March 1949, Singer 
T 199 (LIL). [Published in 1952]. 

tucumanensis Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 
47 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Sierra de 
San Javier, Anta Muerta, 16 April 1950, Sing- 
er T 963 (LIL), [Published in 1952]. 

urubambae Singer, 1961b: 55 

HOLOTYPE: Peru. Machu Picchu: Rio Urubam- 
ba, 20 May 1958, Singer B 3024 (LIL). 

velutipes f. aestivalis Singer, 1922a: 40 

No type information. 



CONOCYBE 

ajfinis Singer, 1969a: 207 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman, 10 Novem- 
ber 1950, Singer T 1020 (LIL) 

alba Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 295 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Tapia, 15 
April 1951, Singer T 1484 (LIL). [Published 
in 1952]. 

albocinerea Singer, 1941e: 99 

HOLOTYPE: USSR. Oirotia: Kurai, 14/15 Au- 
gust 1937, Singer & Vasilieva A 116 (LE). 
Also published in 1950a: 130. 

amazonica Singer, 1989a: 103 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil, Amazonas: 30 km N of 
Manaus, 11 May 1977, Singer B 9862 (INPA) 

diemii Singer, 1969a: 212 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuqu^n: Puerto Man- 
zano, 19 March 1963, Singer M 3075 (BAFC) 

excedens var. pseudomesospora Singer & Haus- 
knecht, 1992b: 95 

HOLOTYPE: Austria. Vienna: Lobau, near Op- 
pidum Mhulleiten, 20 June 1986, Hausknecht 
S 1424 (WU 5384). Isotype: F 



fuscimarginata var. bispora Singer, 1977c: 126 

HOLOTYPE: Czechoslovakia. Prague, Podbaba, 
13 August 1974, Pouzar & Singer [Singer 
no J C 5557 (F) 

halophila Singer, 1959b: 397 

HOLOTYPE: Afghanistan. West of Butschak: 
along road from Kabul to Nimla, 22 April 

1951, GilU CXXXm/10 (LIL) 

hornana Singer & Hausknecht, 1989c: 87 

HOLOTYPE: Austria. Lower Austria: Dobern- 
dorf near Horn, 8 June 1987, Hausknecht S 
1610 (WV 6201) 

izonetae Singer, 1989a: 103 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: 30 km N of 
Manaus, 23 March 1978, Singer B 10855 (INPA) 

javanica Singer, 1989a: 103 

HOLOTYPE: Indonesia. Java, von Hohnel 3860 
(FH) 

kuhneriana Singer, 1969a: 212 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: near Arroyo 
Mista, 27 October 1949, Singer T 722 (LIL) 

lentispora Singer, 1950a: 134 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: San Pablo, 
27 March 1949, Singer T 316 (LIL) 

leporina var. tetraspora Singer & Hausknecht, 
1988d: 112 

HOLOTYPE: Austria. Vienna: Lobau, near 
Kreuzgnindtraverse, 29 September 1984, 
Haushtecht & Mrazek S 1441 (WU). Isotype: F 

lobauensis Singer & Hausknecht, 1988d: 107 

HOLOTYPE: Austria. Vienna: Lobau, near 
Kreuzgrundtraverse, 15 October 1982, Haus- 
knecht S 910 (WU). Isotype: F 

magnispora var. levis Singer in in Singer & Di- 

, 195 le: 306 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Sierra de 
San Javier, Anta Muerta, 20 October 1949, 
Singer T 715 (LIL). [Published in 1952]. 

magnispora van striatella Singer in Singer & 
Digilio, 195 le: 305 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tlicuman, Singer S 43 
(LIL). [Published in 1952]. 

mazatecorum Singer, 1957a: 362 

Type information: Mexico. Oaxaca: Huautla de 
Jimnez, 10-11 July 1957 (MICH). Two spec- 
imens were cited: M 1503 and M 1523, but 
no type was designated. 

megalospora ssp. nivalis Singer, 1953b: 18 
HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Catamarca, between 
Minas Capillitas and Cerro Negro, 3 March 

1952, Sleumer & Sparre [Singer no, J T 1933 
(LIL) 

mesospora var. subalpina Singer, 1989a: 104 

HOLOTYPE: Switzerland. Vaud: above Pont de 
Nant, 6 July 1 984, Singer C 9682 (F) 

microsperma Singer, 1992b: 103 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Bahia: Itabuna, 6 June 
1978, Singer B 11058 (INPA) 





22 



Chapter Three 



CONOCYBE 



minima Singer & Hausknecht, 1992b: 93 

HOLOTYPE: Austria. Puikau: Feldberg near 
Grobreipersdorf, 7 September 1988, Haus- 
knecht S 1794 (WU 7186). Isotype: F 

missionum Singer in Singer & Digilio, 1951e: 
308 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Misiones: Cataratas del 
Iguazii, 26 November 1949, Singer & Digilio 
M 104 (LIL). [Published in 1952], 

mixta Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 296 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucumin: Tafi del Val- 
le, 10 January 1950, Singer T 843 (LIL). 
[Published in 1952]. 

myosura Singer, 1989a: 104 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. El Beni: Vaca Diez, Ri- 
beralta, 31 March 1956, Singer B 2403 (LIL) 

neoantipus var. carinthiaca Singer & Haus- 
knecht, 1988d: 117 

HOLOTYPE: Austria. Kamten: St. Veit a. d. 
Glan, near Tanzenberg, 26 September 1986, 
Forstinger and others (WU), Isotype: F 

neoantipus var. tucumana Singer & Haus- 
knecht, 1988d: 115 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman, 20 October 
1949, Singer T 714 (LIL) 

proxima Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 293 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Cerro Alto 
del Taficillo, 4 March 1951, Singer T 1339 
(LIL). [Published in 1952]. 

radicata Singer, 1953b: 18 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Anta Muer- 
ta, 11 January 1952, Singer T 1718 (LIL) 

reticulatorugosa Singer in Singer & Digilio, 
195 le: 299 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Tafi del Val- 
le, 13 January 1950, Singer T 869 (LIL). 
[Published in 1952]. 

roberti Singer & Hausknecht, 1992b: 97 

HOLOTYPE: Austria. Maissau, 18 September 
1984, Hausknecht S 1228 (WU 9220) 

stictospora Singer, 1989a: 104 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: 30 km N of 
Manaus, 25 May 1977, Singer B 9715 (INPA) 

striatipes var. sejuncta Singer & Hausknecht, 
1988d: 119 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Catamarca: Suncho, 
near Santa Rosa, 20 January 1952, Singer T 
1 792 (LIL) 

subvelata Singer, 1950a: 139 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Tafi del Val- 
le, Parque Aconquija, Sierra de San Javier, 12 
March 1949, Singer T 202 (LIL) 

subxerophytica Singer & Hausknecht, 1992b: 



tenera f. excentrica Singer, 1950a: 140 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Buenos Aires: Garibal- 
di, 30 May 1949, Singer S 44 (LIL) 

tenerrima Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 
292 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucumdn: Garden of 
the Institute Lillo, 24 February 1951, Singer 
T 1320 (LIL). [Published in 1952]. 

tenerrima var. monticola Singer, 1969a: 206 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Taff del Val- 
le, 10 January 1950, Singer T 842 (LIL) 

tetraspora Singer, 1969a: 209 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Buenos Aires: San Cle- 
mente de Tuy, 21 October 1965, Singer S 552 
(BAFC) 

tuxtlaensis Singer, 1989a: 105 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Veracruz, Estacion Biol- 
ogica de las Tuxtlas, 23 June 1969, Singer M 
8185 (F) 

xerophytica Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 
294 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tiicumdn: Tapia, 15 
April 1951, Singer T 1494 (LIL). [Published 
in 1952]. 

xylophila Singer, 1969a: 208 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Coquimbo: Fray Jorge, 16 
April 1967, Singer M 6531 (SGO) 



COPELANDIA 

chlorocystis Singer & Weeks, 1979a: 469 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Florida: Dade County, Red- 
lands Fruit and Spice Park, Homestead, July 
1976, Hearn (F) 



COPRINITES Poinar Jr. & Singer, 1990f: 1099 
(Fossil genus) 

Type species: Coprinites dominicana Poinar, Jr. 
& Singer 

dominicana Poinar, Jr. & Singer, 1990f: 1099 

HOLOTYPE: Dominican Republic. Santiago: 
Cordillera septentrional, between Santiago 
and Puerto Plata, The La Toca mine, AF-9-1 1 
(Fossil species) 



80 



HOLOTYPE: Austria. Vienna: Lobau, Leinerau 
near Mittelwasser, 27 May 1984, Hausknecht 
S 1132 (WU 5223). Isotype: F 



COPRINUS 

carbonicola Singer, 1969a: 176 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Rio Negro: Nahuel 
Huapi National Park, Brazo Tristeza, 7 May 
1964, Singer M 3975 (BAFC) 

herbivorus Singer, 1973d: 70 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Jujuy: Lagunas de 
Yala, 9 February 1965, Singer T 3929 (F) 

hylaeae Singer, 1978h: 49 

HOLOTYPE: Ecuador. Napo: Lago Agrio, 17 
May 1973, Singer B 7524 (F) 



Index to Genera, Species, and Infraspecific Taxa 



23 



COPRINUS 



hypsizygus Singer, 1969a: 177 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Valdivia: Cordillera Pelada, 
7 May 1965, Singer M 5576-5776a (BAFC) 

phylladophilus Singer, 1969a: 180 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Buenos Aires: Sierra 
de Tandil, Finca Pascuala, 16 November 1962, 
Singer S 365 (BAFC) 

saccosporus Singer, 1969a: 179 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Osomo: Lago Puyehue, 14 
September 1 967, Singer M 7507 (SCO) 

sclerobasidium Singer, 1969a: 179 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Lago L5car, 
F^icari, 6 November 1966, Singer M 6014 





subrenispermus Singer, 1969a: 182 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Santiago: Lagunas de Acu- 
leo, 24 September 1967, Singer M 7789 
(SCO) 

uspallatae Singer, 1969a: 178 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Mendoza: Upsallata, 
14 January 1966, Singer (BAFC). No collec- 
tion number given. 



li Singer & Araujo, 1983f: 191 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: Road Manaus- 
Caracm-ai, km 130, 24 March 1978, Kerr & 
Singer [Singer no.] B 10861 (INPA) 

kivaczensis Singer, 1949b: 95 

Type information: Finland. Karelia: Kivacz, 4 
September 1935 (LE?) 

megasporus Singer, 1949b: 95 

Type information: Finland. Karelia: Kivacz, 16 
September 1935 (LE?) 

sphagneti Singer, 1949b: 95 

Type information: Finland. Karelia: Kivacz, 30 
September 1935 (LE?) 

umbilicatus Singer & Araujo, 1983f: 195 





. Amazonas: 




Manaus 



Caracarai, km 125, 20 July 1978, Singer & 
Araujo [Singer no,} B 11313 (INPA) 

velutinellus Singer, 1949b: 96 

Type information: Finland. Karelia: Kivacz, 31 
August 1935 (LE?) 



CRATERELLUS 



CORIOLUS 

femandezianus Singer, 1959c: 374, 376 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Juan Fernandez Island: 
Masa Tierra, Quebrada Pangal, 16 February 
1955, Sparre F 7 (S). Isotype: LIL? 



boyacensis Singer, 1963b: 239 

HOLOTYPE: Colombia. Boyaca: Tbnja, Arca- 
buco, Finca del Seiior Luis Antonia Porras, 29 
July 1960, Singer B 3598 (BAFC) 



CREPIDOTUS 




CORTINARIUS 

aberrans Signer, 1949b: 96 

Type information: Finland, Karelia: Kivacz, Au- 
gust 1936 (LE?) 

amazonicus Singer & Araujo, 1983f: 193 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: Road Manaus- 
Caracarai, km 45, 5 May 1980, Singer & Ar- 
aujo [Singer no.] B 12139 (INPA) 

arcticus Singer, 1938e: 15 

information: USSR. (LE?) 

boyacensis Singer, 1963b: 242 

Type information: Colombia, Boyaca: Tunja, Ar- 
cabuco, Finca del Senor Luis Antonio Porras, 
no date, (BAFC). no collector named. 

campinaranae Singer & Araujo, 1983f: 196 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: Road Manaus- 
Caracarai, km 125, 22 May 1978, Singer & 
Araujo [Singer no,] B 11021 (INPA) 

flavomatus Singer, 1931: 539 

Type information: USSR. Caucasus: Kha. 
galeriniformis Singer & Araujo, 1983f: 194 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: Road Manaus- 
Caracarai, km 125, 22 May 1978, Singer & 
Araujo [Singer no,] B 11026 (INPA) 

gigasporus Singer, 1938e: 15 

Type information: USSR, Leningrad, December 
1935, Singer (LE?) 



acanthosyrinus Singer in Singer & Digilio, 
195 le: 411 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Tapia, 3 July 
1949, Singer T 591 (LIL). [Published in 
1952]. 

albidus var. bisporus Singer, 1973a: 436, 478 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Rio de Janeiro: Angra dos 
Reis, 31 September 1952, Singer B 440 (FH) 

albidus var. boliviae Singer, 1973a: 434, 478 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Jujuy: Valle del Rio 
Lozano, 18 February 1966, Singer T 5274 (F) 

ampullicystis Singer, 1973a: 460, 478 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Veracruz: 7 km S of 
Montepio, Estacion Biologica de las Tuxtlas, 
19 June 1969, Singer M 8032 (F) 

applanatus var. subglobiger Singer, 1973a: 383, 
478 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Oaxaca: San Augustustin, 
10 July 1969, Singer M 8400 (F) 

aristoteliae Signer, 1959c: 398, 399 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Juan Fernandez Island: 
Mdsa Tierra, Lower Quebrada Pangal, 24 
March 1955, Sparre F 68 (S). Isotype: LIL? 

australis Singer, 1973a: 418, 478 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Misiones: Iguazu, Re- 
fugio Yaguarete, 16 April 1957, Singer M 
1030 (BAFC) 



24 



Chapter Three 



CREPIDOTUS 



austroandinus Singer, 1969a: 327 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Llanquihue: Puella, 20 
March 1959, Singer M 1868 (BAFC) 

bullulifer Singer, 1965i: 182 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Valdivia: Cordillera Pelada, 
28 March 1963, Singer M 3203 (BAFC) 

calolepis var. heterocystis Singer, 1973a: 469, 
478 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Veracruz: 7 km S of 
Montepio, Estaci6n Biologica de las Tbxtlas, 
19 June 1969, Singer M 8029 (F) 

calolepis ssp. polycystis Singer, 1973a: 475, 478 

HOLOTYPE: Costa Rica. San Jose: Cerro de las 
Vueltas, 1 December 1925-1 January 1926, 
Standley & Valerio s. n. (BPI) 

calolepis ssp. tigrensis var. januarius Singer, 
1973a: 474, 478 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Sierra de 
San Javier, Ciudad Universitaria, 16 January 
1955, Singer T 2020 QJL) 

catamarcae Singer, 1973a: 422, 478 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Catamarca: Rio Chac- 
ras, 1 1 February 1952, Singer T 1821 (BAFC) 

citricolor Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 
411 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Quebrada de 
Lules, 18 December 1951, Singer T 1656 
(LIL). [Published in 1952]. 

cristulatus Singer, 1957a: 369 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Oaxaca: Huautla de Jim- 
nez, 10 July 1957, Singer M 1516 (MICH). 
Type information is from an annotation slip 
attached to the original publication. 

decipiens Singer, 1973a: 365, 478 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Morelos: NW of Tepoz- 
tlan, 18 July 1969, Singer M 8467 (F) 

defibulatus Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 
410 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Buenos Aires: Santa 
Catalina, 7 June 1949, Singer S 90 (LIL). 
[Published in 1952]. 

oeus Singer, 1973a: 462, 479 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Veracruz: 7 km S of 
Montepio, Estacion Biol6gica de las Tuxtlas, 
19 June 1969, Singer M 8026 (F) 

eucalypticola Singer, 1978h: 73 

HOLOTYPE: Ecuador Pichincha: above Quito, 
5 May 1973, Singer B 7249 (F) 

guzmanii Singer, 1973a: 415, 479 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Veracruz: Coyame, 23 
June 1969, Singer M 8174 (F) 

harper i Singer, 1959n: 586 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Virginia: Bedford, May 
1919, Harper 1177 

harperi var. minor Singer, 1973a: 363, 479 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Dto. Federal: Cerro Oco- 
piazco, 27 June 1969, Singer M 8216 (F) 




icterinus Singer, 1973a: 395, 479 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tiicuman: San Pedro 
de Colalao, 23 January 1955, Singer T 2058 
(LIL) 

igapoensis Singer, 1989a: 121 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: Igarape do Tar- 
umazinho, 12 March 1980, Singer B 12019 
(INPA) 

krieglsteineri Singer, 1988b: 69 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Florida: Coral Gables, 28 
September 1 970, Gill (F) 

latifolius var. appendiculatus Singer, 1973a: 360, 
479 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Ibcuman: Horco Mol- 
le, 30 April 1960, Singer T 3623 (BAFC) 

latifolius var. veraecrucis Singer, 1973a: 360, 
479 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Veracruz: 3 km S of 
Montepio, 30 July 1969, Singer M 8761 (F) 

levisporus Singer, 1973a: 442, 479 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Veracruz: Tlilapa, 24 June 
1969, Singer M 8195 {¥) 

luridus var. luridus Singer, 1973a: 419, 479 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Morelos: NW of Tepoz- 
tMn, 27 June 1969, Singer M 8247 (F) 

luridus var. minutus Singer, 1973a: 421, 479 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Veracruz: 7 km S of 
Montepfo, Estacion Biologica de las Tuxtlas, 

19 June 1969, Singer M 8032a (F) 

luridus var. oaxacae Singer, 1973a: 420, 479 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Oaxaca: Rancho del Cura 
below Huautla, 7 July 1969, Singer M 8317 

(F) 

martini Singer, 1955a: 775 

HOLOTYPE: Panama. Zona Canalis: Barro Col- 
orado Island, 7 July 1952, Martin & Welden 

(F) 

mexicanus Singer, 1973a: 413, 479 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Veracruz: 7 km S of 
Montepio, Estacion Biol6gica de las Tuxtlas, 

20 June 1969, Singer M 8059 (F) 

molliformis Singer, 1973a: 441, 480 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Morelos: NW of Tepoz- 
tlan, 1 July 1969, Singer M 8262 (F) 

nephrodes var. meristocystis Singer, 1954b: 
146, 147 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Nahuel Hua- 
pf National Park, Quetrihue, 20 May 1952, 
Singer M 792 (LIL) 

nephrodes var. minimus Singer, 1954b: 147 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Nahuel Hua- 




pi Nati 




Park, Isla Victoria, 17 May 1952, 




Singer M 731 (LIL) 

palmarum Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 
406 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Misiones: Cataratas del 
Iguazu, 27 November 1949, Singer & Digilio 
[Singer no.] M 135 (LIL). [Published in 
1952]. 



Index to Genera, Species, and Infraspecific Taxa 



25 



CREPIDOTUS 



parlatorei Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 
412 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tbcuman: Sierra de 
San Javier, 6 January 1950, Singer T 825 
(LIL). [Published in 1952]. 

pilosiceps Singer, 1989a: 121 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: 30 km N of 
Manaus, 18 January 1978, Singer B 10556 
(INPA) 

podocarpi Singer in Singer & Digilio, 1951e: 

413 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Sierra de 
San Javier, 6 January 1950, Singer T 623 
(LIL). [Published in 1952]. 

polylepidis Singer, 1961b: 79 

HOLOTYPE: Venezuela. Merida: Sierra de San- 
to Domingo, 24 July 1958, Dennis 1726 (K) 

quitensis var. basicrinitus Singer, 1973a: 363, 

480 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Tafi del Val- 
le, Valle de San Javier, 15 August 1946, Di- 
gilio & Grassi 791 (LIL) 

roseolus Singer, 1973a: 350, 480 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina.: Tucuman, Tucuman, 
Jardin del Instituto M. Lillo, 20 February 
1955, 5mger 7 2786 (LIL) 

roseus Singer, 1947g: 87 

Type information: USA. Florida: Dade Co., Mi- 
ami, Matheson Hammock, 30 October 1942, 
Singer (FH). [Published in 1948]. 

rubriceps Singer, 1973a: 397, 480 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Sao Paulo: Sierra de Can- 
tareira, Reserva Forestal, 17 December 1964, 
Singer B 4098 (F) 

schusteri Singer, 1989b: 796 

HOLOTYPE: Henderson Islands (South Pacific), 
13 May 1987, Schuster 00008 (F) 

serotinus Singer, 1961b: 79 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Arroyo Mis- 
ta, 15 June 1955, Singer T 2782 (LIL) 

sphaerosporus var. austrocedri Singer, 1969a: 
325 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: 
16 May 1952, Singer M 672 (LIL) 

stercorarius Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 
409 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tierra del Fuego: Rio 
Grande, Estancia Nueva Argentina, 21 Feb- 
ruary 1950, Singer M 400 (LIL). [Published 





le: 



in 1952]. 

sublevisporus Singer in Singer & Digilio, 
410 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman, 18 Decem- 
ber 1948, Singer & Digilio [Singer no J T 25 
(LIL). [Published in 1952]. 

tigrensis var. valdiviensis Singer, 19651: 183 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Valdivia: Rio Hueycolla, 30 
March 1963, Singer M 3243 (BAFC) 



truncatus van microcarpus Singer, 1973a: 378, 
480 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Rio Las Pa- 
vas, 3 km W of Santa Rosa, 17 December 
1950, Singer T 1056 (LIL) 

tuxtlae Singer, 1973a: 439, 480 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Veracruz: 3 km S of 
Montepio, 22 June 1969, Singer M 8138 (F) 

variisporus Singer in Singer & Digilio, 1951e: 
413 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Sierra de 
San Javier, Anta Muerta, 31 October 1949, 
Singer T 741 (LIL). [Published in 1952]. 

velutinoajfinis Singer, 1961b: 78 

HOLOTYPE: Venezuela. Merida: Sierra de San- 
to Domingo, 31 July 1958, Dennis 1801 (K) 

xanthocephalus Singer, 1973a: 396, 480 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Tafi del Val- 
le, Quebradita del Mastil, 17 February 1965, 
Singer T 4083 (F) 

xanthophaeus Singer, 1973a: 455, 480 

HOLOTYPE: Venezuela. Dto. Federal: Caracas 
Botanic Garden, 1 July 1958, Dennis 1128 (K) 

yungicola Singer, 1973a: 443, 480 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, 
Capillaria, 22 February 1956, Singer B 1335 
(BAFC). B 1422 cited as type in Latin diag- 
nosis. 



CRINIPELLIS 



albipes Singer, 1976a: 36 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Veracruz: 7 km S of 
Montepio, Estacion Biologica de las Tuxtlas, 
20 June 1969, Singer M 8083 (F) 

alcalivirens Singer, 1976a: 37 

HOLOTYPE: Colombia. Cundinamarca: Salto 
de Tequendama, 24 July 1960, Singer B 3510 

(F) 

austrorubida Singer, 1976a: 43 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Rio de los 
Sosas, 18 January 1950, Singer T 917 (LIL) 

carecomoeis var. litseae Singer, 1942a: 489 

HOLOTYPE: Philippines. Laguna: Mt. Makil- 
ing, 5 September 1917, Catalan 4464 (FH). 
[Published in 1943]. 

carecomoeis var. subelata Singer, 1942a: 488 

HOLOTYPE: New Caledonia. Col d'Amien, 
1907, U Rat 97 (FH). [Published in 1943]. 

catamarcensis Singer, 1953b: 12 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Catamarca: Valle de 
Suncho, above Alto de la Junta, 17 January 
\952, Singer T 1745 {UL) 

commixta Singer in Sing.& Digilio, 1953b: 11 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Tapia, 6 Jan- 
uary 1952, Singer T 1710 (LIL) 



26 



Chapter Three 



CRINIPELLIS 



commixta \ar, junta Singer, 1976a: 33 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Arroyo Mis- 
ta, 15 June 1955, Singer T 2791 (LIL) 

coroicae Singer, 1976a: 27 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, Co- 
roico, 26 January 1956, Singer B 558 (F) 

dicotyledonum Singer in Singer & Digilio, 1951e: 
221 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Rio de los 
Sosas, 27 January 1951, Singer T 1140 (LIL). 
[Published in 1952]. 

dipterocarpi Singer, 1942a: 496 

Type information: Vietnam. Tonkin, Eberhardt 
(FH). [Published in 1943], 

eggersii var. epiphyllus Singer, 1967a: 48 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor Yungas, 
Charobamba, 30 January 1956, Singer B 747 
(LIL) 

eggersii var. flavipes Singer, 1976a: 47 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. Pando: Madre de Dios, 28 
March 1956, Singer B 2310 (LIL) 

eggersii var. lilaceiceps Singer, 1976a: 49 

HOLOTYPE: Ecuador. Napo: Lago Agrio, 9 
May 1973, Singer B 7316 (F) 

foliicola Singer, 1955a: 771 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Florida: Highlands County, 
Highlands Hammock State Park, 2 September 
1942, Singer F 444a (F) 

galeropsidoides Singer, 1989a: 66 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: Road Manaus- 
Caracaraf, km 45, 20 December 1977, Aguiar 
[Singer no.] B 10380 (INPA) 

gracilis Singer, 1976a: 14 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Pernambuco: Sao Louren- 
co, Mata do Sao Joao , 16 July 1960, Singer 
B 3412 (F) 

herrerae Singer, 1976a: 23 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Veracruz: 7 km S of 
Montepio, Estacion Biologica de las Tuxtlas, 
21 June 1969, Herrara [Singer no,] M 8125 
(F) 

insignis Singer, 1976a: 45 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. El Beni: Vaca Diez, Ri- 
beralta, 29 March 1956, Singer B 2320 (F) 

iopus Singer, 1939a: 64 

Type information: USSR. Kazakhstan: in the bo- 
tanical garden of Alma Ata, May 1937, A^ev- 
odovski (LE?) 

macrosphaerigera Singer, 1953d: 138 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil?. 24 January 1946, Sehnem 
1917 (C8339) (LIL) 




ora Smger m Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 



222 



mexicana Singer, 1976a: 29 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Veracruz: Jalapa, 12-20 
December 1909, W. & E. Murrill 142 (NY) 

mirabilis Singer, 1942a: 497 

HOLOTYPE: New Caledonia. Between Col 
d'Amien and Mgropo, 1907, Le Rat 101 (FH). 
[Published in 1943]. 

missionensis Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 
226 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Misiones: Cataratas del 
Iguazu, 27 November 1949, Singer & Digilio 




er no.] M 123 (LIL). 




m 



HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Sierra de 
San Javier, Anta Muerte, January, Singer T 
1666 (LIL). [Published in 1952]. 



1952]. 

patouillardii Singer, 1942a: 483 

HOLOTYPE: Japan. Bonin Island, Wright 525 
(FH). [Published in 1943]. 

phyllophila Singer, 1957a: 358 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Oaxaca: Huautla de Ji- 
menez, 10-12 July 1957, Singer M 1507 
(MICH) 

piceae Singer, 1939a: 64 

Type information: USSR. Altai Mtns.: near Ku- 
rai, August, Singer & Vasilieva (LE?) 

podocarpi Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 

225 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Cerro Alto 
del Taficillo, 6 January 1950, Singer T 833 
(LIL). [Published in 1952]. 

pseudostipitaria ssp. occidentalis Singer, 1942a: 
470 

HOLOTYPE: Guadeloupe. Plateau des Rivieres, 
Duss 492 (FH). [Published in 1943]. 

pseudostipitaria ssp. occidentalis var. mesites 
Singer, 1942a: 471 

HOLOTYPE: Martinique. Pare du College de St. 
Pierre, August 1900, Duss 1877 (FH). [Pub- 
lished in 1943]. 

pseudostipitaria ssp. orientalis Singer, 1942a: 

472 

HOLOTYPE: Vietnam. Tonkin: La Pho, 23 July 
1909, Demange 275 (FH). [Published in 
1943]. 

purpurea Singer, 1976a: 44 

HOLOTYPE: Colombia. Valle: Cali, Saladito, 
15 April 1968, Singer B 6151a (F) 

rustica Singer, 1978h: 25 

HOLOTYPE: Ecuador. Tungurahua: Rfo Topo, 
30 April 1973, Singer B 7197 (F) 

sapindacearum Singer, 1976a: 39 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Paraiba: Joao Pessa, 11 
July 1960, Singer B 3377 (F) 

schini Singer, 1976a: 20 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Catamarca: Hill above 
Estancia Santa Rosa, near Rfo Campo, 20 Jan- 
uary 1952, Singer T 1793 (LIL) 

septotricha Singer, 1942a: 468 

HOLOTYPE: Guadeloupe. Basse Terre, 14 July 
1901, Duss 513 (FH). [Published in 1943]. 



Index to Genera, Species, and Infraspecific Taxa 



27 



CRINIPELLIS 



sinensis Singer, 1989a: 67 

HOLOTYPE: China. Yunnan, between '*Yung- 
bei" and "Tschuhsiung (Tsuyung)'\ 13 May 



(WU) 



siparunae Singer, 1942a: 505 






[Pub- 



lished in 1943]* This 
lished in 1943a: 115. 



tenuipilosa Singer in Singer & Digilio, 1951e: 
228 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Quebrada de 
Lules, 24 January 1951, Singer T 1119 (LIL). 
[Published in 1952]. 

tucumanensis Singer, 1976a: 40 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Yerba Bue- 
na, 12 February 1955, Singer T 2158 (LIL) 



CYPTOTRAMA Singer, 1960a: 375 

Type species: Cyptotrama macrobasidium Singer 

dennisii Singer, 1973d: 34 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Veracruz, 30 July 1969, 
Singer M 8763 (F) 

depauperatum Singer, 1978h: 43 

HOLOTYPE: Colombia. Antioqufa: Medellm, 
Boqueron, 20 July 1974, Dumont CO 1750 

(F) 

hygrocyboides Singer, 1969a: 90 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Coquimbo: Fray Jorge, 16 
April 1967, Singer M 6518 (SCO) 

macrobasidium Singer, 1960a: 376 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, near 
Coroico, 27 January 1956, Singer B 577 (LIL) 

niveum Singer, 1989a: 91 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: Igarape de Tar- 
umazinho, 19 March 1980, Singer B 12039 
(INPA) 

pauperum Singer, 1989a: 91 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: Road Manaus- 
Itacoatiara, km 65, 6 October 1977, Maas 
[Singer no.] B 10180 (F) 

platense Singer, 1969a: 92 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Buenos Aires: Punta 
Lara, 1 May 1966, Singer S 739 (BAFC) 



CYSTANGIUM Singer & Smith, 1960h: 67 
Type species: Secotium sessile Massee & Rod- 



CYSTOAGARICUS Singer, 1947b: 85 

Type species: Nolanea strobilomyces Murr. 
jujuyensis Singer, 1973d: 65 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Jujuy: Lagunas de 
Yala, 10 February 1966, Singer T 5012/21 (F) 

sachaensis Singer, 1978h: 47 

HOLOTYPE: Ecuador. Napo: Sacha Norte, Sa- 
cha 4, 10 May 1973, Singer B 7357 (F) 



CYSTODERMA 



amianthinum f. olivaceum Singer, 1945f: 111 

Type information: USSR. Siberia, Singer (LE) 

amianthinum van sublongisporum Singer, 1945f: 
112 

HOLOTYPE: USA. New York: Newcomb, Hun- 
tington Wild Life Forest, September 1941, 

Singer 97 (FH) 

australe Smith & Singer, 1945f: 97 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Florida: Dade County, Ma- 
theson Hammock, 22 October 1942, Singer F 
1184 (FH) 

austrofaUax Singer, 1969a: 174 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Valdivia: near Hueycolla, 4 
May 1967, Singer M 6682 (SGO) 

caucasicum Singer, 1945f: 105 

Type information: USSR. Western Caucasus: 
near Guseripl (LE) 

fallax Smith & Singer, 1945 f: 116 

Type information: USA. Smith 17272 (MICH, 
FH) 

granulosum van typicum f. robustum Smith & 
Singer, 1945f: 87 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan: Milford, 15 Sep- 
tember 1938, Smith 10967 (MICH) 

paradoxum Smith & Singer, 1948d: 454 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Oregon: Mt. Hood National 
Forest, 19 October 1947, Smith 27987 




ponderosum Smith & Singer, I945f: 92 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Tennessee: Great Smoky 
Mountain National Park, Mt. Le Conte, 26 
July 1942, Hesler 14390 (TENN) 

subpurpureum Smith & Singer, 1948d: 457 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Oregon: Mt. Hood National 
Forest, Cedar Creek at Skyline Road, 25 Sep- 
tember 1 947, Smith 26824 (MICH) 



way ex Rodway 



Smith 



HOLOTYPE: Chile. Llanquihu6: Puella, 20 

March 1959, Singer M 1921 (LIL) 

pineti Singer, 1985: 417 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Veracruz: 5 km N of Vi- 
gos, 30 October 1982, Singer M 9514 (F) 



CYSTOLEPIOTA Singer in Singer & Digilio, 
1951e: 281. [Published in 1952]. 

Type species: Cystolepiota constricta Singer 
albogilva Singer, 1989a: 98 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: Ponta Negra, 1 
January 1978, Singer B 10445 (INPA) 



28 



Chapter Three 



CYSTOLEPIOTA 



amazonica Singer, 1989a: 99 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil Amazonas: 30 km N of 
Manaus, 18 May 1977, Singer B 9643 (INPA). 
Although the type information is identical to 
that of MarasmieUus amazoniensis Singer 
(1989a: 26), the two species were based on 
different collections judging from Singer's un- 
published notebooks. See note under A/, ama- 
zoniensis, 

aurantiaca Singer, 1973d: 65 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Santiago: near Ranque, 6 
July 1967, Singer M 7122 (SCO) 

aus traits Singer, 1969a: 167 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Nahuel Hua- 
pi National Park, Camino del Brazo Blest, los 
Cantaros, 23 March 1963, Singer M 3153 
(BAFC) 

brurmeotingem Suiger in Singer & Digilio, 1951e: 
283 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Quebrada de 
Lules, 23 April 1950, Antonuccio [Singer no,] 
T977 (LIL). [Published in 1952]. 

cinereofusca Singer, 1982d: 37 

HOLOTYPE: Costa Rica. Guanacaste: Parque 
Nacional Santa Rosa, 25 July 1981, Gomez & 
Singer B 12453 (F) 

constricta Singer in Singer & Digilio, 1951e: 
283 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Sierra de 
San Javier, 1 March 1949, Singer T 173 (LIL). 
[Published in 1952]. 

luteifolia Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 
282 

HOLOTYPE: Peru. Huanuco: Tingo Maria, 31 
October 1948, Carpenter 112 (LIL). [Pub- 
lished in 1952]. 

marthae Singer, 1969a: 168 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Quetrihue, 7 
April 1963, M, Singer & Diem [Singer no.] 
M 3296 (BAFC) 

potassiovirens Singer, 1989a: 99 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: 30 km N of 
Manaus, 31 November 1977, Singer B 10247 
(INPA) 

pumanquensis Singer, 1973d: 66 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Colchagua: near Pumanque, 
25 July 1967, Lazo PU-I04 (SCO) 

rosea Singer, 1969a: 168 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Puerto Man- 
zano, Rio Bonito, 6 April 1963, Singer M 
3292 (BAFC) 

rubra Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 282 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Sierra de 
San Javier, 30 March 1951, Singer T 1455 
(LIL). [Published in 1952]. 



DECONICA 

acutiuscula Singer, 1941b: 86 

Type information: Finland. Karelia: near Kivacz 
in Caucaso Cr., Singer (LE?) 

alnetorum Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 

332 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Jujuy: Lagunas de 
Yala, 8 April 1950, Singer T 955 (LIL). [Pub- 
lished in 1952]. 



DENNISIOIMYCES Singer, 1955d: 225 

Type species: Dennisiomyces glabrescentipes 
Singer 

fuscoalbus Singer, 1989a: 88 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: Manaus, 29 
June 1977, Singer B 9896 (INPA) 

glabrescentipes Singer, 1955d: 225 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil, Pemambuco: Recife, Dois 
Irmaos, Jose de Silva & Batista 2223 (LIL) 

rionegrensis Singer, 1989a: 88 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: Road Manaus- 
Caracarai, km 45, 11 June 1977, Singer B 
10071 (INPA) 



DERMOLOMA 

aposcenum Singer, 1989a: 88 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Veracruz: 7 km S of Es- 
tacion Biologica de Los Tuxtlas, 28 July 1969, 
Singer M 8708 (F) 

coryleti Singer & C16men9on, 1971b: 120 

HOLOTYPE: Czechoslovakia. Kremsier, 30 
September 1970, Singer C 5230 (F) 

pataguae Singer, 1989a: 89 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Colchagua: Pumanque, 7 
August 1967, Lazo PU-130 (SCO) 

yungense Singer, 1973d: 61 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, 30 
January 1956, Singer B 700 (LIL, BAFC) 



DESCOLEA Singer, 1950i: 256 

Type species: Descolea antarctica Singer 
antarctica Singer, 1950i: 257 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tierra del Fuego, 18 
February 1950, Singer M 144a (LIL) 



DIACANTHODES Singer, 1945c: 14,1 
Type species: Daedalea philippinensis Pat. 



DICTYOPANUS 



'"if 

pusillus vax, pseudorhipidium Singer^ 1953b: 14 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Anta Muer- 
ta, 16 February 1952, Singer 1868 (LIL) 



Index to Genera, Species, and Infraspecific Taxa 



29 



ECCILIA 



ECCILIA 

undata var. ombrophila Singer, 1947c: 219 

Type information: collected in 1934. 



ELASMOMYCES 

camphoratus Singer & Smith, 1960h: 62 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Washington: Lake Quinault, 
5 November 1925, Brown s.n. (MICH) 

odoratus Singer & Smith, 1960h: 57 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Washington: Mt. Rainier 
National Park, 23 July 1948, Smith 29303 
(MICH) 

roseipes Singer & Smith, 1960h: 64 

HOLOTYPE: USA. California: near Trinidad, no 
date. White 171 (MICH) 

zellerianus Singer & Smith, 1960h: 61 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Washington: Lake Quinault, 
26 October 1925, Brown s,n. (MICH) 



ENDOLEPIOTULA Singer, 1963a: 260 

Type species: Endolepiotula niizlealii Singer 
ruizlealii Singer, 1963a: 260 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Mendoza: Santa Rosa, 
Las Catitas, 10 March 1941, Ruiz Leal 7. 616 
(Ruiz LeaFs herbarium). Fragments of the 
type at BAFC and MICH. 



ENDOPTYCHUM 

depressum Singer & Smith, 1958n: 216 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Idaho, Seven Devils' Mtns 
23 August 1954, Smith 46579 (MICH) 



ENTOLOMA 

pyrenaica Singer, 1947c: 219 

Type information: Spain. Catalonia: Ribera de 
Sant Maurici, 1934. 



EPICNAPHUS Singer, 1960f: 274, 279 

Type species: Epicnaphus phalaropus Singer 
phalaropus Singer, 1960f: 275, 279 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. Pando: Manuripi, Con 
quista, 24 March 1956, Singer B 2175 (LIL) 



FAVOLASCHIA 

alsophilae Singer, 1974b: 73, 102 

HOLOTYPE: Colombia. Valle: Dagua road near 
km 25, 28 April 1968, Singer B 6443 (F) 

andina Singer, 1974b: 68, 102 

HOLOTYPE: Colombia. Cundinamarca: Paramo 
Chisaca-Sumapas, 8 May 1968, Singer B 7022 
(F) 



aurantiaca Singer, 1974b: 33, 101 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. Pando: Manuripi, Con- 
quista, 25 March 1956, Singer B 2199 (F) 

calocera var. claudopus Singer, 1974b: 38, 101 

HOLOTYPE: New Zealand. North Island: Wai- 
temata County, Waitarua, Waitakere Ranges, 
July 1973, Beaver s, n. (F) 

dealbata Singer, 1955a: 763 

HOLOTYPE: Panama. Chiriqui: Casita Alta 
above Boquete, 31 July 1952, Martin & Wel- 
den 8070 (F) 

dumontii Singer, 1974b: 61, 102 

HOLOTYPE: Venezuela. Merida: El Pino, 16 
km E of Apartaderos, 19 July 1971, Duniont 
and others VE 2480 (NY) 

echinata Singer, 1950e: 253 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina, Tucuman: Los Sosas, 
19 January 1950, Singer T 919 (LIL) 

fendleri Singer, 1974b: 32, 101 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Sao Paulo: Reserva Flores- 
tal do Horto, Florestal, Serra de Cantareira, 17 
December 1964, Singer & Furtado B 4118 (F) 

filopes Singer & Fidalgo, 1965f: 11 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Sao Paulo: Sao Paulo, 
Parque do Estado, 1961, Furtado SP 60965 

(SP) 

fuffurella Singer, 1974b: 87, 103 

HOLOTYPE: Venezuela. Merida: Parque Na- 
cional Sierra Nevada, 25 July 1971, Dumont 
and others VE 2991 (NY) 

heliconiae Singer, 1974b: 58, 101 

HOLOTYPE: Venezuela. Sucre: Trail from Los 
Pocitos to Rio Grande Arriba, 13 July 1972, 
Dumont and others VE 5029 (NY) 

intermedia ssp. pulverulenta var. dicotyledonea 
Singer, 1974b: 95, 104 

HOLOTYPE: Trinidad. River Estate, Diego 
Martin, 29 September 1949, Dennis 95 (K) 

intermedia ssp. pulverulenta van dennisiana 

Singer, 1974b: 95, 104 

HOLOTYPE: Venezuela. Merida: La Montana 
above Merida, 30 July 1971, Dumont and oth- 
ers VE 3454 (NY) 

intermedia ssp. pulverulenta var. tetraspora 
Singer, 1974b: 97, 104 

HOLOTYPE: Venezuela. Trujillo: between Es- 
cuque, and La Mesa de San Pedro, 31 July 
1971, Dumont and others VE 3516 (NY) 

mainsii Singer, 1974b: 60, 101 

HOLOTYPE: Belize. EI Cayo: Valentin, 25 June 
1936, Mains s. n. (BPI) 

meridae Singer, 1974b: 84, 103 

HOLOTYPE: Venezuela. Merida: Parque Na- 
cional Sierra Nevada, Laguna Negra, 18 July 
1971, Dumont and others VE 2317 (NY) 

montana Singer, 1974b: 70, 102 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Jujuy: Lagunas de 
Yala, 11 February 1966, Singer T 5056 (F) 



V * 



>» I 



30 



Chapter Three 



m * 



€lfr. ^., ft 



FAVOLASCHIA 




oligogloea Singer, 1974b: 78, 103 

HOLOTYPE: Ecuador. Napo: Lago Agrio, 8 
May 1973, Singer B 7278 (F) 

oligopora Singer, 1974b: 25, 101 

HOLOTYPE: Colombia. Valle: Cali, Buenaven- 
tura, San Joaquin, 22 April 1968, Singer B 
6279 (F) 

pantherina Singer, 1974b: 74, 103 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Misiones: Iguazu, Re- 
fugio Yaguarete, 15 April 1957, Singer M 
1003 (F) 

pterigena Singer, 1950e: 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Sierra Mu- 
noz, 13 January 1950, Singer T 862 (LIL) 

pterigena var. boliviana Singer, 1974b: 56, 101 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, Car- 
men Pampa, 1 February 1956, Singer B 817 

(F) 

pterigena var. purpurea Singer, 1974b: 57, 101 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, Ca- 
taratas de San Juan, 28 January 1956, Singer 
B 603 (F) 

puberula Singer, 1974b: 71, 102 

HOLOTYPE: Venezuela. Dto. Federal: Mt. La 
Naiguata, 25 June 1971, Dumont and others 
VE ^710 (NY) 

roseogrisea Singer, 1974b: 82, 103 

HOLOTYPE: Colombia. Tolima: road from Ca- 
jamarca to Calana, 11 April 1968, Singer B 
6035 (F) 

sabalensis var. geonematis Singer, 1974b: 36, 
101 

HOLOTYPE: Ecuador. Napo: Shushufindi, 15 
May 1973, Singer B 7441 (F) 

subamyloidea Singer, 1974b: 89, 104 

HOLOTYPE: Venezuela. Sucre: NW of Irapa, 9 
July 1972, Dumont and others VE 4425 (NY) 

teapae Singer, 1974b: 64, 102 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Rfo Teapa, between Ixta- 
comitan and Solusuchiapa, 1 August 1969, 
Singer M 8798 (F) 

thwaitesii ssp. dybowskyana Singer, 1945g: 211 

Type information: Uganda [Protectorate], Near 
Tropical Inst, at Mulange, Dummer (Pato 

thwaitesii ssp. zenkeriana Singer, 1945g: 211 

Type information: Liberia. Oulah, August 1926, 
Under (FH?) 

varariotecta Singer, 1945g: 201 

Type information: British West Indies. Grand 
Etang, Thaxter (FH) 

violascens Singer, 1974b: 88, 103 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, Car- 
men Pampa, 17 February 1956, Singer B 1227 
(F) 




bisphaerigera var. grisea Singer, 1947c: 243 

Type information: Spain. Catalonia, between 
Bossost and Portillo, October 1934. 

deusta Singer & Clemen^on, 1971b: 123 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan: Cheboygan 
County, Bryant Road, 24 July 1968, Clemen- 
gon 680724-0 (LAU) 

dusenii var. griseilamellata Singer, 1952c: 220 

HOLOTYPE; Argentina. Tierra del Fuego, Es- 
tancia Nueva Argentina, 10 February 1950, 
Singer M 162 (LIL) 

marthae Singer & Clemen^on, 1971b: 122 

HOLOTYPE: Italy. Savoja: Val Feret, Frebouze, 
8 June 1971, M, Singer [Singer no.] C 5383 

(F) 

metuloidigera Singer, 1989a: 90 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Jujuy: Lagunas de 
Yala, 9 February 1965, Singer T 3910 (F) 

tenuisperma Singer, 1969a: 146 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Nahuel Hua- 
pi National Park, Arroyo Frutillas, 24 April 
1965, Singer M 3620 (BAFC) 

tetrasphaerigera Singer, 1965e: 38 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Rio Grande do Sul: Gua- 
nabara, Floresta de Tijuca, 28 October 1961, 
Singer B 4046 (BAFC) 

tilieti Singer, 1943 a: 63 

Type information: USSR. Moldavia, August- 
September. 



FISTULINELLA 



alfaroae Singer & Gomez, 1991a: 77, 88 

HOLOTYPE: Costa Rica, Limon: Valle de la Es- 
trella, 5 August 1986, Singer, Gomez & Alfaro 
[Singer no.] B 14621 (F) 

campinaranae Singer, 1978a: 436 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: Road Manaus- 
Caracaraf, km 45, 18 July 1977, Singer B 
10109 (INPA) 

campinaranae var. scrobiculata Singer, 1983f: 
148 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: Road Manaus- 
Caracarai, km 45, 31 March 1980, Webber & 
Singer [Singer no.J B 12089 (INPA) 

conica var. belizensis Singer, 1983f: 140 

HOLOTYPE: Belize. Augustine: Forest Station, 
17 June 1976, Ivory S/114 (F) 

wolfeana Singer & Garcia, 1991a: 82, 88 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Hidalgo: Minas Viejas, 
31 July 1981, Garcia 658 (F) 



FAYODIA 

agloea Singer & Passauer, 1979c: 299 

HOLOTYPE: Austria. Upper Austria, 2 May 
1976, Moog/Passauer (W) 



FLAMMULA 



freindlingiae Singer, 1936g: 170, 171 

Type information: USSR. (LE?) 



181 mmLl HALL 



Index to Genera 




ies, and Infraspecific Taxa 



31 



APR ? 8 ■'f>P7 



FLAMMULA 



lenticeps Singer, 1941e: 97 

Type information: Finland. Karelia, August, 
Freindling & Singer (LE?) 

maackiae Singer, 1941e: 97 

Type information: USSR. Khaborovsk: Oriens 
Extn, September, Ljubarski (LE?) 

semiimbricata Singer, 1937: 240, 241 

Type information: USSR. Western Caucasus: In 
valley Plum, Malaja Laba, spring 1936, Vas- 
iljeva (LE?) 



FULVIDULA 

alpina Singer, 1937: 239 

Type information: USSR. Caucasus: Mt. 
Goultchi, In valle Urzuacski., July-August 
1936, Vasilieva, 

janthinosarx Singer, 1941e: 92 

Type information: USSR. Altai Mtns.: Katun, 
July 1937, Singer (LE?) 



GALERINA 



aberrans Smith & Singer, 1955e: 582 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan: Cheboygan 
County, Whitemore Lake, Mud Lake Bog, 25 
September 1933, Smith 33-1024 (MICH) 

acicola Smith Sl Singer, 1955e: 562 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Oregon: Mt. Hood National 
Forest, Little Crater Lake, 5 October 1946, 
Smith 24101 (MICH) 

agloea Smith & Singer, 1955e: 574 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Washington: Mt. Rainier 
National Park, Carbon River, 2 October 1952, 
Smith 40462 (MICH) 

aimara Singer, 1964h: 112 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, Co- 
tapata, 25 January 1956, Singer B 502 
(MICH) 

allospora Smith & Singer, 1955e: 585 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan: Cheboygan Coun- 
ty, Mud Lake Bog, 12 October 1953, Smith 
44038 (MICH) 

alpestris Singer, 1974a: 372 

HOLOTYPE: Switzerland. Valais, Glacier Lake 
below Glacier de Moiry, 14 August 1971, 
Singer 5494 (F) 

andiria Singer, 1964h: 144 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, Co- 
tapata, 25 January 1956, Singer B 509 




anelligera Smith & Singer, 19581: 475 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Idaho: Payette Lakes, South 
fork of Lake Fork, 17 September 1956, Shaf- 
fer {Smith no:) 53494 (MICH) 

angustifolia Smith & Singer, 1964h: 317 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Colorado: Lizard Head 
Pass, 10 August 1956, Smith 52000 (MICH) 



antarctica Singer, 1962d: 13 

HOLOTYPE: Antarctica. Peninsula, Costa de 
Darico, 5 January 1958, Corte L024/CE 
50.134 (lAA: Instituto Antartico Argentine, 
no longer exists). 

arenaria Singer, 1953d: 124 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Rio Grande do Sul: Pareci, 
2 November 1951, Singer B 70 (LIL) 

asteliae Singer, 1969a: 315 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Valdivia: Cordillera Pelada, 
30 April 1967, Singer M 6557 (SCO) 

austrocalyptrata Smith & Singer, 1964h: 82 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Nahuel Hua- 
pf National Park, Puerto Blest, path to Can- 
taros, 23 April 1958, Pujals & Gamundi 50 
(LIL). Isotype: MICH 

austrocalyptrata van olivaceolamellata Singer, 
1964h: 83 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Llanquihue: Puella, 21 
March 1959, Singer M 1945 (LIL) 

berteroana Singer, 1969a: 306 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Rio Negro: Nahuel 
Huapi National Park, Brazo Tristeza, 6 May 
1964, Singer M 3998 (BAFC) 

boliviana Singer, 1964h: 58 

HOLOTYPE: BoUvia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, Co- 
tapata, 28 January 1956, Singer B 628a 
(MICH) 

borealis Smith & Singer, 19581: 470 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Idaho: Granite Creek, near 
Nordman, 15 October 1956, Smith 54772 
(MICH) 

bullulifera Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 
375 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Tafi del Val- 
le, Parque Aconquija, 10 July 1949, Singer T 
600 (LIL). [Published in 1952]. 

califomica Smith & Singer, 19581: 470 

HOLOTYPE: USA. California: Trinidad, 4 De- 
cember 1956, Smith 56299 (MICH) 

cascadensis Smith & Singer, 1955e: 571 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Washington: Mt. Rainier 
National Park, 19 October 1952, Smith 41144 




castaneipes Smith & Singer, 19581: 472 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Oregon: Grants Pass, 12 
November 1956, Smith 55523 (MICH) 

castanescens Smith & Singer, 19581: 471 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Idaho: Granite Creek, Nord- 
man, 9 October 1956, Smith 54347 (MICH) 

cedretorum var. austroandina Singer, 1964h: 
281 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Rio Negro: Nahuel 
Huapi National Park , Rio Frias, path to Paso 
de los Nubes, 16 March 1959, Singer M 1849 
(LIL) 



32 



Chapter Three 



GALERINA 



cedretorum van bispora Smith & Singer, 1964h: 
280 

HOLOTYPE: Smith 56162 (MICH). Type local- 
ity not given. 

cedretorum van filiformis Smith & Singer, 1 964h: 

282 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Washington: Mt. Rainier 
National Park, near Green Lake, 17 October 

1952, Smith 41032 (MICH) 

cedretorum van variabilis Smith & Singer, 1964h: 
284 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Colorado: San Juan Mtns., 
13 August 1956, Smith 52126 (MICH) 

cerina Smith & Singer, 1955e: 563 

Type information: USA. 1188 (MICH) 

cerina var. ampullicystis Smith & Singer, 1955e: 
565 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan, 23 June 1953, 
Singer N 142 (F) 

cerina van. brachycystis Smith & Singer, 1955e: 
569 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan: Pinckney, George 
Reserve, 21 July 1933, Smith 33-606 (MICH) 

cerina var. bresadolae Smith «fe Singer, 1955e: 
568 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Washington: Mt. Rainier 
National Park, Green Lake, October 1952, 
Smith 40994 (MICH) 

cerina var. cerina f. bispora Smith & Singer, 

1955e: 565 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan: near Whitemore 
Lake, June 1951, Smith 44136 (MICH) 

cerina var. contorticystis Smith & Singer, 1955e: 
570 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan: Luce County, 
Tahquamenon Falls State Park, 17 August 

1953, Singer N 1326 (F) 

cerina van longicystis Smith & Singer, 1955e: 




HOLOTYPE: USA. Washington: Mt. Rainier 
National Park, Carbon River, Smith 40453 




cerina van luteovelata Smith & Singer, 1955e: 
566 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Washington: Olympic Na- 
tional Forest, Hoh River, 7 May 1939, Smith 
13191 (MICH) 

cerina van luteovelata f. occidentalis Smith & 
Singer, 1964h: 69 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Washington: Snoqualmie 
Pass, 26 September 1954, Smith 47903 
(MICH) 

cerina var. nebularum Smith & Singer, 1964h: 



76 



cerina var. yungensis Smith & Singer, 1964h: 
78 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, near 
Catarata, San Juan, 24 January 1956, Singer 
B 624 (MICH) 

cingulata Singer, 1964h: 218 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, Car- 
men Pampa, February, Singer B 1536 (MICH) 

cinnamomea Smith & Singer, 1958i: 473 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Oregon: Grants Pass, 10 
. November 1956, Smith 55422 (MICH) 

Columbiana Singer, 1973d: 89 

HOLOTYPE: Colombia. Boyaca: Arcabuco, 29 
July 1960, Singer B 3608 (F) 

conspicua Singer, 1969a: 318 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Rio Negro: Nahuel 
Huapi National Park, between Laguna Frias 
and Paso de las Nubes, 24 March 1963, Singer 
M 3186 (BAFC) 

coquimbensis Singer, 1969a: 310 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Coquimbo: Fray Jorge, 16 
April 1967, Singer M 6532 (SCO) 

decipiens Smith & Singer, 1955e: 577 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan: Emmet County, 
Mackinaw City Hardwoods, 7 June 1953, 
Singer N 431 (F) 

decipiens var. separans Smith & Singer, 1955e: 
579 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan: Emmet County, 
Wilderness Park, 29 July 1953, Smith 41739 
(MICH) 

dicranorum Smith & Singer, 19581: 474 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Maine: S of Sinclair, 27 Au- 
gust 1956, Bigelow 4421 (MICH) 

dimorphocystis Smith & Singer, 1955e: 558 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan: Luce County, 
Tahquamenon Falls State Park, 1953, Smith 
41401 (MICH) 

dimorphocystis var. nexapensis Singer, 1964h: 
46 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Dto. Federal,near San Pe- 
dro de Nexapa, 21 July 1957, Singer M 1566 
(MICH) 

discernibilis Singer, 1973d: 90 

HOLOTYPE: Colombia. Valle: Cali, 15 April 



1968, Singer B 6150 (F) 

ci Sineer aoud Dermis 



125 



HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, Mt, 
Uchumachi, 25 February 1956, Singer B 1471 
(MICH) 



HOLOTYPE: Venezuela. M6rida: Sierra de San- 
to Domingo, Dennis 2506 (LIL) 

elaeophylla Singer, 1969a: 312 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Santiago: Quebrada Diego, 
near Carmen, 6 July 1967, Singer M 7115 
(SCO) 

emmetensis Smith & Singer, 1955e: 580 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan: Emmet County, 
between Brutus and Pellston, June- July 1953, 
Singer N 83 (F, MICH) 



Index to Genera, Species, and Infraspecific Taxa 



33 



GALERINA 



emmetensis var. intermedia Smith & Singer, 
1955e: 581 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan: near Brutus, 6 
July 1953, Smith 41515 (MICH) 

evelata \^x, fulvipes Smith & Singer, 1964h: 86 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Washington: near Longmi- 
re, 11 October 1954, Smith 48836 (MICH) 

fallax Smith & Singer, 1955e: 561 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Smith 16239 (MICH) 

fallax f. subfiliformis Smith & Singer, 1964h: 

85 

HOLOTYPE: Canada. Quebec: Laurentide Park, 
near Mare du Sault, 2 September 1956, Smith 
61 758 (MICH) 

filiformis Smith & Singer, 1958i: 474 

HOLOTYPE: USA. California: Trinidad, 10 De- 
cember 1956, Smith 56556 (MICH) 

fuegiana Singer, 1953a: 242 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tierra del Fuego: Rio 
Grande, Estancia Nueva Argentina, 17 Feb- 
ruary 1950, Singer M 327 (LIL) 

funariae Smith & Singer, 1955e: 594 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Washington: Kalaloch, 
April, Smith 12063 (MICH) 

gamundiae Singer, 1964h: 194 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Villa La An- 
gostura, Pujols & Gamundi 366 (LIL). Dupli- 
cate material at BAFC. 

glacialis Singer, 1941e: 92 

Type information: USSR. Altai Mtns., August, 
Singer (LE?) 

hypnorum var. evelata Singer, 1946g: 146 

Type information: USA. New Hampshire: White 
Mtns., Mount Washington, August 1945, 
Singer WM-3 or WM-21 (FH). [Published in 
1948]. 

hypsizyga Singer, 1964h: 174 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Catamarca: Minas 
Capillitas, 1-3 March 1952, Singer T 1916 
(LIL) 

inconspicua Singer, 1954b: 139, 140 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Nahuel Hua- 
pi National Park, Quetrihue, 16 May 1952, 
Singer M 662 (LIL). Also published in Smith 
& Singer, 1955e: 592. 

inconspicua var. mixta Singer, 1969a: 319 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Rio Negro: Nahuel 
Huapi National Park, near Santa Maria, 19 
April 1965, Singer M 5064 (BAFC) 

inconspicua var. sublevis Singer, 1969a: 319 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Puerto Man- 
zano, 8 April 1963, Singer M 3324 (BAFC) 

infernalis Singer, 1964h: 268 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Infiernillo, 3 
January 1960, Singer B 3046 (LIL) 

jaapii Smith & Singer, 1955e: 574 

Type information: Germany. See Fungi Selecti 
Exsiccati 10, VIII, 1903 



karstenii Smith & Singer, 1964h: 319 

HOLOTYPE: Finland. 9 September 1865, Kar- 
sten (H) 

laeta Singer, 1964h: 185 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, Co- 
tapata, 28 January 1956, Singer B 626 
(MICH) 

larigna Singer, 1941e: 93 

Type information: USSR. Altai Mtns., July, 
Singer A Vasilieva (LE?) 

latispora Smith & Singer, 1955e: 591 



HOLOTYPE: USA. 




gton: Mt. Ramier 



National Park, Castle Peak, 20 September 
1952, Smith 40099 (MICH) 

latispora var. mexicana Singer, 1964h: 312 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Dto. Federal: Paso de 
Cortes, 21 July 1957, Singer M 1567 (MICH) 

leucobryicola Smith & Singer, 19581: 476 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan: Washtenaw 
County, Pinckney Recreation Area, 29 May 
1955, Smith 49533 (MICH) 

longinqua Smith & Singer, 19581: 477 

HOLOTYPE: Australia. Macquarie Island: N of 
Green Gorge, 29 March 1954, Bunt (LIL) 

luteolosperma Singer, 1955e: 570 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan: Trout Lake, 4 
October 1953, Smith 43722 (MICH) 

machangaraensis Singer, 1978h: 67 

HOLOTYPE: Ecuador. Pichincha: near Quito, 
Rio Machangara, 20 May 1973, Singer B 
7545 (F) 

macquariensis Smith & Singer, 19581: 478 

HOLOTYPE: Australia. Macquarie Island, Bunt 
1950-51 (MICH) 

mainsii Smith & Singer, 1958i: 479 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Montana: Glacier National 
Park, Logan Pass, 20 August 1941, Mains 
6116 (MICH?) 

mainsii var. tetraspora Singer, 1974a: 382 

HOLOTYPE: Switzerland. Valais, along River 
Borgne de Ferpecle, 11 July 1971, Singer C 
5471 (F) 

majalis Singer, 1989a: 116 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Illinois: Cook County, 26 
May 1984, Singer N 4121 (F) 

marthae Singer, 1969a: 309 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Valdivia: Cordillera Pelada, 
7 May 1965, Singer M 5589 (BAFC) 

megalocystis Smith & Singer, 1955e: 588 

HOLOTYPE: USA. California: Trinidad, 30 No- 
vember 1935, Parks & Smith 3680 (MICH) 

meridionalis Singer & Clemengon, 1971b: 127 

HOLOTYPE: France. Alpes maritimes: 3 km 
west of Valouris, 15 December 1970, Singer 
C 5347 (F) 

mesites Smith & Singer, 1955e: 587 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan: Emmet County, 
Mackinaw City Hardwoods, October, Smith 
44054 (MICH) 



34 



Chapter Three 



i 



GALERINA 



minor Singer, 1953d: 125 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Rio Grande do Sul: Pareci, 
2 November 1951, Singer B 65 (LIL) 

mollis Smith & Singer, 1955e: 590 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Washington: Mt. Rainier 
National Park, Green Lake, 17 October 1952, 
Smith 41074 (MICH) 

montivaga Singer, 1969a: 306 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Tafi del Val- 
le, 12 December 1958, Singer M 3161 (LIL) 

mycenoides f. mamillata Singer, 1950h: 480 

HOLOTYPE: USSR. Altai Mtns. (LE). No Latin 
diagnosis. 

nana f. bohemica Singer, 1950h: 467 

Type information: USSR. Altai Mtns. (LE). No 
Latin diagnosis. 

naucorioides Smith & Singer, 1955e: 584 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan: Marquette Coun- 
ty, Huron Mtns., September, Smith 33-995 
(MICH) 

nigripes Smith & Singer, 1958i: 480 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Oregon: McLeod, near 
Grant's Pass, 15 November 1956, Smith 55691 
(MICH) 

nordmaniana Smith & Singer, 1958i: 480 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Idaho: Granite Creek, near 
Nordman, 9 October 1956, Smith 54260 
(MICH) 

nubigena Smith & Singer, 1964h: 60 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, Cer- 
ro Uchumachi, 25 February 1956, Singer B 
1469 (MICH) 

oligocalyptrata Singer, 1989a: 117 

HOLOTYPE: Colombia. Boyaca: Arcabuco, 28 
July 1960, Singer B 3571 (F) 

oreina Smith & Singer, 1955e: 593 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Washington: Mt. Rainier 
National Park, Snow Lake, Smith 40344 
(MICH) 

papillata Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 
382 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Cerro Alto 
del Taficillo, 4 March 1951, Singer T 1375 
(LIL). [Published in 1952]. 

patagonica Singer, 1954b: 140, 141 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Nahuel Hua- 
pi, Gebiet, 16 May 1952, Singer M 677 (LIL) 

payettensis Smith & Singer, 1958i: 481 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Idaho: Payette Lakes, Lake 
Fork Creek, South Fork, 17 September 1956, 
Smith 53491 (MICH) 

peladae Singer, 1969a: 314 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Valdivia: Cordillera Pelada, 
6 May 1967, M. Singer [Singer no.] M 6735 
(SGO) 

perangusta Smith & Singer, 1958i: 482 

HOLOTYPE: USA. California: Humboldt State 
Park, 30 November 1956, Smith 56007 
(MICH) 



perrara Singer, 1962d: 16 

HOLOTYPE: Antarctica, Peninsula, Costa de 
Danco, 17 February 1961, Carte 044 (I A A: 
Instituto Antartico Argentino, no longer ex- 
ists) 

phlegmacoides Singer, 1969a: 313 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Valdivia: Cordillera Pelada, 
Chiveria, 10 May 1965, Singer M 5711 
(BAFC) 

physospora Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 
381 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Taff del Val- 
le, Parque Aconquija, 10 July 1949, Singer T 
597 (LIL). [Published in 1952]. 

polytrichorum Singer, 1964h: 194 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, Co- 
tapata, 28 January 1956, Singer B 619 
(MICH) 

praetervisa Singer, 1964h: 352 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Rincon, 18 
March 1963, Singer M 3064 (BAFC) 

proxima Singer, 1964h: 200 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tierra del Fuego, Feb- 
ruary, Singer M 187 (LIL) 

pseudocamerina var. pargoloviana Singer, 1964h: 
120 

Type information: USSR. Leningrad, 1937, 
Singer (LE). Syntype: MICH 

pseudocerina Smith & Singer, 1958i: 483 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Colorado: San Juan Mtns., 
Trout Lake, 14 August 1956, Smith 52182 
(MICH) 

pubescentipes Smith & Singer, 1964h: 320 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Idaho: Seven Devils' Mtns., 
12 September 1956, Smith 53374 (MICH) 

pucarensis Singer, 1969a: 305 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Pucard, 6 
November 1966, Singer M 6023 (BAFC) 

pulchra Smith & Singer, 1964h: 101 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Washington: Mt. Rainier 
National Park, near Green Lake, 19 October 
1952, Smith 41205 (MICH) 

quinteroensis Singer, 1969a: 316 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Valparafso: Quintero, 27 
June 1967, Singer M 7004 (SGO) 

radicellicola Singer, 1964h: 353 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Nahuel Hua- 
pi National Park, Puerto Blest, Los Cdntaros, 
23 March 1963, Singer M 3154 (BAFC) 

riparia Singer, 1953a: 249 

Type information: Argentina. Tierra del Fuego 
(LIL). No type indicated. Type may be among 
Singer's collections M 314-315, M 240 and M 
352. 

rostrata Smith & Singer, 1958i: 484 

HOLOTYPE: USA. California: Orick, Prairie 
Creek State Park, 5 December 1956, Smith 
56364 (MICH) 



Index to Genera, Species, and Infraspecific Taxa 



35 



GALERINA 



sahleri var. sequoiae Smith & Singer, 1964h: 65 

HOLOTYPE: USA. California: Orick, 3 Decem- 
ber 1935, Smith 3745 (MICH) 

saltensis Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 382 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Salta: Corralitos, 24 
March 1951, Singer T 1418 (LIL). [Published 
in 1952]. 

sanctixaverii Singer, 1973d: 91 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. TUcuman: San Javier, 
28 February 1962, Singer T 3776 (BAFC) 

semiglobata Singer, 1953d: 147 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Rio Grande do Sul: Taim- 
besinho, 5 November 1951, Singer B 100 
(LIL) 

sequoiae Singer, 1989a: 118 

HOLOTYPE: USA. California: Samuel Taylor 
Park, 6 February 1982, Mackler and others 
[Singer no.] N 5005 (F) 

simocyboides Singer, 1969a: 311 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Coquimbo: Fray Jorge, 16 
April 1967, Singer M 6529 (SCO) 

stylifera var. badia Smith & Singer, 1958i: 486 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Idaho: Kaniksu National 
Forest, Granite Creek, 6 October 1956, Smith 
54112 (MICH) 

stylifera var. caespitosa Smith & Singer, 1964h: 
134 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan: Oakland County, 
Haven Hill, Highland Recreation Area, Octo- 
ber 1951, Smith 41223 (MICH) 

stylifera var. velosa Smith & Singer, 1958i: 487 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Idaho, 1954, Smith 47201 
(MICH) 

subarctica Smith & Singer, 1964h: 54 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Alaska: near Anchorage, 9 
October 1959, Wells 1959 # 3 (MICH) 

subbadia Smith & Singer, 1955e: 572 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Oregon: Blue River, 16 Oc- 
tober 1937, Smith 7845 (MICH) 

subbullulifera Singer, 1953d: 137 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Rio Grande de Sul: Estacio 
Sao Salvador, 9 November 1951, Singer B 126 
(LIL) 

subceracea Smith & Singer, 1955e: 559 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan: Wilderness Park, 
7 October 1953, Smith 43847 (MICH) 

subcerina Smith & Singer, 1958i: 485 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Maine: Aroostook County, 
near Guerette, 25 August 1956, Bigelow 4379 




subglabripes Smith & Singer, 1955e: 589 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Washington: Mt. Rainier 
National Park, Carbon River, 2 October 1952, 
Smith 40459 (MICH) 

subpapillata Singer & Dennis, 1964h: 221 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, Car- 
men Pampa, 17 February 1956, Singer B 1240 
(LIL) 




subtibiicystis Singer, 1953d: 146 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Rfo Grande do Sul: Taim- 
besinho, 5 November 1951, Singer B 102 
(LIL) 

subtruncata Smith & Singer, 1958i: 486 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Washington: Mt. Rainier 
National Park, St. Andrew's Creek, 24 Sep- 
tember 1952, Smith 40199 (MICH) 

taimbesinhoensis Singer, 1953d: 148 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Rio Grande do Sul: Taim- 
besinho, 5 November 1951, Singer B 101 
(LIL) 

tatrensis Singer, 1989a: 118 

HOLOTYPE: Czechoslovakia. Slovakia: Skal- 
nate Pleso, 5 September 1974, Singer C 5881 
(F) 

Hna Smith & Singer, 1955e: 595 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan: Luce County, 
Tahquamenon Falls State Park, 1 1 September 

1953, Smith 42589 (MICH) 

triscopa f. longicystis Smith & Singer, 1958i: 
489 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Idaho: Payette Lakes, 30 

August 1954, Bigelow [Smith no.] 47110 
(MICH) 

triscopa var. tetrascopa Smith & Singer, 1964h: 
105 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan, Smith 42157 
(MICH) 

tsugae Smith & Singer, 1955e: 586 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan: Cheboygan Coun- 
ty, Mud Lake Bog, Smith 44070 (MICH) 

tundrae Smith & Singer, 1955e: 584 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Washington: Mt. Rainier 
National Park, below Gobler's Knob, 12 Oc- 





tober 1952, Smith 

turfosa Smith & Singer, 1955e: 560 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan: Whitemore Lake, 
September 1933, Smith 33-1101 (MICH) 

uchumachiensis Singer, 1964h: 150 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, Cer- 
ro Uchumachi, 25 February 1956, Singer B 
1470 (MICH) 

velutipes Singer, 1964h: 284 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Misiones: Puerto Igua- 
zii, 12 April 1957, Singer M 932 (LIL) 

vexans Smith & Singer, 1955e: 583 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan, Pt. Aux Chenes 
and Wilderness Park, Smith 42824 (MICH) 

viatica Singer, 1964h: 231 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, Car- 
men Pampa, 17 February 1956, Singer B 1247 
(LIL) 

victoriae Singer, 1954b: 140 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Nahuel Hua- 
pi National Park, Isla Victoria, 17 May 1952, 

Singer M 710 (LIL) 



36 



Chapter Three 



GALERINA 



vinaceobrunnea Smith & Singer, 1955e: 573 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan: Burt Lake, Mil- 
ler's Bog, 23 September 1949, Smith 34149 
(MICH) 

vittaeformis var. albescens Smith & Singer, 1964h: 
333 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Smith 40128 (MICH) 

vittaeformis f. bispora Smith & Singer, 1964h: 



alutaceum Singer, 




: 155 




HOLOTYPE: USA. Washington: Mt. Rainier 
National Park, 30 September 1952, Smith 
40340 (MICH) 

vittaeformis var. pachyspora Smith & Singer, 
1958i: 488 

HOLOTYPE: Australia. Macquarie Island: West 
Point, 31 March 1953, Bunt (LIL, MICH) 

vittaeformis var. subannulata Singer, 1953a: 
246 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tierra del Fuego: Rio 
Grande, Estancia Nueva Argentina, 22 Feb- 
ruary 1950, Singer M 429 (LIL) 

yungicola Singer, 1964h: 114 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, Co- 
roico, 5 February 1956, Singer B 932 (MICH) 



GALEROPSIS 

andina Singer, 1963c: 107 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Mendoza: San Carlos, 
Arroyo de Cruz de Piedras, 20 January 1941, 
Ruiz Leal 7287 (Ruiz Leal's herbarium). A du- 
plicate of the holotype in BAFC. 

andina var. gracilior Singer, 1963c: 107 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Mendoza: San Carlos, 
Laguna del Diamante, 20 January 1941, Ruiz 
Leal 7233 (Ruiz Leal's herbarium) 




fascifer Singer & Smith, 1964j: 310 

HOLOTYPE: Zimbabwe. Umtali District, 28 
May 1961, Chase 7549 (K) 

laricinus Singer & Both, 1977b: 60 

HOLOTYPE: USA. New York: Olcott, 1 Octo- 
ber 1975, Both 1858 (BUF). Isotype: FH 



GERRONEMA Singer, 1951b: 599 

Type species: Gerronema melanomphax Singer 
albogriseolum Singer, 1989a: 13 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas, Road Manaus- 
Caracarai, km 125, 20 July 1978, Singer B 





alexandri Singer, 1961b: 51 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan: Luce County, 
near Tahquamenon Falls, 23 June 1953, Sing- 
er N 127 (F) 



HOLOTYPE: Switzerland. Singer C 5116 (F). 
Isotype: LAU 

angustifolium Singer, 1959b: 379 

HOLOTYPE: USA, Florida: Dade County, Mi- 
ami, Brickell Hammock, 25 October 1942, 
Singer F 1285 (FH) 

bethlehemicum Singer, 1989a: 14 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Para: Belem, 10 June 1966, 
Singer B 4274 (BAFC) 

brunneum Singer, 1964e: 78 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, 23 
February 1956, Singer B 1399 (BAFC) 

bryogeton Singer, 1961b: 50 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, Ca- 
men Pampa, 1 February 1956, Singer B 811 
(LIL) 

calongei Singer, 1970a: 67 

HOLOTYPE: Colombia. Valle: Municipalidad 
Dagua, 14 April 1968, Singer B 6122 (F) 

candidum Singer, 1989a: 14 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas, Road Manaus- 
Caracarai, km 45, 10 August 1978, Singer B 
11372 (INPA) 

cheilocystidiatum Singer, 1970a: 68 

HOLOTYPE: Colombia. Valle: between Cisne- 
ros and Cordoba, 23 April 1968, Singer B 
6300 (F) 

collybiomorphum Singer, 1978b: 155 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: 30 km N of 
Manaus, 18 May 1977, Singer B 9662 (INPA) 

costaricense Singer, 1989a: 15 

HOLOTYPE: Costa Rica. Heredia, above San 
Jose de la Montaiia, 29 June 1981, Singer B 
12520 (F) 

cotapatae Singer, 1964e: 87 '■ 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, 2 
February 1956, Singer B 821 (BAFC) 

daguense Singer, 1989a: 15 

HOLOTYPE: Colombia. Valle: Corr. El Vergel, 
14 April 1960, Singer B 6123 (F) 

dennisii Singer, 1964e: 81 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, 9 
February 1956, Singer B 1056 

9 

depauperatum Singer, 1951b: 601 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tbcuman: Santa Rosa, 
Along Rio de las Pavas, 17 December 1950, 
Singer T 1067 (LIL) 

elasticum Singer, 1951b: 599 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Anta Muer- 
ta, 19 December 1949, Singer T 786 (LIL) 

elasticum ssp. amazonicum Singer, 1964e: 63 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. El Beni: Vaca Diez, 14 
March 1956, Singer B 1978 (BAFC) 

flammeum Singer, 1989a: 16 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas, Road Manaus- 
Caracarai, km 106, 4 April 1978, Singer B 
10916 (INPA) 




Index to Genera, Species, and Infraspecific Taxa 



37 



GERRONEMA 



hypolepargum Singer, 1978h: 9 

HOLOTYPE: Ecuador Tungurahua: Rio Verde, 
28 April 1973, Singer B 7162 (F) 

infundibuliforme Singer, 1964e: 79 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Rio Grande do Sul: Gua- 
pore, Guajaramirim, 10 March 1956, Singer B 
1803 (BAFC) 

josserandii Singer, 1961b: 49 

HOLOTYPE: Netherlands. Terschelling, 16 July 
1955, Jansen s.n. (L) 

laccarioides Singer, 1989a: 16 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: Manaus, 12 
June 1977, Singer B 9936 (INPA) 

leptosarcum Singer, 1964e: 61 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. El Beni: Vaca Diez, 6 
March 1956, Singer B 1602 (BAFC) 

majus Singer, 1964e: 64 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. Pando: Madre de Dios, 5 
April 1956, Singer B 2495 (BAFC) 

marchantiae Singer & Clemen^on, 1971b: 119 
HOLOTYPE: Switzerland. Valais: near the 
Borgne de Ferpecle, 11 July 1971, Singer C 
5445 (F) 

mariae Singer, 1989a: 17 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: Manaus, 25 
April 1978, Souza [Singer no.] B 10997 
(INPA) 

melanomphax Singer, 1951b: 602 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: near Los So- 
sas, 1 January 1951, Singer T 1094 (LIL) 

melleum Singer & Clemen^on, 1971b: 120 

HOLOTYPE: Switzerland. Valais: near the 
Borgne de Ferpecle, 11 July 1971, Singer C 
5453 (F) 

miniitissimum Singer, 1969a: 52 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Llanquihue: Puella, 22 
March 1959, Singer M 1998 (BAFC) 

moseri Singer, 1983a: 277 

HOLOTTPE: Austria. Vienna: Prater, 2 October 
1904, von Hohnel (FH) 

pantoxanthum Singer, 1989a: 17 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: 30 km N of 
Manaus, 25 May 1977, Singer B 9713 (INPA) 

schusteri Singer, 1972a: 178 

HOLOTYPE: Antarctica. Anvers Island, Norsel 
Point, February 1969, Schuster 69-3031 (BPI) 

subpallidum Singer, 1959b: 378 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Rio de los 
Sosas, 1 March 1956, Singer T 2248 (LIL) 

sucrense Singer, 1989a: 18 

HOLOTYPE: Venezuela. Sucre, 9 km N of road 
Rincon-Carupano-El Palar, 6 July 1972, Du- 
mont and others VE 4018 (NY) 

theophili Singer, 1973d: 14 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Veracruz, 7 km S of Es- 
tacion Biologica de las Tuxtlas, 21 June 1969, 



xanthodictyon Singer, 1964e: 65 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. El Beni: Vaca Diez, 7 
April 1956, Singer B 2546 (BAFC) 

yalae Singer, 1989a: 18 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Jujuy: Lagunas de 
Yala, 11 February 1965, Singer T 4011 (F) 



GLOEOCANTHARELLUS Singer, 1945c: 140 



Type species: Cantharellus purpiirascens Hes- 
ler 



GLOIOCEPHALA 



allomorpha Singer, 1976a: 290 

HOLOTYPE: Colombia. Valle: Corr. El Vergel, 
Municip. Dagua, km 25 N of Dagua road, 28 
April 1968, Singer B 6451 (F) 

alvaradoi Singer, 1976a: 300 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Jujuy: Lagunas de 
Yala, 9 February 1965, Singer T 3909 (F) 

anastomosans Singer, 1976a: 303 

HOLOTYPE: Ecuador. Napo: Shushufindi, 13 
May 1973, Singer B 7392 (F) 

capillata Singer, 1976a: 285 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Chiapas: between Finca 
Sospiro and El Pozo, 4 August 1969, Singer 
M 8979A (F) 

cinnamomea Singer, 1976a: 289 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Chiapas: between Finca 
Sospiro and El Pozo, 4 August 1969, Singer 
M 8971 (F) 

confiisa Singer, 1960f: 269, 278 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Rio de Janeiro: Angra dos 
Reis, 1 October 1952, Singer B 426 (F) 

culmicola Singer, 1989a: 66 

HOLOTYPE: Ecuador. Pastaza: near road Am- 
bato-Puyo, 24 July 1975, Dumont EC 1424 
(NY) 

inobasis Singer, 1960f: 263, 277 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia, Pando: Madre de Dios, 
Santa Teresa, 21 July 1956, Singer B 2296 
(LIL) 

lamellosa Singer, 1960f: 265, 278 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, Car- 
men Pampa, 26 February 1956, Singer B 





Singer M 8121 (F) 



longicrinita Singer, 1976a: 286 

HOLOTYPE: Colombia. Valle: Cali, Buenaven- 
tura, San Joaquin, 22 April 1968, Singer B 
6282 (F) 

longifimbriata Singer, 1960f: 266, 278 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. T\icuman: Sierra de 
San Javier, Ciudad Universitaria towards Es- 
tancia San Javier, 9 January 1960, Singer T 
3520 (LIL) 



38 



Chapter Three 



The following text is generated from uncorrected OCR. 



[Begin Page: Cover] 



[Begin Page: Text] 



UNIVERSITY OF 



ILLINOIS LIBRARY 



AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN 



BIOLOGY 



'2(101 



[Begin Page: Text] 



[Begin Page: Text] 



[Begin Page: Text] 



SER 

Vlycological Contributions of Roif Singer: 
Fieid Itinerary, Index to New Taxa, 
ind List of Publications 

Gregory M. Mueller and Qiuxin Wu, Editors 

February 28, 1997 
Publication 1482 

PUBLISHED BY FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY 



[Begin Page: Text] 



utors to Ficldiana 



Referee "n full. V 



Vol. 2. Tl 



'.til. Polyp 



IHust e text (not 



This paper meets the requirements of ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1 992 (Permanence of Paper). 



[Begin Page: Title Page] 

FIELDIANA 

Botany 

NEW SERIES, NO. 38 

Mycoiogicai Contributions of Rolf Singer: 
Field Itinerary, Index to New Taxa, 
and List of Publications 

Gregory M. Mueller and Qiuxin Wu, Editors 

Department of Botany 
Field Museum of Natural History 
Roosevelt Road at Lake Shore Drive 
Chicago, Illinois 60605-2496 

T>iE LIBRARY OF THE 
1 9 1 997 

Accepted December 6, 1995 
Published February 28, 1997 



Publication 1482 



PUBLISHED BY FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY 



[Begin Page: Text] 

1997 Field Museum of Natural History 

ISSN 0015-0746 

PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 



[Begin Page: Page iii] 



Contents 



Introduction and Acknowledgments v 



Contributors vi 



1 . Summary of Rolf Singer's Contributions to Mycology 1 



Gregory M. Mueller and Qiuxin Wu 



2. The Field Itinerary of Rolf Singer 9 



Betty A. Strack and Gregory M. Mueller 



3. An Index to Genera, Species, and Infraspecific Taxa of 13 
Basidiomycete Fungi Described by Rolf Singer 

Qiuxin Wu, Gregory M. Mueller, and Clark L. Ovrebo 

4. The Publications of Rolf Singer 101 

Gregory M. Mueller, Qiuxin Wu, James H. Ginns, and 
Scott A. Redhead 

Index to Genera 113 

Index to Species 1 15 



111 



[Begin Page: Page iv] 



Illustrations 



1. Rolf Singer 2 



2. Books and bound publications of Rolf Singer 3 



3. Number of publications of Rolf Singer by age 3 



4. Genera in which Singer and associates described at least 40 



new taxa 3 



5. Geographic distribution of Singer's type specimens 4 



6. Herbaria with iarge holdings of Singer's type specimens 4 



Tables 



1 . List of new genera published by Rolf Singer 5 



2. Type localities and numbers of Singer's new taxa 6 



3. Herbaria with holdings of Singer's type specimens 7 



4. Rolf Singer's fieldwork, by country and year 1 1 



5. Itinerary of Rolf Singer's fieldwork since 1 941 1 1 



IV 



[Begin Page: Page v] 



Introduction and Acknowledgments 



Rolf Singer, 1 906-1 994, was one of the most influential figures in the 



history of mycology. This volume summarizes many of his con- 
tributions to the study of fungi. Chapter 1 provides information on his 
research program, and Chapter 2 presents his field itinerary. Much of this 
volume consists of an index to all of the genera, species, and infraspecific 
taxa described by Singer (2,452 specific and infraspecific epithets distrib- 
uted in 246 genera). This index includes information on the type specimen, 
place of deposition, and a literature citation for the type description. The 
index is followed by a bibliography of his 439 publications. 

The authors wish to extend their heartfelt thanks to the following people: 
Michael Huft for creating the program to convert our dBase records into 
WordPerfect files; Gail Kushino for help in searching for literature, proof- 
reading, photocopying, and other miscellaneous but essential tasks; Eliz- 
abeth Moore for keying in data and helping assemble the field itinerary; 
Martha Singer and Meinhard Moser for checking the bibliography; and the 
librarians at the Field Museum and the Gray and Farlow libraries at Har- 
vard University. We also wish to thank the three anonymous reviewers 
whose careful reading of this manuscript greatly improved its quality. 



[Begin Page: Page vi] 



Contributors 



Gregory M. Mueller Department of Botany, Field Museum of Natural History, 
Roosevelt Road at Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605-2496 

Qiuxin Wu Department of Botany, Field Museum of Natural History, Roosevelt 



Road at Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605-2496 

Betty A. Strack Department of Botany, Field Museum of Natural History, Roose- 
velt Road at Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605-2496 

Clark L. Ovrebo Department of Botany, University of Central Oklahoma, Ed- 
mond, Oklahoma 73034-0177 

James H. Ginns Crop Protection Program, Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research 
Centre, Research Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, 
Ontario, K1A0C6 

Scott A. Redhead Crop Protection Program, Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Re- 
search Centre, Research Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 
Ottawa, Ontario, K1 A 0C6 



VI 



[Begin Page: Page 1] 

Summary of Rolf Singer's Contributions to Mycology 

Gregory M. Mueller 
Qiuxin Wu 

Rolf Singer, 1906-1994 (Fig. 1), was one of 
the most influential figures in the history of 



mycology. This brief cliapter distills the collec- 
tions of facts presented in the rest of this volume 
in an attempt to synthesize the impact that Rolf 
Singer had on our knowledge of fungi. Two in- 
teresting works by Martha Singer, Rolf's wife and 
companion of 60 years, provide additional infor- 
mation on his life (M. Singer, 1 979, 1 984). Sev- 
eral memorials on Rolf Singer have also been 
published (e.g., Mueller, 1994, 1995; M. Singer, 
1994). These papers provide the historical back- 
drop to the discussions presented below. 

While the bulk of Singer's papers dealt with the 
systematics of Agaricales and related taxa, he also 
profoundly influenced our knowledge of myco- 
geography, fungal ecology, and ethnomycology. 
Contributions to these four topics make up the 
vast majority of his 439 papers and books (Fig. 
2). However, he also published on other topics, 
including fossil fungi (Singer, 1957e, 1958J, 
1990f), polypores (Singer, 194 la, 1943d, 1944b), 
human pathogens (Singer, 1955g, 1958q), and 
mountaineering (Singer, 1942e, f)- (Complete ci- 
tations to the papers cited here may be found in 
Chapter 4.) Singer's first five papers were pub- 
lished in 1 922, when he was 1 6 years old. He 
continued publishing at an impressive pace for the 
next 70 years (Fig. 3). 



During his career, Singer lield academic posi- 
tions on tliree continents and traveled extensively 
throughout the Americas, Europe, and parts of 
Asia. He also made one trip to North Africa. A 
detailed itinerary of his collecting expeditions, 
along with a listing of the countries in which he 
undertook fieldwork, appears in Chapter 2. These 
travels left a lasting impression on Singer and pro- 
vided him with a unique perspective. He devel- 
oped an unequaled, worldwide knowledge of the 
Agaricales, and this, coupled with his keen mind 
and sharp eye, made him uniquely qualified to 
influence mycology. 

Systematics and Nomenclature 

Singer is probably best known for his impact 
on the systematics and nomenclature of Agari- 
cales and related taxa. His monumental The Agar- 
icales in Modern Taxonomy (Singer, 1986a) has 
appeared in four editions and is almost universally 
used as the "accepted" classification of mush- 
rooms and their relatives. His monographs and re- 
visions are often the only modern treatment for 
many genera. 

Singer's role in documenting fungal biodiver- 



sity is also unequaled, and he revolutionized what 
we know about Agaricales in South and Central 
America. Seventy-four of the 230 genera included 
in the fourth edition of The Agaricales in Modern 
Taxonomy, or nearly a third of the accepted gen- 
era, were proposed by Singer and his colleagues. 
He also proposed genera in families not treated in 
The Agaricales in Modern Taxonomy, bringing 
the total new genera to 82 (Table 1 ). Additionally, 
he published 2,452 specific and infraspecific epi- 
thets distributed in 246 genera (Fig. 4). Type lo- 
calities for these new taxa occur in 56 countries 
or possessions (Table 2). However, 85% of them 
were originally described from the Americas, with 
Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mex- 
ico, and the United States together accounting for 
75% (Fig. 5). Holotypes of these new taxa are 
housed in 40 herbaria throughout the world (Table 

Singer's Contributions to Mycology 1 



[Begin Page: Page 2] 

Figure 1 . Rolf Singer proofreading manuscript pages of the 4th edition of The Agaricales in Modern Taxonomy 
in his office at the Field Museum of Natural History, circa 1985. (Courtesy of Field Museum of Natural History.) 

3). Most of the specimens, however, can be found 



in a relatively few herbaria (Fig. 6). Chapter 3 
consists of an index to the genera, species, and 
infraspecific taxa described by Singer. This index 
includes information on the type specimen, place 
of deposition, and a literature citation for the type 
description. 

Singer also influenced the systematics com- 
munity through his work on botanical nomencla- 
ture. He attended most of the International Botan- 
ical Congresses from the 1950s on, and he was a 
long-standing member of the Nomenclature Com- 
mittee. His publications on the subject ranged from 
proposals for conservation of names (e.g.. Singer, 
1946b, 1961J, 1967g) to major discussions of the 
implications of rule changes (e.g., 1 948e, 1 9501 , 
1960g, 1965g, 1983d, 1984e, 1986b, f, 1987d). 

Ecology 

Singer's contributions to our knowledge of the 
biogeography and ecology of fungi were also ex- 
tremely significant. His publications in these areas 

were often the first, or among the first, investi- 
gations on the subject. He and his colleagues pro- 
duced ground-breaking studies on the occurrence 
and importance of mycorrhizae in various forest 



types in temperate and tropical Soutli America 
(e.g., Singer, 1959J, 1960k, 1963i, 1964g, 1971c, 
1 983f, 1 989d). His work aiong tine Amazon and 
Rio Negro in Brazil helped document the different 
forest types in the region and the role of fungi in 
the health and functioning of these systems 
(1 978e, 1 984b, c, 1 986c, 1 988c). He also carried 
out one of the first detailed community analysis 
studies on mushrooms in the Americas (Singer, 
19651). Although he published few papers dealing 
solely with biogeography (e.g.. Singer, 1955h, 
1967f, 1988f), he included information on bio- 
geography in many of his monographs and re- 
gional treatments. 

Ethnomycology and Mushroom 
Cultivation 

Singer's mycological interests also included 
hallucinogenic and edible fungi. He played an ac- 

Chapter One 



[Begin Page: Page 3] 

Figure 2. Books and bound publications of Rolf Singer, as displayed during his 80th birthday testimonial dinner 
at the Field Museum of Natural History in 1986. (Courtesy of Field Museum of Natural History.) 



Pluteus 
Mycena 

Marasmius 

(arasmlellus 

Hydcopus 

Galerina 

Crinlpellis 

Crepidolus 

Conocybe 

Clitocybe 

1411 

2971 

Figure 3. Number of publications of Rolf Singer by 
age. Singer's first scientific publications appeared in 
1 922, when he was 1 6 years old. This publishing effort 



peaked in his late 40s and early 50s, when he published 
1 03 works in a span of 1 years. In total, Singer pub- 
lished 439 scientific papers or books. 

Figure 4. Genera in which Singer and associates de- 
scribed at least 40 new taxa. Singer and associates de- 
scribed 2,452 specific and infraspecific taxa. These were 
classified into 246 genera. He described 40 or more taxa 
in 1 1 of these genera, which account for 50% of his new 
taxa. 

Singer's Contributions to Mycology 



[Begin Page: Page 4] 

Figure 5. Geographic distribution of Singer's type 
specimens. Type localities for Singer's new taxa occur 
in 58 countries or areas. Over 85% of these taxa were 
described from North, Central, and South America, with 
Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, 
and the United States accounting for 75%. Descriptions 
of 1.1% of the taxa do not include data on the country 
of origin. 

tive role in the identification of the hallucinogenic 
fungi used in Mexico and in subsequent physio- 
logical, ecological, and cultural studies of these 



fungi (e.g., Singer, 1957f, 1958li, r). Oilier papers 
on hallucinogenic fungi include Singer, 1959h, 
1960J, and 1978g. He also was active in the study 
of the cultivation and utilization of edible mush- 
rooms (e.g.. Singer, 1961g, 19641, 1987a). 

A summary of his publications does not fully 
document the impact that Rolf Singer had on my- 
cology. He was an active correspondent, and he 
responded promptly to the numerous requests for 
assistance and information. Numerous mycolo- 
gists had the pleasurable and rewarding experi- 
ence of working with him in the field, and he 
facilitated the research of many mycologists, bot- 
anists, and zoologists working in the Nootropics. 

His presence in mycology will live on through 
the incredible legacy that he left for us. We hope 
that the contributions included in this volume will 
help current and future mycologists tap this 
wealth of information. 



"400 



200 



100 

BAFCINPA MICH SCO 
Herbaria Housing Singer's Type 

Figure 6. Herbaria witii large holdings of Singer's 
type specimens. Singer's holotypes are preserved in 40 
herbaria throughout the world. He consistently deposited 
type material in the institution where he was working. 
In some cases, parts of the holotype or paratypic mate- 
rial for South American material are also housed in F, 
FH, K, or MICH. Although Singer's holotypes are scat- 
tered throughout the world, most are concentrated in the 
herbaria shown in this figure. 

Literature Cited 

Holmgren, P. K., N. H. Holmgren, and L. C. Barnett. 
1990. Index Herbariorum. Part I: The Herbaria of the 
World, 8th ed. New York Botanical Garden, 693 pp. 

Mueller, G. M. 1994. Rolf Singer's mycological legacy. 
Mcllvainea, 11 (2): 7-9. 

Mueller, G. M. 1995. Rolf Singer, 1906-1994. Mycol- 



ogia, 87: 144-147. 

Singer, M. 1979. Glancing back. Beilieft Sydowia, 8: 
14-25. 

Singer, M. 1984. Mycologists and Other Taxa. J. Cramer, 
Braunschweig, Germany, 120 pp. 

Singer, M. 1994. In memoriam Rolf Singer. Mcllvainea, 
11 (2): 4-6. 

Chapter One 



[Begin Page: Page 5] 



TABLE 1 . List of new genera published by Rolf Singer. 



Singer's Contributions to Mycology 



[Begin Page: Page 6] 



TABLE 1 . Continued. 



* See Chapter 4, this volume, for complete citations. 



TABLE 2. Type localities and numbers of Singer's new taxa. 



Chapter One 



[Begin Page: Page 7] 

TABLE 3. Herbaria with holdings of Singer's type specimens. 51 

* When two herbaria are cited in Singer's publication, both are counted as having the type specimen. Herbarium 

abbreviations are from Index Herbariorum (Holmgren et al., 1990). 

t Most are pre-1958, before designation of type specimen was mandatory. 

Singer's Contributions to Mycology 



[Begin Page: Page 8] 



[Begin Page: Page 9] 

The Field Itinerary of Rolf Singer 

Betty A. Strack 
Gregory M. Mueller 

Rolf Singer maintained an incredibly active 



fieldwork program, with mycological col- 
lecting trips undertaken to many areas of North, 
Central, and South America, Europe, and Japan 
throughout his career. Because of the complexity 
of his field program and because he deposited 
specimens at the herbaria where he was working, 
we felt his field itinerary would be useful to doc- 
ument when and where he collected. Table 4 lists 
the countries where Singer undertook fieldwork, 
and his field itinerary is given in Table 5. 

Until 1941 Rolf Singer collected fungi in var- 
ious parts of Europe and Asian Soviet Union. He 
began gathering mushrooms as a boy in the for- 
ests around his parents' home in the small village 
of Schliersee in southern Germany. From 1928 to 
1931 he primarily collected in Austria while he 
was studying for his Ph.D. at the University of 
Vienna. He also undertook the first mycological 
expeditions to the western part of the Caucasus 
Mountains in 1928 and 1929. In 1934 he moved 
to Spain, then France, collecting fungi in both 
countries. Singer then lived in the Soviet Union 
(1935-1940), where he undertook mycological 
trips around Leningrad (St. Petersburg) and ex- 
peditions to the Caucasus and Altai Mountains, 
Siberia, and Karelia. 

Singer moved to the United States in 1941 and 



worked at the Farlow Herbarium at Harvard Uni- 
versity until 1948. In addition to collecting in the 
northeastern United States, Singer became ac- 
quainted with subtropical fungi while carrying out 
fieldwork in southern Florida. From 1948 to 1968 
Singer held positions in Tucuman and Buenos Ai- 
res, Argentina, and Santiago, Chile. In addition to 
collecting throughout Argentina and Chile, he un- 
dertook fieldwork during this time in Bolivia, Bra- 
zil, Colombia, Peru, and Uruguay, as well as in 
Mexico, the United States, and several countries 
in Europe, including Austria, the Netherlands, and 
Sweden. After moving to Chicago in 1968, Singer 
continued an intensive field schedule in South 
America (including Amazonian Brazil), Europe 
(especially Czechoslovakia, Austria, and Switzer- 
land), Mexico, and the United States, and he start- 
ed fieldwork in Costa Rica and Japan. Other plac- 
es where Singer collected in more recent years 
included Puerto Rico, Honduras, and Morocco. 

Table 5 lists most of Singer's fieldwork itiner- 
ary from 1941 to 1992. Data in Table 5 were ob- 
tained from his field notebooks and from label 
data of Singer collections housed at F (herbarium 
abbreviations follow Holmgren et al., 1990). In- 
formation before 1941 was either lacking or too 



difficult to accurateiy interpret. In addition to pro- 
viding a historical record, Table 5 lists the time 
when he was in the field by year, to help readers 
locate the herbaria in which he deposited speci- 
mens from specific localities, and by month of 
each year, to provide information on seasonality 
of fruiting. Since Singer routinely deposited spec- 
imens in the institution of the country in which 
he was working, information on the countries 
where he collected may help researchers locate 
herbaria most likely to have Singer specimens in 
its holdings. In other cases, he deposited his col- 
lections at his home institution. For example, 
specimens from Singer's 1977 and 1978 Amazon 
expeditions in Brazil are located in Manaus, Bra- 
zil, at INPA, whereas many of Singer's specimens 
collected in 1974 in Czechoslovakia are housed 
in Chicago at F, his home institution. Holotypes 
of taxa described by Singer are preserved in 40 
herbaria worldwide (see Table 3, page 7). 

The Field Itinerary of Rolf Singer 



[Begin Page: Page 10] 

Some countries (e.g., Argentina, Brazil, and the 
United States) are subdivided into smaller areas 



in Table 5 because these large countries have di- 
verse habitats and may have Singer collections In 
more than one herbarium. Most of his collections 
from subtropical Argentina and Brazil are depos- 
ited In LIL and BAFC, while specimens from 
temperate Argentina are primarily In BAFC. Most 
tropical Brazilian specimens are housed at INPA. 

Many of Singer's collections were made on lo- 
cal day excursions from his then current home. 
The parts of the countries where Singer had ex- 
tended residences along with his home Institutions 
are presented here. These are southern Germany 
(until 1928, and from 1931 to 1933); Vienna, 
Austria (W, 1928-1931 and 1933); Barcelona, 
Spain (BCB, 1934-1935), and Pahs, France (PC, 
1935); Leningrad, USSR (LE, 1935-1940); Cam- 
bridge, Massachusetts, USA (FH, 1941-1948); 
Tucuman, Argentina (LIL, 1948-1961); Buenos 
Aires, Argentina (BAFC, 1961-1967); Santiago, 
Chile (SGO, 1967); Manaus, Brazil (INPA, 1977- 
1979); and Chicago, USA (F, 1968-1994). Rec- 
ords of these local collecting trips, especially the 
earlier ones (e.g., Massachusetts area. United 
States, from 1941 to 1948), may not be listed In 
Table 5. 

Rolf Singer used what at first appears to be a 
complicated numbering system for his collections. 



However, if one understands the system, it is usu- 
ally possible to predict where his collections 
might be housed. He organized his collections and 
corresponding field notebooks by numbers with 

an assigned letter prefix. These letters correspond 
to the general areas where he collected, which in 
turn are related to where the collections might 
have been deposited. For the most part, the letters 
representing specific areas, with the most likely 
herbaria for housing those collections given in pa- 
rentheses, are: A = Asia (low numbers at W, high 
numbers at F); B = tropical South America (LIL, 
BAFC, INPA, F); C = Europe (low numbers in 
European herbaria, high numbers mostly at F); F 
= Florida, USA (mostly at FH); M = Mexico and 
southern South America (LIL, BAFC, SGO, some 
at F); N = North America except Florida and 
Mexico (MICH and F); S = Buenos Aires region, 
Argentina (LIL, BAFC); and T = subtropical 
South America, Tucuman region, Argentina (LIL, 
BAFC, few at F). He used four additional small 
series of numbers: MA = Mexico (F), H = Ha- 
waii, USA (F), V = Virginia, USA (FH), and W 
= White Mountains, New Hampshire, USA (FH). 
Herbarium abbreviations are from Index Herba- 
riorum (Holmgren et al., 1990). 



Even though this itinerary remains incompiete, 
over 50 years of Roif Singer's diverse fieid pro- 
gram is presented here. This compiiation provides 
information on the geographic breadth of his col- 
lections and taxonomic work. 

Literature Cited 

Holmgren, P. K., N. H. Holmgren, and L. C. Barnett. 
1990. Index Herbariorum. Part I: The Herbaria of the 
World, 8th ed. New York Botanical Garden, 693 pp. 

10 Chapter Two 



[Begin Page: Page 11] 

TABLE 4. Rolf Singer's fieldwork, by country and 
year. 

Country 

Year(s) 

Argentina 1948-1952, 1955-1966, 1969, 

1988-1990 



Austria 1928-1931, 1960, 1964, 1970, 



1976, 1979, 1985, 1987 



Bolivia 1956 



Brazil 1951, 1952, 1956, 1957, 1960, 



1961, 1964, 1966, 1977-1981, 



1983, 1985 



Canada 1984 



Chile 1963, 1965, 1967 



Colombia 1960, 1968 



Costa Rica 1 981 , 1 983, 1 984, 1 986, 1 989 



Czechoslovakia 1970, 1974, 1979 



Denmark 1964 



Ecuador 1973 



France 1935?, 1970, 1971 



Germany Until 1928, 1931-1933, 1970, 1987 



Great Britain 1960,1970,1971 



Honduras 1991 



Iceiand 1985 



Itaiy 1970 



Japan 1983, 1984 



Mexico 1957, 1969, 1982, 1988 



Morocco 1 992 



Tine Netlieriands 1960 



Norway 1 964 



Peru 1958 



Portugal 1961 



Puerto Rico 1987 



Spain 1934, 1961, 1979 



Sweden 1964 



Switzerland 1964, 1970, 1971, 1976, 1980, 1984 



Uruguay 1952, 1965, 1966 



USA 1941-1947, 1953, 1958, 1968-1976, 



1979-1992 



USSR 1928, 1929, 1935-1940 



Yugoslavia 1970 



The Field Itinerary of Rolf Singer 1 1 



[Begin Page: Page 12] 

TABLE 5. Continued 

TABLE 5. Continued 

* Some USA localities are not included in this itiner- 
ary. 

12 Chapter Two 



[Begin Page: Page 13] 

An Index to Genera, Species, and Infraspecific Taxa 
of Basidiomycete Fungi Described by Rolf Singer 

Qiuxin Wu 

Gregory M, Mueller 

Clark L. Ovrebo 

In the following index, genus, species, variety, 
and form names published by Rolf Singer are 
listed alphabetically with literature citations and 
type specimen information. This index is intended 
to treat specimen-based taxa that Singer described 
in the literature. New genus names are included. 
New combinations, nomina nova, and supraspe- 
cific names are not listed here. Literature citations 
(i.e., year and a suffix: page number e.g., 1969a: 
319) correspond to the listings in Chapter 4, 
where full citations are given. Holotype informa- 
tion, including type locality, date, collector, col- 
lection number, and herbarium of deposit, is from 
Singer's original publications. In the few cases of 
discrepancies found between Singer's publica- 
tions, we consulted his unpublished field note- 
books and appended a short note or discussion to 



the listing. Many of Singer's taxa were described 
before enforcement of certain rules by the Inter- 
national Code of Botanical Nomenclature (i.e., 1 
January 1935 for Latin diagnosis and 1 January 
1 958 for typification). Taxa described after 1 935 
without a Latin diagnosis are annotated with "no 
Latin diagnosis." Some taxa described before 
1 958 have data on the geographic origin of the 
type specimens but do not have a designated ho- 
lotype. These data are presented following "Type 
information" to separate them from those having 
complete holotype information, which follows 
"HOLOTYPE." A question mark (?) after an her- 
barium name indicates that the herbarium is the 
possible place of deposit, based on Singer's un- 
published field notes and Singer's habit of depos- 
iting type specimens in the institution where he 
was working, even though it was not clearly stat- 
ed in his publication. Herbarium abbreviations are 
from Index Herbariorum (Holmgren et al., 1990, 
New York Botanical Garden, Bronx. 693 pp.). 

ACURTIS 

sericem ssp. antarcticus Singer, 1959n: 587 
HOLOTYPE: Australia. Macquarie Island: Half 
Moon Bay, 31 January 1 951 , Bunt (LIL) 



AERUGINOSPORA 

hiemalis Singer & Clemen9on, 1971b: 118 

HOLOTYPE: Switzerland. Vaud: Botanicai Gar- 
den Lausanne, 1 5 February 1 971 , Singer C 

5251 (F) 

AGARICUS 

nebularum Singer, 1969a: 165 

HOLOTYPE: Cliiie. Coquimbo: Fray Jorge, 1 6 

Aprii 1 967, Singer M 651 1 (SCO) 
valdiviae Singer, 1965i: 161 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Valdivia: Hueycolla, 30 
March 1963, Singer M 3237 (BAFC) 

AGROCYBE 

aegerita var. rugosovenosa Singer, 1953b: 19 
HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucumdn: Rio de los 
Sosas, 26 February 1952, Singer T 1875 (LIL) 
allocystis Singer, 1969a: 225 



HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Buenos Aires: Sierra 
de la Ventana, 15 November 1962, Singer S 
348 (BAFC) 

Index to Genera, Species, and Infraspecific Taxa 1 3 



[Begin Page: Page 14] 

AGROCYBE 

coprophila Singer, 1941e: 99 

Type information: USSR. Altai Mtns., Singer & 

Vasilieva (LE?) 

firma var. tucumana Singer, 1959b: 398 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Rio de los 
Sosas, 4 February 1955, Singer T 21 30 (LIL). 
The type information for this taxon is identical 
to that of Agrocybe tucumana Singer (1973d: 
76), except for the herbarium of deposit, 
which is BAFC. 
insignis Singer, 1 941 b: 85 

Type information: USSR. Terskiense, Lobik 



(LE?) 

karelica Singer, 19415: 85 

Type information: Finland. Karelia: near Kivacz, 

May 1935, Freindling (LE?) 
lazoi Singer, 1969a: 222 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Valparaiso: Vina del March, 

28 July 1 966, Lazo VI- 1 7 (SCO) 
microspora Singer, 1977g: 205 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Illinois: Morton Arboretum, 

16 May 1970, Singer N 2100 (F) 
paradoxa Singer, 1973d: 76 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: near Tafi del 
Valle, 29 January 1 962, Singer T 3767 (BAFC) 
procera Singer, 1969a: 224 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Valparaiso: Vina del Mar, 

March 1966, Lazo VI- 1 (SGO) 
tucumana Singer, 1973d: 76 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Rio de los 



Sosas, 4 February 1955, Singer T 2130 
(BAFC). The type information for tliis species 
is identicai to tinat of Agrocybe firma var. tuc- 
umana (1959b: 398), except for tine Inerbarium 
of deposit, 
viscosa Singer, 1969a: 223 

HOLOTYPE: Cliiie. Santiago: Maipii, 8 Septem- 
ber 1966, Lazo RI-8 (SGO) 
xeropliytica Singer, 1959b: 399 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: above San 
Pedro de Colalao, 21 January 1 955, Singer T 
2053 (LIL) 

ALNICOLA 

devia Singer, 1950a: 150 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Buenos Aires: Punta 

Lara, 9 June 1949, Singer Sill (LIL) 
diplocystis Singer, 1950a: 151 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: above Tafi 

del Valle, 1 May 1949, Singer T 503 (LIL) 
lignicola Singer, 1939a: 67 



Type information: USSR. Kazaklistan: Alma 
Ata, Nevodovski (LE?) 

AMANITA 

aestivalis Singer ex Singer, 1959b: 390 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan: Cheboygan Coun- 
ty, Burt Lake, 29 July 1953, Singer N 899 (F) 

diemii Singer, 1954b: 120, 121 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Nahuel Hua- 
pi National Park, Ouetrihue, 13 May 1952, 
Singer M 562 (LIL) 
foetens Singer, 1953b: 15 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Pie del Per- 
iquillo, 30 December 1 951 , Singer & Helber- 
gerT 1672 (LIL) 
humboldtii Singer, 1963b: 241 

HOLOTYPE: Colombia. Cundinamarca: above 
Pacho, Los Robedales, 26 July 1960, Singer 
B 3527 (BAFC) 

lilloi Singer in Singer & Digilio, 1951e: 245 
HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Sierra de 



San Javier, Ciudad Universitaria, 6 November 
1 950, Grassi [Singer no.] T 1 01 6 (LIL) [Pub- 
iislied in 1952] 
nana Singer, 1941b: 85 

Type information: USSR. Kazaklnstan, April 1915, 
Fedtsclienko (LE?) 

AMPAROINA Singer, 1958a: 110 

Type species: Marasmius spinosissimus Singer 

lieteracantlia Singer, 1976J: 58 

HOLOTYPE: Colombia. Valle: Call, Buenaven- 
tura, San Joaquin, 1 9 April 1 968, Singer B 
6250 (F) 

AMYLOFLAGELLULA Singer, 1966a: 14 
Type species: Cyphella pulchra Berk. & Br. 

ANTHRACOPHYLLUM 

paxilloides Singer, 1955d: 227 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Pernambuco: Recife, Dois 
Irmaos, 1 April 1 955, Jose de Silva & Batis- 
ta 2225 (LIL) 

APHYLLOTUS Singer, 1973d: 29 



Type species: A. campanelliformis Singer 

campanelliformis Singer, 1973d: 29 

HOLOTYPE: Colombia. Cundina marca: Futa- 
gasuga, 1 1 April 1968, Singer B 6034 (F) 

ARCANGELIELLA 

crassa Singer & Smith, 1960h: 74 

HOLOTYPE: USA. California: Stanislaus Na- 
tional Forest, 25 July 1931 , Patty s.n. (NY) 

ARMILLARIELLA 

affinis Singer, 1989a: 12 

HOLOTYPE: Costa Rica. Heredia: Varablanca, 
near Hacienda "Tirol", 1 1 June 1 984, Singer 
B 14615(F) 

14 Chapter Three 



[Begin Page: Page 15] 



ARMILLARIELLA 

clavuligera Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 
70 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Santa Rosa, 
17 December 1950, Singer T 1060 (LIL) 
[Publislied in 1952] 

densifolia Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 ie: 
72 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Ouebrada de 
Luies, 2 Aprii 1 949, Singer T 367 (LIL). [Pub- 
lished in 1952] 
ditopa Singer, 1950c: 191 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Anta Muer- 
ta, 10 April 1949, Singer & Digilio [Singer 
no.] T 403 (LIL). The type information is 
identical to that of Nothoclavulina ditopa 
Singer (1970a: 18). 
griseomellea Singer, 1969a: 40 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Valdivia: Cordillera Pelada, 

1-4 May 1967, Singer M 6574 (SCO) 
minuta Singer & Digilio, 1 954b: 1 06, 1 07 



Type information: Argentina. Neuquen: Nalnuel 
Huapi National Park, Quetriliue, May 1952, 
Singer M 576/ M667? (LIL) 
montagnei Singer, 1956f: 182 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Quetriliue, 

13 May 1952, Singer M 513 (LIL) 
montagnei var. umbrinobrunnea Singer, 1956f: 

183 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Ouetrihue, 

14 May 1952, Singer M 596 (LIL) 
puiggarii ssp. tigrensis Singer, 1970a: 8 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Buenos Aires: Punta 

Lara, 1 June 1949, Singer S 58 (LIL) 
saviczii Singer, 1938e: 6 

Type information: USSR. Savicz (LE?) 
sparrei Singer, 1956f: 183 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Juan Fernandez Island: 
MasaTierra, Ouebrado Piedra Agujereada, 12 
March 1955, Sparre F 33 (R, LIL) 
sparrei var. elaeodes Singer, 1969a: 45 



HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Puerto Man- 

zano, 18 May 1952, Singer M 741 (LIL) 
sparrei var. xantlia Singer, 1969a: 45 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan: Heii, 23 Septem- 
ber 1957, Singer M 1620 (MICH) 
viridifiava Singer, 1989a: 12 

HOLOTYPE: Spain. Catalonia: Mountains near 

Tossa, 24 October 1979, Singer C 9601 (F) 
yungensis Singer, 1970a: 12 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, Car- 
men Pampa, 19 February 1956, Singer B 1268 
(LIL) 

ARTHROSPORELLA Singer, 1970a: 17 
Type species: Armillariella ditopa Singer 

ASTEROTUS Singer, 1943c: 161 
Type species: Panus dealbatus Berk. 

argentinus Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 
107 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Rio de los 



Sosas, 27 January 1 951 , Singer T 11 36 (LIL). 
[Published in 1952]. 
graminum Singer, 1969a: 57 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Cerro Colo- 
rado, 9-10 March 1959, Singer M 1733 
(BAFC) 

AUSTROBOLETUS 

graciliqffinis Singer, 1989a: 126 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: Road Manaus- 

Caracarai, km 45, 31 March 1980, Webber 

[Singer no.] B 12088 (INPA) 

neotropicalis Singer, Garcia & Gomez, 199 la: 

53,88 

HOLOTYPE: Costa Rica. Guanacaste: Bagaces, 

7 km NW of town, October 1 982, Gomez 

18708(F) 

olivaceus Singer, 1983f: 132 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: Road Manaus- 
Caracarai, km 1 25, 20 July 1 978, Singer & 
Araujo [Singer no.] B 1 1323 (INPA) 

AUSTROGASTER Singer, 1962a: 57 



Type species: Austrogaster marthae Singer 

baeospermum Singer, 1969a: 360 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Rio Negro: Cerro Otto, 

February 1934, Burkart4400 (BAFC) 
martliae Singer, 1962a: 57 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Nalnuei Hua- 
pf Nationai Park, February, Singer M 3040 
(LIL) 

BAEOSPORA Singer, 1 938a: 1 91 , 1 93 

Type species: Coiiy bia myosura Fr. sensu Ouei 
& Ricken 

munduia Singer, 1989a: 90 

HOLOTYPE: Brazii. Amazonas: Igarape do Tar- 

umazinlio, 14 May 1980, Singer B 12168 

(INPA) 

oiigopliyiia Singer, 1938a: 194 

Type information: USSR. Altai Mtns.: Czuiskie 
Alpy, August 1 937, Singer & Vasilieva (LE?) 
pallida Singer, 1978h:40 



HOLOTYPE: Ecuador. Napo: Shushufindi, 15 
May 1973, Singer B 7451 (F) 

Index to Genera, Species, and Infraspecific Taxa 1 5 



[Begin Page: Page 16] 



BOLBITIUS 



BOLBITIUS 

exiguus Singer, 19361:433 

Type information: Spain. Cataionia: Pyrenees 

Mtns., Juiy 1934. 

mesosporus Singer, 1977g: 219 

HOLOTYPE: Ecuador. Tunguralnua: Banos, 27 

April 1973, Singer B 7148(F) 
tucumanensis Singer, 1959b: 398 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Ouebrada de 
la Higuera, 25 January 1 955, Singer T 2081 
(LIL). Also published in Singer, 1961b: 69. 



BOLETELLUS 

ananas var. crassotunicatus Singer, 1983f: 152 
HOLOTYPE: Nicaragua. Siiima Sia, May 1976, 

Ivory S/23 (F) 

ananas var. minor Singer, 1 983f: 1 53 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: Road Manaus- 
Caracaraf, km 1 1 5, 4 April 1 978, Singer B 
10913 (INPA) 
coccineus var. amarus Singer, 1992a: 8 

HOLOTYPE: Costa Rica. Guanacaste: Bagaces, 

7 km NW of town, Gomez & Alfaro 221 01 

(F) 

fibuliger Singer, 1983f: 154 

HOLOTYPE: Venezuela. Dto Federal: Parque 
Nacional El Avila, 27 July 1972, Dumont, 
Cain & Samuels [Dumont no.] VE-6201 (NY) 
ivoryi Singer, 1983f: 163 

HOLOTYPE: Belize. Augustine: Forest Station, 

18 June 1976, Ivory 5/725 (F) 
linden Singer, 1945a: 134 



Type information: Liberia. Miamu, Under 408 

(FH) 

pictiformis var. faiiax Singer, 1945a: 132 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Fiorida: Aiachua County, 
Keiiey's Hammock, 14 Juiy 1943, Singer F 
2716 (FH) 

BOLETINUS 

asiaticus Singer, 1938d: 164 

Type information: USSR. (LE?) 
oxydabiiis Singer, 1938d: 160 

Type information: USSR. Aitai Mtns.: Lake Te- 
iezkoje, September 1937, Singer (LE?) 

BOLETOCHAETE Singer, 1944a: 358 
Type species: Boletus spinifer Pat. & Baker 

brunneosetosa Singer, 1944a: 359 

Type information: Liberia. Nengbe, Aprii, Har- 
ley (FH?) 

BOLETUS 



austrinus Singer, 19451: 798 

Type information: USA. Florida: Miami. 

cliilensis Singer, 1967b: 69 

HOLOTYPE: Clnile. Valdivia, 27 April 1967, R. 

& M. Singer & Hernandez [Singer no.] 6933 

(SAM) 

frostii ssp. floridanus Singer, 19451: 799 

Type information: USA. Florida: Sebring. 
fuligineotomentosus Singer, 1973d: 101 

HOLOTYPE: Colombia. Valle: Rio Pance, 3 

May 1968, Singer B 6958(F) 
granulosiceps Singer, 19451: 798 

Type information: USA. Florida: Miami, 
griseus ssp. pinicaribaeae Singer, 19451: 797 

Type information: USA. Florida: Coral Gables, 
guadelupae Singer & Fiard, 19761: 445 

HOLOTYPE: Guadeloupe. Matouba, 31 July 

1975, Fiard s.n. (F) 



heterodermus Singer, 1989a: 124 

HOLOTYPE: Costa Rica. Puntarenas: Rio Baru, 

August 1983, Gomez 21548 (F) 
liypocarycinus Singer, 1945i: 798 

Type information: USA. Florida: Alacliua Coun- 
ty, Gainesville, 
michoacanus Singer, 1977g: 256 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Michoacan: Parque Na- 
cional near Mirador, 9 August 1969, Singer M 
8998/11 (F) 
patouillardii Singer, 1947a: 55 

HOLOTYPE: Cambodia, Reserve Forestiere de 

Campong Chhuong, July, Petelot222 (FH) 
rubellus ssp. bicoloroides Singer, 19451: 798 
Type information: USA. Florida: Alachua Coun- 
ty- 

rubellus ssp. caribaeus f. serotinus Singer, 
1947a: 53 

Type information: USA. Florida: Dade County, 
rubellus ssp. caribaeus Singer, 19451: 798 



Type information: USA. Florida: Miami, 
rubellus ssp. consobrinus Singer, 1945i: 798 

Type information: USA. Florida: Miami, 
rubellus ssp. dumetorum f. crassotunicatus 
Singer, 1947a: 51 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Florida: Dade County, Ma- 
theson Hammock, 8 October 1942, Singer F 
976 (FH) 
rubellus ssp. dumetorum Singer, 19451: 798 

Type information: USA. Florida: Miami, 
rubellus ssp. fraternus f. subdumetorum Singer, 
1947a: 49 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Florida: Highlands County, 
Highlands Hammock State Park, 8 September 
1942, Singer F 648a (FH) 

rubricitrinus var. fairchildianus Singer, 19451: 
798 

Type information: USA. Florida: Miami, 
splendidus ssp. moseri Singer & Kuthan, 
1976h: 151 

HOLOTYPE: Czechoslovakia. Slovakia: Rako- 



va, near Cadca, 31 August 1975, J. Kuthan 
75/S141 (F) 

16 Chapter Three 



[Begin Page: Page 17] 

BOLETUS 

subsolitarius Singer, 19451 : 798 

Type information: USA. Florida: Miami, 
subvelutipes f. glabripes Singer, 1947a: 70 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Florida: Alachua County, 

Gainesville, 30 May 1 943, Singer F 21 69 

(FH) 

weberi Singer, 19451: 797 

Type information: USA. Florida: Alachua Coun- 
ty, Gainesville. 

BONDARZEWIA Singer, 1940: 4 

Type species: Polyporus montanus Quel. 

perniciosa Singer, 1953c: 884 



HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Quetrihue, 
May 1952, Singer M 608 (LIL) 

BRAUNIELLULA Smith & Singer, 1958c: 928 
Type species: Braunieiiuia nancyae Smitli 

ieucosarx Smitli & Singer, 1958c: 928 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Idalio, Payette National For- 
est, 31 Juiy 1958, Smitli 59316 (MICH?) 

CALATHINUS 

substriatulus Singer, 1943a: 156 

Type information: USSR. Altai Mtns. (Kurai), 
August. 

CALLISTODERMATIUM Singer, 198 la: 506 
Type species: Callistodermatium violascens Singer 

violascens Singer, 198 la: 506 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: 30 km N of 
Manaus, 3 June 1977, Singer B 9926 (F) 

CALLISTOSPORIUM Singer, 1944a: 363 
Type species: Gymnopilus palmarum Murr. 



amazonicum Singer, 1977g: 263 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Rio Grande do Sul: Gua- 
pore, near Guajara mirim, 1 Marcln 1 956, 
Singer (BAFC) 
clirysoplnorum Singer, 1961b: 51 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Florida: Alachua County, 8 

June 1943, Singer F 2227 (F) 
favrei Singer, 1977g:262 

HOLOTYPE: Switzerland. Vaud Bois de Chene: 

Chene pr, Nyon, 18 October 1942, Favreano 

(Favreano) 

galerinoides Singer, 1948c: 29 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Florida: Alachua County, 
Sugarfoot Hammock, 5 July 1943, Singer F 
2598 (FN) 

luteofuscum Singer, 1953d: 115 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Rio Grande do Sul: Sao 

Leopoldo, 31 October 1 951 , Singer B 27 

(LIL) 

luteofuscum var. maior Singer, 1969a: 53 



HOLOTYPE: Chile. Valparaiso: Vina del Mar, 

16July 1966, LawVI-3(SG0) 
psilocybe Murrill & Singer, 1944a: 363 

Type information: USA. Florida: Juniper Springs, 

October, Murrill (FH?) 
terrigenum Singer, 1950c: 192 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: between San 
Pablo and Parque Aconquija, 2 April 1949, 
Singer (LIL) 

CALOCYBE 

africana Singer, 1977g: 268 

HOLOTYPE: Zaire. Panzi Kivu, Goossens-Fon- 

tana 5334 (BR) 

aineti Singer, 1977g:267 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Jujuy: Lagunas de 

Yala, 14 February 1966, Singer (F) 
atropapillata Singer, 1977g: 269 

HOLOTYPE: Ecuador. Napo: Lago Agrio, 8 



May 1973, Singer B 7284(F) 
bipigmentata Singer, 1977g: 267 

HOLOTYPE: Brazii. Pernambuco: Dois Irmaos, 

13Juiy 1960, Singer (F) 
caucasica Singer, 1961b: 47 

Type information: USSR. Caucasus: Krasnodar 

Yatyrgrarta, 29 July 1935, Vassilieva (LE, 

KAZ) 

coniceps Singer, 1977g: 268 

HOLOTYPE: Venezuela. Dto Federal: Parque 
Nacional El Avila, 27 July 1972, Dumont and 
others VE 6205 (NY) 

cyanea Singer ex Redhead & Singer, 1978c: 
501 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Sta Catharina: Porto Novo, 
1928, Ricks, n. (FH). Basionym: Calocybe 
cyanea Singer, 1 946g: 1 26 (nom. invalid), 
cyanella Singer ex Redhead & Singer, 1 978c: 
501 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Florida: Dade County, near 



Miami, at Matlneson Hammock, Singer F 734 
(FH). Basionym: Caiocybe cyaneiia Singer, 
1946g: 124 (nom. invaiid). 
fibriiiosa Singer, 1950c: 192 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Taff dei Vai- 
ie, Parque Aconquija, 8 May 1 949, Singer T 
546 (LIL) 
lieterospora Singer, 1 961 b: 46 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Florida, Dade County, Ma- 
tlieson Hammock, 9 November 1942, Singer 
F 1452c (FH) 

Index to Genera, Species, and Infraspecific Taxa 1 7 



[Begin Page: Page 18] 

CALOCYBE 

rubra Rick in Singer ex Redhead & Singer, 
1978c: 501 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. 1928, Rick 585 (FH). Bas- 
ionym: Caiocybe rubra Rick in Singer, 1948. 
Pap. Mich.Acad. Sci. Arts & Lett. 32: 126 

(nom. invalid) 



CALYPTELLA 

bonairensis Singer, 1973d: 27 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Buenos Aires: La Pla- 
ta, 20 June 1962, Singer S 206 (BAFC) 
epibrya Singer, 1973d: 25 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Sierra de 
San Javier, 1 4 May 1 961 , Singer T 3743 (LIL) 
flava Singer, 1977g:270 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Jujuy: Lagunas de 

Yala, 9 February 1965, Singer (F) 
pteridoplnytorum Singer, 1973d: 26 

HOLOTYPE: Colombia. Valle: Dagua, 27 April 
1968, Singer B 64 13(F) 

CAMAROPHYLLUS 

adonis Singer, 1952c: 172 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tierra del Fuego: Rio 
Grande, Estancia Nueva Argentina, Lago Fag- 
nano, 18 February 1950, Singer M 351 (LIL) 
grinlingii Singer, 1973d: 2 



HOLOTYPE: Zaire. Brazzaville: Rte. de Linzo- 
lo, no date, Grinling 71106 (RPC). Isotype: F. 
hieronymi Singer, 1977g: 277 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. Nor-Yungas: La Paz, San 
Geronino, 7 February 1956, Singer B 968 (F) 
laccarioides Singer, 1952c: 170 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tierra del Fuego: Rio 
Grande, Estancia Nueva Argentina, 16 Feb- 
ruary 1 950, Singer M 300 (LIL) 
paraiboensis Singer, 1977g: 278 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Parafba: near Joao Pessoa, 

1 1 July 1960, Singer B 3334 (BAFC) 
patagonicus Singer, 1969a: 9 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Llanquihue: Puerto Mont y 
San Augustin, 8 May 1967, Singer M 6790 
(SCO) 

CAMPANELLA 

aberrant Singer, 1975c: 855 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, Co- 



roico, 1 2 February 1 956, Singer B 111 6 (LIL) 
aequatorialis Singer, 1975b: 240 

HOLOTYPE: Ecuador. Tunguraliua: Rio Verde, 
26 Aprii 1973, Singer B 7128 (F). Aiso pub- 
iislied in Singer, 1975c: 869. 
aeruginea Singer, 1975c: 854 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: S. M. Tu- 
cuman, 22 January 1955, Singer T 2078 (LIL) 

ainetorum Singer, 1975c: 866 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Jujuy: Lagunas de 
Yala, 1 4 February 1 966, Singer T 51 40a (F) 
austrocliilensis Singer, 1969a: 86 

HOLOTYPE: CInile. Llanquilnue: Puella, 20 

Marcli 1959, Singer M 1948 (LIL) 
Candida var. stipitata Singer, 1955a: 765 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Catamarca, Santa 

Rosa, Vallis Rio Campo, 18 January 1954 

(LIL) 

castaneipes Singer, 1975c: 856 

HOLOTYPE: Colombia. Boyaca: between Ra- 
miriqui and Rondon, 30 July 1960, Singer B 



3632 (F) 

dendrophora Singer, 1955a: 763 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Puerto Man- 

zano, 18 May 1952, Singer M 746 (LIL) 
diplocystis Singer, 1975c: 868 

HOLOTYPE: Peru. Cuzco: Urubamba, Macliu 

Picciiu, 20 May 1958, Singer B 3025 (LIL) 
eiongatispora Singer, 1975c: 851 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Jujuy: Lagunas de 

Yaia, 1 1 February 1 965, Singer T 4024 (F) 
floridana Singer, 1950e: 249 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Florida: Newnan's Lake, 31 

July 1947, Singer F 3428 (FH) 
gigantospora Singer, 1975c: 874 

HOLOTYPE: Australia. New South Wales: be- 
tween Major's Crk. & Araluen, March 1970, 
McVean s. n. (F) 
peullensis Singer, 1969a: 85 



HOLOTYPE: Chile. Llanquihue: Puella, 20 

March 1959, Singer M 1894 (LIL) 
podocarpi Singer, 1975c: 864 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Jujuy: 15 km NE of 
Posta de Lozano, 20 February 1966, Singer T 
5307 (F) 
tenuitunicata Singer, 1955a: 764 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Catamarca: Santa 
Rosa, Suncho, Vallis Rio Campo, 1 8 January 
1952, Singer T 1750 (LIL) 
witteana Singer, 1975c: 876 

HOLOTYPE: Zaire. Pare National Albert, 17 
June 1953, Fredericq 9440 (BR) 

CANTHARELLULA Singer, 1936e: 281 

Type species: Cantharellus umbonatus Gmelin 

infundibuliformis Singer, 1969a: 64 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Rio Negro: Laguna 
Frias, 3 May 1964, Singer M 3861 (BAFC) 

CHAETOCALATHUS Singer, 1942a: 518. 
[Published in 1943]. 



Type species: Agaricus craterellus Dur. & Lev. 



18 Chapter Three 



[Begin Page: Page 19] 

CHAETOCALATHUS 

aurantiacus Singer, 1976a: 57 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. Pando: Manuripi, Con- 

quista, 25 March 1956, Singer B 2201 (F) 
carneiioruber Singer, 1942a: 526 

Type information: Guiana. Bartica, 9 December 

1923, Under (FH). [Published in 1943]. 
eurysporus Singer, 1978f: 195 

HOLOTYPE: Panama. Panama: near "Altos de 
Pacora", 30 June 1975, Dumont, Carperter & 
Mori [Dumont no.] P 1540 (NY). Also see 
1989a: 67. 
pachytrichus Singer, 1942a: 522 

HOLOTYPE: Phillippine Islands. Laguna: Mt. 



Makiling, July 1 91 6, Baker 4356 (FH). [Pub- 
lished in 1943]. 

CHAETOTYPHULA 

amylochaete Singer, 1978h: 1 

HOLOTYPE: Ecuador. Zamora, 21 km from Za- 
mora on the Zamora-Zanxaza Rd., 31 July 
1975, Dumont EC 1784 (NY) 
Columbiana Singer, 1978h: 2 

HOLOTYPE: Colombia. Antioquia: Medellin, 

20 July 1 974, Dumont and others CO 1 744 

(NYorF?) 

montana Singer, 1978h: 3 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Jujuy: Lagunas de 
Yala, 9 February 1 965, Singer T 3920 (BAFC) 

CHAMAEMYCES 

paraensis Singer, 1989a: 100 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Para: Belem, 7 June 1966, 
Singer B 4243 (BAFC) 

CHAMONIXIA 



brevicolumna Smith & Singer, 1959f: 219 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Idalio, Payette National For- 
est, 26 August 1958, Smitli 60519 (MICH) 

CHEIMONOPHYLLUM Singer, 1955f: 417 

Type species: Agaricus candidissimus Berk. & 
Curt. 

CHLOROPHYLLUM 

molybdites var. luteolosperma Singer, 1946g: 
139 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Florida: Alachua County, 
Gainesville, 16 May 1943, Singer F 1953a 
(FN). [Published in 1948]. 

CHROOGOMPHUS 

rutilus ssp. michoacanensis Singer & Kuthan, 
1976e:85 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Michoacan: San Jose de 
Purua, 8 August 1969, Singer M 8986 (F) 

CLAVARIA 



albidobisa Singer, 1969a: 390 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Concepcion: Boca dei Bio- 
Bio, 1 1 November 1 967, Singer M 781 4 
(SCO) 
alliodora Bond & Singer, 1936J: 724 

No type information given, 
floridana Singer, 1945d: 425 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Florida: Dade County, 17 

September 1942, Singer F 733 (FH) 
leucoporphyria Singer, 1947c: 205 

Type information: Spain. Catalonia: Riu de Sant 

Maurici, July 1934, Singer, 
wettsteinii Singer, 1 931 : 51 5 

Type information: USSR. Caucasus, 
xanthoporphyria Singer, 1947c: 205 

Type information: Spain. Catalonia: Riu de Sant 
Maurici, July 1934, Singer. 

CLAVULINA 



angustisperma Singer, 1969a: 387 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Rio Negro: Naliuei 
Huapi Nationai Park near Santa Maria, 19 
Aprii 1965, Singer M 5061 (BAFC) 

CLITOCYBE 

aberrantissima Singer, 1953d: 118 

HOLOTYPE: Brazii. Rio Grande do Sui: Pared, 

2 November 1 951 , Singer B 52 (LIL) 
acicoia Singer ex Singer, 1990b: 6 

HOLOTYPE: USSR. Kurai: Altai Mtns., 15 Au- 
gust 1938, Singer A 103 (LE) 
aconquijensis Singer in Singer & Digilio, 
1951e:38 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Tafi del Val- 
le, Parque Aconquija, 30 March 1 951 , Singer 
T 1461 (LIL). [Published in 1952]. 
aprilis Singer in Singer & Digilio, 1951e: 27 
HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Tafi del Val- 
le, Parque Aconquija, 1 4 April 1 951 , Singer 
T 1478 (LIL). [Published in 1952]. 
asema Singer, 1973d: 1 1 



HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: near Aguad- 

ita, 25 February 1 951 , Singer T 1 328 (LIL) 
augustinensis Singer, 1955a: 766 

HOLOTYPE: Trinidad. St. Augustine, 9 Febru- 
ary 1950, Wilson [Dennis no.] 481 (K) 
bresadoliano-affinis Singer, 1943a: 35 
Type information: USSR. Altai Mtns. 
brevibasidiata Singer, 1943a: 45 

Type information: USSR. Altai Krai: Artubash, 
aimak Turoczak. Published as Clitocybe (Om- 
phalina) brevibasidiata. 

Index to Genera, Species, and Infraspecific Taxa 1 9 



[Begin Page: Page 20] 

CLITOCYBE 

catalaunica Singer, 1943a: 30 

Type information: Spain. Catalonia: Vail d'Aran, 
Salardu. September. 1934. Also published in 
Singer, 1947c: 242. 



caucasica Singer, 1978f: 230 

HOLOTYPE: USSR. Swanetia: Central Cauca- 
sus, 20 August 1928, Singer (W) 
coluiana Singer, 1 973d: 1 1 

HOLOTYPE: Colombia. Cauca: Gabriel Lopez, 

San Pedro, 5 May 1967, Singer B 6967 (F) 
cystidiosa Singer, 1967c: 356 

HOLOTYPE: Zaire. Brazzaville: 'Route de Li- 

foula', November 1 965, Grinling 51,110 

(BAFC) 

duckeana Singer, 1989a: 8 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: 30 km N of 
Manaus, 12 July 1978, Singer (INPA). No col- 
lection number given, 
espinosae Singer, 1969a: 33 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Santiago: Ouebrada Diego, 

6 July 1967, Singer M 7109 (SGO) 
exilis Singer, 1989a: 9 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: 30 km N of 
Manaus, 6 April 1 977, Singer B 961 8 (INPA) 



fimbriata Singer, 1978f: 231 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. El Beni: Vaca Diez, Or- 

iente, 1 6 March 1 956, Singer B 2008 (LIL, 

BAFC) 

hyacinthina Singer, 1943a: 46 

Type information: USSR. Oirotia: Aimak Czoia. 
Published as Clitocybe (Omphalina) hyacin- 
thina. 
kabulensis Singer, 1955a: 766 

HOLOTYPE: Afghanistan. Tangi gharu: near 

Kabul, 12 March 1950, Gilli LXXXVI (W) 
laricicola Singer, 1943a: 28 

Type information: USSR. Altai Mtns. 
lignicola Singer, 1973d: 12 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. El Beni: Vaca Diez, 12 

March 1 956, Singer B 1 900 (LIL) 
melliolens Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 
34 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Buenos Aires: Garibal- 
di, 30 May 1949, Singer S 38 (LIL). [Pub- 
lished in 1952]. 



monticola Singer, 1943a: 30 

Type information: Spain. Catalonia: Pyrenees 
Mtns., Aiguamoix, July, 1943. Also published 
in Singer, 1947c: 221. 
montivaga Singer, 1978f: 232 

HOLOTYPE: Ecuador. Tungurahua: Banos, 1 

May 1973, Singer B 7234(F) 
nothofageti Singer, 1954b: 103 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. NeuquSn: Nahuel Hua- 
pf National Park, 15 May 1952, Singer M 640 
(LIL) 

obscuratipes Singer, 1969a: 32 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Nahuel Hua- 
pi National Park, above Puerto Manzano, 19 
March 1963, Singer M 3088 (BAFC) 
oligophylla Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 
40 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Cerro Alto 
del Taficillo, 4 March 1 951 , Singer T 1 381 
(LIL). [Published in 1952]. 
pleurotus Singer, 1952c: 182 



HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tierra del Fuego: Rio 
Grande, Estancia Nueva Argentina, 10 Feb- 
ruary 1950, Singer M 175(LIL) 
polylepidicola Singer, 1989a: 9 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Jujuy: Lagunas de 

Yala, 1 February 1 965, Singer T 4025 

(BAFC) 

praeandina Singer, 1955c: 147 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Sierra de 

San Javier, 1 955, Singer T 221 5 (LIL) 
scandens Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 36 
HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Sierra de 
San Javier, Anta Muerta, 24 April 1949, Sing- 
er, Digilio & Grassi [Singer no.] T 490 (LIL). 
[Published in 1952]. 
spodoxutha Singer, 1 953b: 3 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: near Tapia, 

6 January 1 952, Singer T 1 708 (LIL) 
steppicola Singer, 1943a: 33 

Type information: USSR. Oirotia: aimak Kosch- 

agatsch, August. 



subhygrophana Singer, 1943a: 27 

Type information: USSR. Altai Mtns. 
subliygroplianoides Singer, 1952c: 181 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tierra del Fuego: Rio 
Grande, Estancia Nueva Argentina, 13 Feb- 
ruary 1 950, Singer M 245 (LIL) 
subleptoloma Singer, 1952c: 179 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tierra del Fuego: Rio 
Grande, Estancia Nueva Argentina, 10 Feb- 
ruary 1 950, Singer M 1 69 (LIL) 
subsquamulosa Singer, 1943a: 35 

Type information: USSR. Altai Mtns., July-Au- 
gust, 
subulifera Singer, 1955a: 767 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: De "Tapia" 

vs. mer, 1 7 February 1 951 , Singer T 1 220 

(LIL) 

tournefortiae Singer, 1989b: 794 

HOLOTYPE: Henderson Islands. (South Pacif- 
ic), Northwest Beach, Schuster 00007 (F) 
tungurahuae Singer, 1978f: 233 



HOLOTYPE: Ecuador. Tungurahua: Rio Topo, 

30 April 1973, Singer B 7215 (F) 
vasilievae Singer, 1 941 b: 84 

Type information: USSR. Oirotia: Altai Mtns., 
August 1937, Singer & Vasilieva (LE). Also 
published in Singer, 1943a: 26. 

20 Chapter Three 



[Begin Page: Page 21] 

CLITOCYBE 

vulgaris Singer, 1961b: 48 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Massachusetts, Cambridge, 
Singer s.n. (FH) 

CLITOCYBULA 

azurea Singer, 1 973d: 1 8 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Sao Paulo: Serra de Can- 
tareira, 1 7 December 1 964, Singer B 41 1 5 
(BAFC) 



mellea Singer, 1954b: 111 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Nalnuei Hua- 
pf Nationai Park, Quetriliue, 18 May 1952, 
Singer M 751 (LIL) 

CLITOPILUS 

Inobsonii var. cliilensis Singer, 1969a: 333 

HOLOTYPE: Cliile. Santiago: Cerro Robles, 19 

June 1967, Singer M 6978 (SCO) 
incrustatus Singer, 1948c: 38 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Florida: Alachua County, 
Gainesville, 19 May 1943, Singer F 1981 
(FH) 

incrustatus var. macrosporus Singer, 1969a: 
334 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Valdivia: Hueycolla, 4 May 

1967, Singer M 6720 (SGO) 

rhodotrama Singer in Singer & Digilio, 1 951 e: 

421 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Jujuy: Termas de 



Reyes, 5 January 1947, Garolera & Digilio 
7681 (LIL, FH). [Published in 1952]. 
venososulcatus Singer, 1946a: 557 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Florida: Dade County, Ma- 
theson Hammock, 29 October 1 942, Singer F 
1344 (FH) 

COLLYBIA 

acicola Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 60 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Sierra de 

San Javier, Cerro Alto del Taficillo, 6 January 

1950, Singer T 830 (LIL). [Published in 

1952]. 

albelloavellanea Singer, 1955a: 767 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Parana, Paranagua, 27 Sep- 
tember 1952, Singer B 409 (F) 
alkalivirens Singer, 1948c: 27 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Virginia: Giles County, Mt. 
Lake Biological Station, 23 June 1 947, Singer 
& Wilson 337 (FH) 
amazonensis Singer, 1989a: 21 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas, Road Manaus- 
Caracarai, km 45, 10 August 1978, Singer B 



11376 (INPA) 

batistae Singer, 1965e:23 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Pernambuco: CaMaragibe, 
6 Juiy 1960, Singer B 3102 (BAFC) 

embrapaensis Singer, 1989a: 22 

HOLOTYPE: Brazii. Amazonas: Reserva Ducke, 

6 October 1978, Singer B 1 1403 (INPA) 
flavomycelina Singer in Singer & Digilio, 1951e: 
51 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucumdn: Rio de los 
Sosa, 27 January 1 951 , Singer T 1 1 28 (LIL). 
[Published in 1952]. 
fuegiana Singer, 1952c: 186 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tierra del Fuego: Rio 
Grande, Estancia Nueva Argentina, 10 Feb- 
ruary 1950, Singer M 157 (LIL) 
heimii Singer, 1937: 234 

Type information: USSR, near Chosta, Septem- 
ber 1936, Vasilieva (LE?) 
inconspicua Singer, 1989a: 22 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas, 30 km N of 



Manaus, 31 October 1977, Singer B 10233 

(INPA) 

ixotrama Singer, 1973d: 20 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. Pando: Manuripi, 25 

Marcin 1956, Singer B 2202 (BAFC) 
Hndquistii Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 
57 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Buenos Aires: Punta 
Lara, 9 June 1 945, Singer S 1 1 6 (LIL). [Pub- 
lislied in 1952]. 
lodgeae Singer, 1989a: 23 

HOLOTYPE: Costa Rica. Heredia, Sta. OTS 
near "La Selva", 23 December 1979, Lodge 
294 (F) 
neotropica Singer, 1961b: 54 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, 15 
February 1 956, Singer B 1 1 73 (LIL). Singer 
stated that this was a "nom. nov.", but it prob- 
ably was a new species, 
nobilior Singer, 1989a: 23 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: Reserva 
Ducke, 31 May 1 979, Singer B 1 1 077 (INPA) 



paranaguae Singer, 1955a: 768 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Parana, Paranagua, 27 Sep- 
tember 1952, Singer B 406 (F) 
peladae Singer, 1969a: 70 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Valdivia: Cordillera Pelada, 
Chiveria, 7 May 1967, Singer M 6777 (SGO) 
phoebophila Singer in Singer & Digilio, 1 95 le: 
53 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucumdn: Sierra de 
San Javier, Anta Muerta, 16 April 1950, Sing- 
er T 964 (LIL). [Published in 1952]. 
phylladophila Singer in Singer & Digilio, 
1951e:55 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: San Javier, 
24 April 1 951 , Singer T 1 526 (LIL). [Pub- 
lished in 1952]. 
phylladophiloides Singer, 1989a: 24 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: Lago Janauarf, 
18 March 1983, Singer B 12444 (F) 

Index to Genera, Species, and Infraspecific Taxa 21 



[Begin Page: Page 22] 

COLLYBIA 

rionegrensis Singer, 1989a: 24 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas, Ponta Negra 
near Manaus, 15 January 1978, Singer B 
10528 (INPA) 
sleumeri Singer, 1953b: 4 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Catamarca: Cerro Ne- 
gro, between Minas Capillitas and Cerro Ne- 
gro, 3 Marcln 1952, Sleumer & Sparre [Singer 
no.]T1912(LIL) 
solitaria Singer, 1989a: 25 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas, 30 km N of 
Manaus, 29 June 1977, Singer B 10028 (INPA?) 
subhybrida Singer, 19651: 151 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuque"n: Ouetrihue, 

14 May 1952, Singer M 573 (LIL, BAFC) 
syringea Singer, 1955a: 768 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Parana, Paranagua, 27 Sep- 
tember 1952, Singer B 404 (F) 



tetrachroa Singer in Singer & Digilio, 1 951 e: 
52 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Tafi dei Vai- 
ie, Parque Aconquija, 5 Marcli 1949, Singer 
T 199 (LIL). [Pubiislied in 1952]. 
tucumanensis Singer in Singer & Digiiio, 1951e: 
47 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Sierra de 
San Javier, Anta Muerta, 16 Aprii 1950, Sing- 
er T 963 (LIL). [Pubiislied in 1 952]. 
urubambae Singer, 1961b: 55 

HOLOTYPE: Peru. Machu Picchu: Rio Urubam- 

ba, 20 May 1958, Singer B 3024 (LIL). 
veiutipes f. aestivalis Singer, 1922a: 40 
No type information. 

CONOCYBE 

affinis Singer, 1969a: 207 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman, 10 Novem- 
ber 1950, Singer T 1020 (LIL) 
alba Singer in Singer & Digiiio, 1951e: 295 
HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Tapia, 15 
Aprii 1 951 , Singer T 1 484 (LIL). [Published 



in 1952]. 

albocinerea Singer, 1941e: 99 

HOLOTYPE: USSR. Oirotia: Kurai, 14/15 Au- 
gust 1 937, Singer & Vasilieva A 1 1 6 (LE). 
Also publislied in 1 950a: 1 30. 
amazonica Singer, 1 989a: 1 03 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: 30 km N of 
Manaus, 1 1 May 1 977, Singer B 9862 (INPA) 
diemii Singer, 1969a: 212 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Puerto Man- 
zano, 1 9 March 1 963, Singer M 3075 (BAFC) 
excedens van pseudomesospora Singer & Haus- 
knecht, 1992b: 95 

HOLOTYPE: Austria. Vienna: Lobau, near Op- 
pidum Mhiilleiten, 20 June 1986, Hausknecht 
S 1424 (WU 5384). Isotype: F 

fuscimarginata var. bispora Singer, 1977c: 126 
HOLOTYPE: Czechoslovakia. Prague, Podbaba, 
13 August 1974, Pouzar & Singer [Singer 
no.] C 5557 (F) 
halophila Singer, 1959b: 397 

HOLOTYPE: Afghanistan. West of Butschak: 



along road from Kabul to NImla, 22 April 

1951,GIIIICXXX1II/10(LIL) 

hornana Singer & Hausknecht, 1989c: 87 

HOLOTYPE: Austria. Lower Austria: Dobern- 
dorf near Horn, 8 June 1987, Hausknecht S 
7670 (WU 6201 ) 
Izonetae Singer, 1989a: 103 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: 30 km N of 
Manaus, 23 March 1 978, Singer B 1 0855 (INPA) 
javanica Singer, 1989a: 103 

HOLOTYPE: Indonesia. Java, von Hohnel 3860 

(FH) 

kuhnerlana Singer, 1969a: 212 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: near Arroyo 
MIsta, 27 October 1 949, Singer T 722 (LIL) 
lentlspora Singer, 1950a: 134 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: San Pablo, 

27 March 1 949, Singer T 31 6 (LIL) 

leporlna var. tetraspora Singer & Hausknecht, 

1988d: 112 



HOLOTYPE: Austria. Vienna: Lobau, near 
Kreuzgrundtraverse, 29 September 1984, 
Hauskneclit & Mrazek S 1441 (WU). Isotype: F 
lobauensis Singer & Hauskneclit, 1988d: 107 
HOLOTYPE: Austria. Vienna: Lobau, near 
Kreuzgrundtraverse, 15 October 1982, Haus- 
kneclit S 910 (WU). Isotype: F 
magnispora var. levis Singer in in Singer & Di- 
gilio, 195 le:306 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Sierra de 
San Javier, Anta Muerta, 20 October 1949, 
Singer T 715 (LIL). [Published in 1952]. 
magnispora var. striatella Singer in Singer & 
Digilio, 1 951 e: 305 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman, Singer S 43 

(LIL). [Published in 1952]. 
mazatecomm Singer, 1957a: 362 

Type information: Mexico. Oaxaca: Huautlade 
Jimnez, 10-11 July 1957 (MICH). Two spec- 
imens were cited: M 1503 and M 1523, but 
no type was designated, 
megalospora ssp. nivalis Singer, 1953b: 18 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Catamarca, between 



Minas Capillitas and Cerro Negro, 3 March 

1952, Sleumer & Sparre [Singer no.] T 1933 
(LIL) 

mesospora var. subalpina Singer, 1989a: 104 
HOLOTYPE: Switzerland. Vaud: above Pont de 

Nant, 6 July 1 984, Singer C 9682 (F) 
microsperma Singer, 1992b: 103 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Bahia: Itabuna, 6 June 
1978, Singer B 11058(INPA) 

22 Chapter Three 



[Begin Page: Page 23] 

CONOCYBE 

minima Singer & Hausknecht, 1992b: 93 

HOLOTYPE: Austria. Pulkau: Feldberg near 
Grobreipersdorf, 7 September 1988, Haus- 
knecht S 1794 (WU 7186). Isotype: F 
missionum Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 
308 



HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Misiones: Cataratas del 
Iguazii, 26 November 1949, Singer & Digilio 
M 104 (LIL). [Publislied in 1952]. 
mixta Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 296 
HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Taff del Val- 
le, 1 January 1 950, Singer T 843 (LIL). 
[Published in 1952]. 
myosura Singer, 1989a: 104 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. El Beni: Vaca Diez, Ri- 
beralta, 31 March 1956, Singer B 2403 (LIL) 
neoantipus var. carinthiaca Singer & Haus- 
knecht, 1988d: 117 

HOLOTYPE: Austria. Karnten: St. Veil a. d. 
Glan, near Tanzenberg, 26 September 1 986, 
Forstinger and others (WU). Isotype: F 
neoantipus var. tucumana Singer & Haus- 
knecht, 1988d: 115 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman, 20 October 

1949, Singer T 714 (LIL) 

proxima Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 293 
HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Cerro Alto 
del Taficillo, 4 March 1 951 , Singer T 1 339 
(LIL). [Published in 1952]. 



radicata Singer, 1953b: 18 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Anta Muer- 

ta, 11 January 1952, Singer T 1718 (LIL) 
reticulatorugosa Singer in Singer & Digilio, 
1 951 e: 299 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Taff del Val- 
le, 1 3 January 1 950, Singer T 869 (LIL). 
[Published in 1952]. 
roberti Singer & Hausknecht, 1992b: 97 

HOLOTYPE: Austria. Maissau, 18 September 

1984, Hausknecht S 1228 (WU 9220) 
stictospora Singer, 1989a: 104 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: 30 km N of 
Manaus, 25 May 1 977, Singer B 97 1 5 (INPA) 
striatipes var. sejuncta Singer & Hausknecht, 
1988d:119 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Catamarca: Suncho, 
near Santa Rosa, 20 January 1 952, Singer T 
1792 (LIL) 
subvelata Singer, 1950a: 139 



HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Taff del Val- 
le, Parque Aconquija, Sierra de San Javier, 12 
Marcli 1 949, Singer T 202 (LIL) 
subxeropliytica Singer & Hauskneclit, 1992b: 
80 

HOLOTYPE: Austria. Vienna: Lobau, Leinerau 
near Mitteiwasser, 27 May 1984, Hauskneclit 
S1 132 (WU 5223). Isotype: F 

tenera f. excentrica Singer, 1 950a: 1 40 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Buenos Aires: Garibal- 
di, 30 May 1949, Singer S 44 (LIL) 
tenerrima Singer in Singer & Digilio, 1 95 le: 
292 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucumdn: Garden of 
the Institute Lillo, 24 February 1951, Singer 
T 1320 (LIL). [Published in 1952]. 
tenerrima var. monticola Singer, 1 969a: 206 
HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Taff del Val- 

le, 1 January 1 950, Singer T 842 (LIL) 
tetraspora Singer, 1969a: 209 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Buenos Aires: San Cle- 
mente de Tuy, 21 October 1 965, Singer S 552 
(BAFC) 



tuxtlaensis Singer, 1989a: 105 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Veracruz, Estacion Biol- 
ogica de las Tuxtlas, 23 June 1969, Singer M 
8185(F) 

xeropliytica Singer in Singer & Digilio, 1 95 le: 
294 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Tapia, 15 
April 1 951 , Singer T 1 494 (LIL). [Published 
in 1952]. 
xylophila Singer, 1969a: 208 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Coquimbo: Fray Jorge, 16 
April 1967, Singer M 6531 (SGO) 

COPELANDIA 

chlorocystis Singer & Weeks, 1979a: 469 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Florida: Dade County, Red- 
lands Fruit and Spice Park, Homestead, July 
1976, Hearn(F) 

COPRINITES Poinar Jr. & Singer, 1 990f: 1 099 
(Fossil genus) 



Type species: Coprinites dominicana Poinar, Jr. 
& Singer 

dominicana Poinar, Jr. & Singer, 1990f: 1099 
HOLOTYPE: Dominican Repubiic. Santiago: 
Cordiiiera septentrionai, between Santiago 
and Puerto Piata, Tine La Toca mine, AF-9- 1 1 
(Fossii species) 

COPRINUS 

carbonicoia Singer, 1969a: 176 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Rio Negro: Naliuei 
Huapf Nationai Park, Brazo Tristeza, 7 May 
1964, Singer M 3975 (BAFC) 
Inerbivorus Singer, 1973d: 70 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Jujuy: Lagunas de 

Yaia, 9 February 1 965, Singer T 3929 (F) 
liyiaeae Singer, 1978li:49 

HOLOTYPE: Ecuador. Napo: Lago Agrio, 17 
May 1973, Singer B 7524(F) 

Index to Genera, Species, and Infraspecific Taxa 23 



[Begin Page: Page 24] 

COPRINUS 

hypsizygus Singer, 1969a: 177 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Vaidivia: Cordiiiera Peiada, 
7 May 1965, Singer M 5576-5776a (BAFC) 
pliylladopliilus Singer, 1969a: 180 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Buenos Aires: Sierra 
de Tandil, Finca Pascuala, 1 6 November 1 962, 
Singer S 365 (BAFC) 
saccosporm Singer, 1969a: 179 

HOLOTYPE: Cliile. Osorno: Lago Puyeliue, 14 

September 1967, Singer M 7507 (SGO) 
sclerobasidium Singer, 1969a: 179 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Lago Lacar, 

Pucara, 6 November 1966, Singer M 6014 

(BAFC) 

subrenispermus Singer, 1969a: 182 

HOLOTYPE: Cliile. Santiago: Lagunas de Acu- 
leo, 24 September 1967, Singer M 7789 



(SGO) 

uspallatae Singer, 1969a: 178 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Mendoza: Upsaiiata, 
14 January 1966, Singer (BAFC). No coiiec- 
tion number given. 

CORIOLUS 

fernandezianus Singer, 1959c: 374, 376 

HOLOTYPE: CIniie. Juan Fernandez Isiand: 
MasaTierra, Ouebrada Pangai, 16 February 
1955, Sparre F 7 (S). Isotype: LIL? 

CORTINARIUS 

aberrans Signer, 1949b: 96 

Type information: Finland. Karelia: Kivacz, Au- 
gust 1936 (LE?) 
amazonicm Singer & Araujo, 1983f: 193 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: Road Manaus- 
Caracaraf, km 45, 5 May 1980, Singer & Ar- 
aujo [Singer no.] B 12139 (INPA) 
arcticus Singer, 1938e: 15 

Type information: USSR. (LE?) 



boyacensis Singer, 1963b: 242 

Type information: Colombia. Boyaca: Tunja, Ar- 
cabuco, Finca del Senor Luis Antonio Porras, 
no date, (BAFC). no collector named, 
campinaranae Singer & Araujo, 1 983f : 1 96 
HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: Road Manaus- 
Caracaraf, km 125, 22 May 1978, Singer & 
Araujo [Singer no.] B 1 1 021 (INPA) 
flavornatus Singer, 1 931 : 539 

Type information: USSR. Caucasus: Kha. 
galeriniformis Singer & Araujo, 1 983f: 1 94 
HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: Road Manaus- 
Caracarai, km 125, 22 May 1978, Singer & 
Araujo [Singer no.] B 1 1 026 (INPA) 
gigasporus Singer, 1938e: 15 

Type information: USSR. Leningrad, December 
1935, Singer (LE?) 

kerrii Singer & Araujo, 1 983f: 1 91 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: Road Manaus- 
Caracarai, km 130, 24 March 1978, Kerr & 
Singer [Singer no.] B 10861 (INPA) 
kivaczensis Singer, 1949b: 95 



Type information: Finiand. Kareiia: Kivacz, 4 

September 1935 (LE?) 
megaspoms Singer, 1949b: 95 

Type information: Finland. Karelia: Kivacz, 16 

September 1935 (LE?) 
sphagneti Singer, 1949b: 95 

Type information: Finland. Karelia: Kivacz, 30 

September 1935 (LE?) 

umbilicatus Singer & Araujo, 1983f: 195 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: Road Manaus- 
Caracarai, km 125, 20 July 1978, Singer & 
Araujo [Singer no.] B 1 1 31 3 (INPA) 
velutinellus Singer, 1949b: 96 

Type information: Finland. Karelia: Kivacz, 31 
August 1935 (LE?) 

CRATERELLUS 

boyacensis Singer, 1963b: 239 

HOLOTYPE: Colombia. Boyaca: Tunja, Arca- 
buco, Finca del Senor Luis Antonia Porras, 29 



July 1960, Singer B 3598 (BAFC) 

CREPIDOTUS 

acanthosyrinus Singer in Singer & Digiiio, 
1 951 e: 411 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Tapia, 3 Juiy 
1949, Singer T 591 (LIL). [Pubiislned in 
1952]. 

aibidus var. bisporus Singer, 1973a: 436, 478 
HOLOTYPE: Brazii. Rio de Janeiro: Angra dos 
Reis, 31 September 1952, Singer B 440 (FH) 
aibidus var. boliviae Singer, 1973a: 434, 478 
HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Jujuy: Valle del Rio 
Lozano, 1 8 February 1 966, Singer T 5274 (F) 
ampullicystis Singer, 1973a: 460, 478 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Veracruz: 7 km S of 
Montepio, Estacion Biologica de las Tuxtlas, 
19 June 1969, Singer M 8032 (F) 
applanatus var. subglobiger Singer, 1973a: 383, 
478 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Oaxaca: San Augustustfn, 

lOJuly 1969, Singer M 8400(F) 



aristoteliae Signer, 1959c: 398, 399 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Juan Fernandez Isiand: 
Masa Tierra, Lower Quebrada Pangai, 24 
Marcli 1955, Sparre F 68 (S). Isotype: LIL? 
austraiis Singer, 1973a: 418, 478 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Misiones: Iguazii, Re- 
fugio Yaguarete, 16 April 1957, Singer M 
1030 (BAFC) 

24 Chapter Three 



[Begin Page: Page 25] 

CREPIDOTUS 

austroandinus Singer, 1969a: 327 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Llanquihue: Puella, 20 

March 1959, Singer M 1868 (BAFC) 
bullulifer Singer, 19651: 182 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Valdivia: Cordillera Pelada, 

28 March 1963, Singer M 3203 (BAFC) 



calolepis var. heterocystis Singer, 1973a: 469, 
478 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Veracruz: 7 km S of 

Montepio, EstaciSn Bioiogica de ias Tuxtias, 

19 June 1969, Singer M 8029 (F) 

caioiepis ssp. poiycystis Singer, 1973a: 475, 478 

HOLOTYPE: Costa Rica. San Jose: Cerro de ias 

Vueitas, 1 December 1925-1 January 1926, 

Standiey & Vaieria s. n. (BPI) 

caioiepis ssp. tigrensis var. januarius Singer, 

1973a: 474, 478 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Sierra de 
San Javier, Ciudad Universitaria, 16 January 
1955, Singer T 2020 (LIL) 
catamarcae Singer, 1973a: 422, 478 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Catamarca: Rio Clnac- 
ras, 1 1 February 1952, Singer T 1821 (BAFC) 
citricoior Singer in Singer & Digiiio, 1951e: 
411 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Ouebrada de 
Luies, 1 8 December 1 951 , Singer T 1 656 
(LIL). [Pubiislned in 1952]. 
cristuiatus Singer, 1957a: 369 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Oaxaca: Huautia de Jim- 



nez, 10 July 1957, Singer M 1516 (MICH). 
Type information is from an annotation slip 
attached to the original publication, 
decipiens Singer, 1973a: 365, 478 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Morelos: NW of Tepoz- 

tlan, 18 July 1969, Singer M 8467 (F) 
defibulatus Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 
410 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Buenos Aires: Santa 
Catalina, 7 June 1949, Singer S 90 (LIL). 
[Published in 1952]. 
epigloeus Singer, 1973a: 462, 479 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Veracruz: 7 km S of 
Montepio, Estacion Biol6gica de las Tuxtlas, 
19 June 1969, Singer M 8026 (F) 
eucalypticola Singer, 1978h: 73 

HOLOTYPE: Ecuador. Pichincha: above Ouito, 

5 May 1973, Singer B 7249 (F) 
guzmanii Singer, 1973a: 415, 479 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Veracruz: Coyame, 23 



June 1969, Singer M 8174 (F) 
harperi Singer, 1959n: 586 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Virginia: Bedford, May 

1919, Harper 1177(F) 

Inarperi var. minor Singer, 1973a: 363, 479 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Dto. Federai: Cerro Oco- 
piazco, 27 June 1 969, Singer M 821 6 (F) 

icterinm Singer, 1973a: 395, 479 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: San Pedro 

de Colalao, 23 January 1955, Singer T 2058 

(LIL) 

igapoensis Singer, 1989a: 121 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: Igarape do Tar- 

umazinlio, 12 Marcin 1980, Singer B 12019 

(INPA) 

kriegisteineri Singer, 1988b: 69 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Florida: Coral Gables, 28 

September 1970, Gill (F) 

latifolius var. appendiculatus Singer, 1973a: 360, 
479 



HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Horco Mol- 

le, 30 April 1 960, Singer T 3623 (BAFC) 
latifolius var. veraecrucis Singer, 1973a: 360, 
479 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Veracruz: 3 km S of 

Montepio, 30 Juiy 1969, Singer M 8761 (F) 
levisporus Singer, 1973a: 442, 479 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Veracruz: Tlilapa, 24 June 

1969, Singer M 8195(F) 

luridus var. luridus Singer, 1973a: 419, 479 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Morelos: NW of Tepoz- 

tlan, 27 June 1969, Singer M 8247 (F) 
luridus var. minutus Singer, 1 973a: 421 , 479 
HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Veracruz: 7 km S of 
Montepio, Estacion Biologica de las Tuxtlas, 

19 June 1969, Singer M 8032a (F) 

luridus var. oaxacae Singer, 1973a: 420, 479 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Oaxaca: Rancho del Cura 
below Huautia, 7 July 1 969, Singer M 831 7 



(F) 

martini Singer, 1955a: 775 

HOLOTYPE: Panama. Zona Canaiis: Barro Coi- 
orado Isiand, 7 Juiy 1952, Martin & Weiden 
7494 (F) 
mexicanus Singer, 1973a: 413, 479 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Veracruz: 7 km S of 
Montepio, Estaci6n Bioiogica de ias Tuxtias, 

20 June 1969, Singer M 8059 (F) 
moiiiformis Singer, 1973a: 441 , 480 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Moreios: NW of Tepoz- 

tian, 1 Juiy 1969, Singer M 8262 (F) 
neplirodes var. meristocystis Singer, 1954b: 
146, 147 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Nalnuei Hua- 
pf Nationai Park, Quetriliue, 20 May 1952, 
Singer M 792 (LIL) 
neplirodes var. minimus Singer, 1954b: 147 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Nalnuei Hua- 
pf Nationai Park, Isia Victoria, 17 May 1952, 
Singer M 731 (LIL) 



palmarum Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 
406 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Misiones: Cataratas del 
Iguazu, 27 November 1949, Singer & Digilio 
[Singer no.] M 135 (LIL). [Published in 
1952]. 

Index to Genera, Species, and Infraspecific Taxa 25 



[Begin Page: Page 26] 

CREPIDOTUS 

parlatorei Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 
412 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Sierra de 
San Javier, 6 January 1 950, Singer T 825 
(LIL). [Published in 1952]. 
pilosiceps Singer, 1989a: 121 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: 30 km N of 
Manaus, 18 January 1978, Singer B 10556 
(INPA) 

podocarpi Singer in Singer & Digilio, 1951e: 



413 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Sierra de 
San Javier, 6 January 1 950, Singer T 623 
(LIL). [Publislned in 1952]. 
polylepidis Singer, 1961b: 79 

HOLOTYPE: Venezuela. Merida: Sierra de San- 
to Domingo, 24 July 1958, Dennis 1726 (K) 
quitensis var. basicrinitus Singer, 1973a: 363, 
480 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Taff del Val- 
le, Valle de San Javier, 1 5 August 1 946, Di- 
gilio & Grassi 791 (LIL) 
roseolus Singer, 1973a: 350, 480 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina.: Tucuman, Tucuman, 
Jardin del institute M. Lillo, 20 February 
1955, Singer T 2186 (LIL) 
roseus Singer, 1947g: 87 

Type information: USA. Florida: Dade Co., Mi- 
ami, Matheson Hammock, 30 October 1942, 
Singer (FH). [Published in 1948]. 
rubriceps Singer, 1973a: 397, 480 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Sao Paulo: Sierra de Can- 



tareira, Reserva Forestal, 17 December 1964, 
Singer B 4098 (F) 
schusteri Singer, 19895: 796 

HOLOTYPE: Henderson Islands (South Pacific), 

13 May 1987, Schuster 00008 (F) 
serotinus Singer, 196 lb: 79 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Arroyo Mis- 

ta, 1 5 June 1 955, Singer T 2782 (LIL) 
sphaerosporus var. austrocedri Singer, 1969a: 
325 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Ouetrihue, 

16 May 1952, Singer M 672 (LIL) 
stercorarius Singer in Singer & Digilio, 1951e: 
409 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tierra del Fuego: Rio 
Grande, Estancia Nueva Argentina, 21 Feb- 
ruary 1950, Singer M 400 (LIL). [Published 
in 1952]. 

sublevisporus Singer in Singer & Digilio, 1951e: 
410 



HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman, 18 Decem- 
ber 1948, Singer & Digilio [Singer no.] T 25 
(LIL). [Publislned in 1952]. 
tigrensis var. valdiviensis Singer, 1965i: 183 
HOLOTYPE: CInile. Valdivia: Rio Hueycolla, 30 
Marcli 1963, Singer M 3243 (BAFC) 

truncatus var. microcarpus Singer, 1973a: 378, 
480 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Rio Las Pa- 
vas, 3 km W of Santa Rosa, 17 December 
1950, Singer T 1056 (LIL) 
tuxtlae Singer, 1973a: 439, 480 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Veracruz: 3 km S of 
Montepio, 22 June 1969, Singer M 8138 (F) 
variisporus Singer in Singer & Digilio, 1951e: 
413 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Sierra de 
San Javier, Anta Muerta, 31 October 1949, 
Singer T 741 (LIL). [Published in 1952]. 
velutinoaffinis Singer, 1961b: 78 

HOLOTYPE: Venezuela. Merida: Sierra de San- 
to Domingo, 31 July 1958, Dennis 1801 (K) 
xanthocephalus Singer, 1973a: 396, 480 



HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Taff del Val- 
le, Quebradita del Mastil, 17 February 1965, 
Singer T 4083 (F) 
xanthophaeus Singer, 1973a: 455, 480 

HOLOTYPE: Venezuela. Dto. Federal: Caracas 
Botanic Garden, 1 July 1 958, Dennis 1 1 28 (K) 
yungicola Singer, 1973a: 443, 480 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, 
Capillaria, 22 February 1956, Singer B 1335 
(BAFC). B 1422 cited as type in Latin diag- 
nosis. 

CRINIPELLIS 

albipes Singer, 1976a: 36 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Veracruz: 7 km S of 
Montepio, Estacion Biologica de las Tuxtlas, 
20 June 1969, Singer M 8083 (F) 
alcalivirens Singer, 1976a: 37 

HOLOTYPE: Colombia. Cundinamarca: Salto 

de Tequendama, 24 July 1 960, Singer B 351 

(F) 

austrorubida Singer, 1976a: 43 



HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Rio de los 
Sosas, 1 8 January 1 950, Singer T 91 7 (LIL) 
carecomoeis var. litseae Singer, 1942a: 489 
HOLOTYPE: Pliilippines. Laguna: Mt. Makil- 
ing, 5 September 1917, Catalan 4464 (FH). 
[Publislned in 1943]. 

carecomoeis var. subelata Singer, 1942a: 488 
HOLOTYPE: New Caledonia. Col d'Amien, 

1907, Le Rat 97 (FH). [Published in 1943]. 
catamarcensis Singer, 1953b: 12 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Catamarca: Valle de 
Suncho, above Alto de la Junta, 17 January 
1952, Singer T 1745 (LIL) 
commixta Singer in Sing.& Digilio, 1953b: 1 1 
HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Tapia, 6 Jan- 
uary 1 952, Singer T 1 71 (LIL) 

26 Chapter Three 



[Begin Page: Page 27] 



CRINIPELLIS 



commixta var. junta Singer, 1976a: 33 



HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Arroyo Mis- 

ta, 1 5 June 1 955, Singer T 2791 (LIL) 
coroicae Singer, 1976a: 27 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, Co- 

roico, 26 January 1956, Singer B 558 (F) 
dicotyledonum Singer in Singer & Digilio, 1951e: 
221 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Rio de los 
Sosas, 27 January 1 951 , Singer T 1 1 40 (LIL). 
[Published in 1952]. 
dipterocarpi Singer, 1942a: 496 

Type information: Vietnam. Tonkin, Eberhardt 

(FN). [Published in 1943]. 

eggersii var. epiphyllus Singer, 1967a: 48 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor Yungas, 

Charobamba, 30 January 1956, Singer B 747 

(LIL) 

eggersii var. flavipes Singer, 1976a: 47 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. Pando: Madre de Dios, 28 



March 1 956, Singer B 231 (LIL) 
eggersii var. lilaceiceps Singer, 1976a: 49 

HOLOTYPE: Ecuador. Napo: Lago Agrio, 9 

May 1973, Singer B 7316(F) 
foiiicoia Singer, 1955a: 771 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Fiorida: Highiands County, 
Higliiands Hammock State Park, 2 September 
1942, Singer F 444a (F) 
gaieropsidoides Singer, 1989a: 66 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: Road Manaus- 
Caracaraf, km 45, 20 December 1977, Aguiar 
[Singer no.] B 10380 (INPA) 
gracilis Singer, 1976a: 14 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Pernambuco: Sao Louren- 
co, Mata do Sao Joao , 1 6 July 1 960, Singer 
B 3412(F) 
herrerae Singer, 1976a: 23 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Veracruz: 7 km S of 

Montepio, Estacion Biologica de las Tuxtlas, 

21 June 1969, Herrara [Singer no.] M 8125 

(F) 

insignis Singer, 1976a: 45 



HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. El Beni: Vaca Diez, Ri- 

beralta, 29 March 1956, Singer B 2320 (F) 
iopus Singer, 1939a: 64 

Type information: USSR. Kazakhstan: in the bo- 
tanical garden of Alma Ata, May 1937, Nev- 
odovski (LE?) 
macrosphaerigera Singer, 1953d: 138 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil?. 24 January 1946, Sehnem 

1917(C8339)(LIL) 

megalospora Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 
222 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Sierra de 
San Javier, Anta Muerte, January, Singer T 
1666 (LIL). [Published in 1952]. 

mexicana Singer, 1976a: 29 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Veracruz: Jalapa, 12-20 

December 1909, W. & E. Murrill 142 (NY) 
mirabilis Singer, 1942a: 497 



HOLOTYPE: New Caledonia. Between Col 
d'Amien and Mgropo, 1907, Le Rat 101 (FH). 
[Published in 1943]. 

missionensis Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 
226 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Misiones: Cataratas del 

Iguazii, 27 November 1949, Singer & Digilio 

[Singer no.] M 123 (LIL). [Published in 

1952]. 

patouillardii Singer, 1942a: 483 

HOLOTYPE: Japan. Benin Island, Wright 525 

(FH). [Published in 1943]. 
phyllophila Singer, 1957a: 358 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Oaxaca: Huautia de Ji- 
menez, 10-12 July 1957, Singer M 1507 
(MICH) 
piceae Singer, 1939a: 64 

Type information: USSR. Altai Mtns.: near Ku- 

rai, August, Singer & Vasilieva (LE?) 
podocarpi Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 
225 



HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Cerro Alto 
del Taficillo, 6 January 1950, Singer T 833 
(LIL). [Published in 1952]. 

pseudostipitaria ssp. occidentalis Singer, 1942a: 
470 

HOLOTYPE: Guadeloupe. Plateau des Rivieres, 

Duss 492 (FH). [Published in 1943]. 
pseudostipitaria ssp. occidentalis var. mesites 
Singer, 1942a: 471 

HOLOTYPE: Martinique. Pare du College de St. 
Pierre, August 1900, Duss 1877 (FH). [Pub- 
lished in 1943]. 

pseudostipitaria ssp. orientalis Singer, 1942a: 
472 

HOLOTYPE: Vietnam. Tonkin: La Pho, 23 July 

1909, Demange 275 (FH). [Published in 

1943]. 

purpurea Singer, 1976a: 44 

HOLOTYPE: Colombia. Valle: Call, Saladito, 



15 April 1968, Singer B 61 5 ia (F) 
rustica Singer, 1978li:25 

HOLOTYPE: Ecuador. Tunguraliua: Rio Topo, 

30 Aprii 1973, Singer B 7197 (F) 
sapindacearum Singer, 1976a: 39 

HOLOTYPE: Brazii. Paraiba: Joao Pessa, 11 

Juiy 1960, Singer B 3377(F) 
scliini Singer, 1976a: 20 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Catamarca: Hiii above 
Estancia Santa Rosa, near Rio Campo, 20 Jan- 
uary 1 952, Singer T 1 793 (LIL) 
septotriclia Singer, 1942a: 468 

HOLOTYPE: Guadeioupe. Basse Terre, 14 Juiy 
1 901 , Duss 51 3 (FH). [Pubiislied in 1 943]. 

Index to Genera, Species, and Infraspecific Taxa 27 



[Begin Page: Page 28] 



CRINIPELLIS 



sinensis Singer, 1989a: 67 

HOLOTYPE: CInina. Yunnan, between "Yung- 
bei" and "Tscliulisiung (Tsuyung)", 13 May 
1915, Handei-Mazzetti 6298 (WU) 
siparunae Singer, 1942a: 505 

Type information: USSR. Leningrad, Botanicai 
Garden, 10 June 1939, Singer (LE). [Pub- 
iislied in 1943]. Tliis species was also pub- 
lislied in 1943a: 115. 

tenuipilosa Singer in Singer & Digiiio, 195 ie: 
228 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Ouebrada de 
Luies, 24 January 1 951 , Singer T 1 1 1 9 (LIL). 
[Pubiislied in 1952]. 
tucumanensis Singer, 1976a: 40 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Yerba Bue- 
na, 1 2 February 1 955, Singer T 21 58 (LIL) 

CYPTOTRAMA Singer, 1960a: 375 

Type species: Cyptotrama macrobasidium Singer 

dennisii Singer, 1973d: 34 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Veracruz, 30 July 1969, 



Singer M 8763 (F) 
depauperatum Singer, 1978li: 43 

HOLOTYPE: Coiombia. Antioquia: Medeiiin, 

Boqueron, 20 Juiy 1974, Dumont CO 1750 

(F) 

liygrocyboides Singer, 1969a: 90 

HOLOTYPE: Clniie. Coquimbo: Fray Jorge, 1 6 

Aprii 1967, Singer M 6518 (SCO) 
macrobasidium Singer, 1960a: 376 

HOLOTYPE: Boiivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, near 
Coroico, 27 January 1956, Singer B 577 (LIL) 
niveum Singer, 1989a: 91 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: Igarape de Tar- 

umazinlio, 19 Marcin 1980, Singer B 12039 

(INPA) 

pauperum Singer, 1989a: 91 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: Road Manaus- 
Itacoatiara, km 65, 6 October 1977, Maas 
[Singer no.] B 101 80(F) 
platense Singer, 1969a: 92 



HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Buenos Aires: Punta 
Lara, 1 May 1966, Singer S 739 (BAFC) 

CYSTANGIUM Singer & Smitli, 1960li: 67 

Type species: Secotium sessiie Massee & Rod- 
way ex Rodway 

depauperatum Singer & Smitli, 1960li: 69 

HOLOTYPE: Clniie. Llanquilnue': Pueiia, 20 

Marcli 1959, Singer M 1921 (LIL) 
pineti Singer, 1985:417 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Veracruz: 5 km N of Vi- 
gos, 30 October 1982, Singer M 9514 (F) 

CYSTOAGARICUS Singer, 1947b: 85 
Type species: Noianea strobiiomyces Murr. 

jujuyensis Singer, 1973d: 65 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Jujuy: Lagunas de 
Yaia, 1 February 1 966, Singer T 501 2/21 (F) 
sacliaensis Singer, 1978li: 47 

HOLOTYPE: Ecuador. Napo: Saclia Norte, Sa- 
clna 4, 10 May 1973, Singer B 7357 (F) 



CYSTODERMA 

amianthinum f. olivaceum Singer, 1 945f: 1 1 1 
Type information: USSR. Siberia, Singer (LE) 
amiantliinum var. sublongisporum Singer, 1945f: 
112 

HOLOTYPE: USA. New York: Newcomb, Hun- 
tington Wild Life Forest, September 1941, 
Singer 97 (FH) 
australe Smitli & Singer, 1945f: 97 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Florida: Dade County, Ma- 
theson Hammock, 22 October 1942, Singer F 
1184 (FH) 
austrofallax Singer, 1969a: 174 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Valdivia: near Hueycolla, 4 

May 1967, Singer M 6682 (SGO) 
caucasicum Singer, 1945f: 105 

Type information: USSR. Western Caucasus: 

near Guseripl (LE) 

fallax Smith & Singer, 1 945f: 1 1 6 



Type information: USA. Smitli 17272 (MICH, 

FH) 

granuiosum var. typicum f. robustum Smitli & 
Singer, 1945f:87 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan: Milford, 15 Sep- 
tember 1938, Smith 10967 (MICH) 
paradoxum Smith & Singer, 1948d: 454 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Oregon: Mt. Hood National 

Forest, 19 October 1947, Smith 27987 

(MICH) 

ponderosum Smith & Singer, 1945f: 92 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Tennessee: Great Smoky 
Mountain National Park, Mt. Le Conte, 26 
July 1942, Hosier 14390 (TENN) 
subpurpureum Smith & Singer, 1948d: 457 
HOLOTYPE: USA. Oregon: Mt. Hood National 
Forest, Cedar Creek at Skyline Road, 25 Sep- 
tember 1947, Smith 26824 (MICH) 

CYSTOLEPIOTA Singer in Singer & Digilio, 
1 951 e: 281 . [Published in 1 952]. 

Type species: Cystolepiota constricta Singer 



albogilva Singer, 1989a: 98 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: Ponta Negra, 1 
January 1978, Singer B 10445 (INPA) 

28 Chapter Tliree 



[Begin Page: Page 29] 

CYSTOLEPIOTA 

amazonica Singer, 1989a: 99 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: 30 km N of 
Manaus, 1 8 May 1 977, Singer B 9643 (INPA). 
Although the type information is identical to 
that of Marasmiellus amazoniensis Singer 
(1989a: 26), the two species were based on 
different collections judging from Singer's un- 
published notebooks. See note under M. ama- 
zoniensis. 
aurantiaca Singer, 1973d: 65 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Santiago: near Ranque, 6 

July 1967, Singer M 7122 (SCO) 
australis Singer, 1969a: 167 



HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Nahuel Hua- 
pf National Park, Camino dei Brazo Biest, ios 
Cantaros, 23 Marcli 1963, Singer M 3153 
(BAFC) 

brunneotingens Singer in Singer & Digilio, 1951e: 
283 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Ouebrada de 
Lules, 23 April 1950, Antonuccio [Singer no.] 
T 977 (LIL). [Published in 1 952]. 
cinereofusca Singer, 1982d: 37 

HOLOTYPE: Costa Rica. Guanacaste: Parque 
Nacional Santa Rosa, 25 July 1981 , Gomez & 
Singer B 12453(F) 

constricta Singer in Singer & Digilio, 1951e: 
283 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Sierra de 
San Javier, 1 March 1 949, Singer T 1 73 (LIL). 
[Published in 1952]. 

luteifolia Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 
282 



HOLOTYPE: Peru. Huanuco: Tingo Maria, 31 
October 1948, Carpenter 112 (LIL). [Pub- 
lished in 1952]. 
martliae Singer, 1969a: 168 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Ouetrilnue, 7 
April 1963, M. Singer & Diem [Singer no.] 
M 3296 (BAFC) 
potassiovirens Singer, 1989a: 99 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: 30 km N of 

Manaus, 31 November 1977, Singer B 10247 

(INPA) 

pumanquensis Singer, 1973d: 66 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Colchagua: near Pumanque, 

25 July 1 967, Lazo PU-1 04 (SCO) 
rosea Singer, 1969a: 168 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Puerto Man- 
zano, Rio Bonito, 6 April 1963, Singer M 
3292 (BAFC) 

rubra Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 282 
HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Sierra de 
San Javier, 30 March 1 951 , Singer T 1 455 
(LIL). [Published in 1952]. 



DECONICA 

acutiuscula Singer, 1941b: 86 

Type information: Finiand. Kareiia: near Kivacz 

in Caucaso Cr., Singer (LE?) 

ainetorum Singer in Singer & Digiiio, 195 ie: 

332 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Jujuy: Lagunas de 
Yaia, 8 Aprii 1950, Singer T 955 (LIL). [Pub- 
iislied in 1952]. 

DENNISIOMYCES Singer, 1955d: 225 

Type species: Dennisiomyces giabrescentipes 
Singer 

fuscoaibus Singer, 1989a: 88 

HOLOTYPE: Brazii. Amazonas: Manaus, 29 

June 1977, Singer B 9896 (INPA) 
giabrescentipes Singer, 1955d: 225 

HOLOTYPE: Brazii. Pernambuco: Recife, Dois 



Irmaos, Jose de Silva & Batista 2223 (LIL) 
rionegrensis Singer, 1989a: 88 

HOLOTYPE: Brazii. Amazonas: Road Manaus- 
Caracaraf, km 45, 1 1 June 1 977, Singer B 
10071 (INPA) 

DERMOLOMA 

aposcenwn Singer, 1989a: 88 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Veracruz: 7 km S of Es- 
tacion Bioi6gica de Los Tuxtias, 28 Juiy 1969, 
Singer M 8708 (F) 
coryleti Singer & Clemen9on, 1 971 b: 1 20 

HOLOTYPE: Czeclioslovakia. Kremsier, 30 

September 1970, Singer C 5230 (F) 
pataguae Singer, 1989a: 89 

HOLOTYPE: Clnile. Colcliagua: Pumanque, 7 

August 1967, Lazo PV-130 (SCO) 
yungense Singer, 1973d: 61 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, 30 
January 1956, Singer B 700 (LIL, BAFC) 



DESCOLEA Singer, 19501: 256 

Type species: Descolea antarctica Singer 

antarctica Singer, 1950i: 257 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tierra del Fuego, 18 
February 1950, Singer M 144a (LIL) 

DIACANTHODES Singer, 1945c: 141 
Type species: Daedalea pliilippinensis Pat. 

DICTYOPANUS 

pusillus var. pseudorlnipidium Singer, 1953b: 14 
HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Anta Muer- 
ta, 16 February 1952, Singer 1868 (LIL) 

Index to Genera, Species, and Infraspecific Taxa 29 



[Begin Page: Page 30] 

ECCILIA 

ECCILIA 

undata var. ombrophila Singer, 1947c: 219 
Type information: collected in 1934. 



ELASMOMYCES 

camphoratus Singer & Smith, 1960li: 62 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Wasliington: Lake Quinault, 

5 November 1925, Brown s.n. (MICH) 
odoratus Singer & Smitli, 1960li: 57 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Wasliington: Mt. Rainier 

National Park, 23 July 1948, Smith 29303 

(MICH) 

roseipes Singer & Smith, 1960h: 64 

HOLOTYPE: USA. California: near Trinidad, no 

date, White 171 (MICH) 

zellerianus Singer & Smith, 1960h: 61 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Washington: Lake Quinault, 
26 October 1925, Brown s.n. (MICH) 

ENDOLEPIOTULA Singer, 1963a: 260 
Type species: Endolepiotula ruizlealii Singer 

ruizlealii Singer, 1963a: 260 



HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Mendoza: Santa Rosa, 
Las Catitas, 10 March 1941, Ruiz Leai 7. 616 
(Ruiz Leai's lierbarium). Fragments of tlie 
type at BAFC and MICH. 

ENDOPTYCHUM 

depressum Singer & Smitli, 1958n: 216 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Idalio, Seven Deviis' Mtns., 
23 August 1954, Smith 46579 (MICH) 

ENTOLOMA 

pyrenaica Singer, 1 947c: 21 9 

Type information: Spain. Catalonia: Riberade 
Sant Maurici, 1934. 

EPICNAPHUS Singer, 1960f: 274, 279 
Type species: Epicnaphus phalaropus Singer 

phalaropus Singer, 1960f: 275, 279 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. Pando: Manuripi, Con- 
quista, 24 March 1 956, Singer B 21 75 (LIL) 

FAVOLASCHIA 



alsophilae Singer, 1974b: 73, 102 

HOLOTYPE: Colombia. Valle: Dagua road near 

km 25, 28 April 1968, Singer B 6443 (F) 
andina Singer, 1974b: 68, 102 

HOLOTYPE: Colombia. Cundinamarca: Paramo 
Chisaca-Sumapas, 8 May 1968, Singer B 7022 
(F) 

aurantiaca Singer, 1974b: 33, 101 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. Pando: Manuripi, Con- 

quista, 25 March 1 956, Singer B 21 99 (F) 
calocera var. claudopus Singer, 1974b: 38, 101 
HOLOTYPE: New Zealand. North Island: Wai- 
temata County, Waitarua, Waitakere Ranges, 
July 1973, Beavers, n. (F) 
dealbata Singer, 1955a: 763 

HOLOTYPE: Panama. Chiriqui: Casita Alta 
above Boquete, 31 July 1952, Martin & Wei- 
den 8070 (F) 
dumontii Singer, 1974b: 61, 102 

HOLOTYPE: Venezuela. Merida: El Pino, 16 



km E of Apartaderos, 1 9 July 1 971 , Dumont 
and others VE 2480 (NY) 
echinata Singer, 1950e: 253 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Los Sosas, 

1 9 January 1 950, Singer T 91 9 (LIL) 
fendleri Singer, 1974b: 32, 101 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Sao Paulo: Reserva Flores- 
tal do Horto, Florestal, Serra de Cantareira, 17 
December 1 964, Singer & Furtado B41 1 8 (F) 
filopes Singer & Fidalgo, 1965f: 1 1 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Sao Paulo: Sao Paulo, 

Parque do Estado, 1961, Furtado SP 60965 

(SP) 

furfurella Singer, 1974b: 87, 103 

HOLOTYPE: Venezuela. Merida: Parque Na- 
cional Sierra Nevada, 25 July 1 971 , Dumont 
and others VE 2991 (NY) 
heliconiae Singer, 1974b: 58, 101 

HOLOTYPE: Venezuela. Sucre: Trail from Los 
Pocitos to Rio Grande Arriba, 13 July 1972, 
Dumont and others VE 5029 (NY) 
intermedia ssp. pulverulenta var. dicotyledonea 
Singer, 1974b: 95, 104 



HOLOTYPE: Trinidad. River Estate, Diego 

Martin, 29 September 1949, Dennis 95 (K) 
intermedia ssp. puiveruienta var. dennisiana 
Singer, 1974b: 95, 104 

HOLOTYPE: Venezueia. Merida: La Montana 
above Merida, 30 July 1 971 , Dumont and otii- 
ers VE 3454 (NY) 

intermedia ssp. puiveruienta var. tetraspora 
Singer, 1974b: 97, 104 

HOLOTYPE: Venezueia. Trujiiio: between Es- 
cuque, and La Mesa de San Pedro, 31 Juiy 
1 971 , Dumont and otiiers VE 351 6 (NY) 
mainsii Singer, 1974b: 60, 101 

HOLOTYPE: Beiize. Ei Cayo: Vaientin, 25 June 

1936, Mains s. n. (BPI) 
meridae Singer, 1974b: 84, 103 

HOLOTYPE: Venezueia. Merida: Parque Na- 
cionai Sierra Nevada, Laguna Negra, 18 Juiy 
1 971 , Dumont and otiiers VE 231 7 (NY) 
montana Singer, 1974b: 70, 102 



HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Jujuy: Lagunas de 
Yala, 1 1 February 1 966, Singer T 5056 (F) 

30 Chapter Tliree 



[Begin Page: Page 31] 

FAVOLASCHIA 

oligogloea Singer, 1 974b: 78, 1 03 

HOLOTYPE: Ecuador. Napo: Lago Agrio, 8 

May 1973, Singer B 7278(F) 
oligopora Singer, 1 974b: 25, 1 01 

HOLOTYPE: Colombia. Valle: Call, Buenaven- 
tura, San Joaquin, 22 April 1968, Singer B 
6279 (F) 
pantherina Singer, 1 974b: 74, 1 03 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Misiones: Iguazii, Re- 
fugio Yaguarete, 15 April 1957, Singer M 
1003(F) 
pterigena Singer, 1950e: 255 



HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Sierra Mu- 

noz, 1 3 January 1 950, Singer T 862 (LIL) 
pterigena var. boiiviana Singer, 1974b: 56, 101 
HOLOTYPE: Boiivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, Car- 
men Pampa, 1 February 1956, Singer B 817 
(F) 

pterigena var. purpurea Singer, 1974b: 57, 101 
HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, Ca- 
taratas de San Juan, 28 January 1956, Singer 
B 603 (F) 
pubemla Singer, 1974b: 71, 102 

HOLOTYPE: Venezuela. Dto. Federal: Mt. La 

Naiguata, 25 June 1 971 , Dumont and others 

VE710(NY) 

roseogrisea Singer, 1974b: 82, 103 

HOLOTYPE: Colombia. Tolima: road from Ca- 
jamarca to Calana, 1 1 April 1 968, Singer B 
6035 (F) 

sabalensis var. geonematis Singer, 1974b: 36, 
101 

HOLOTYPE: Ecuador. Napo: Shushufindi, 15 

May 1973, Singer B 7441 (F) 



subamyloidea Singer, 1974b: 89, 104 

HOLOTYPE: Venezuela. Sucre: NW of Irapa, 9 
July 1972, Dumont and others VE 4425 (NY) 
teapae Singer, 1974b: 64, 102 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Rio Teapa, between Ixta- 
comitan and Solusuchiapa, 1 August 1969, 
Singer M 8798 (F) 

thwaitesii ssp. dybowskyana Singer, 1945g: 21 1 

Type information: Uganda [Protectorate]. Near 

Tropical Inst, at Mulange, Dummer (Patouilla) 

thwaitesii ssp. zenkeriana Singer, 1945g: 21 1 

Type information: Liberia. Oulah, August 1926, 

Under (FH?) 

varariotecta Singer, 1945g: 201 

Type information: British West Indies. Grand 

Etang, Thaxter (FH) 

violascens Singer, 1974b: 88, 103 



HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, Car- 
men Pampa, 17 February 1956, Singer B 1227 
(F) 

FAYODIA 

agioea Singer & Passauer, 1979c: 299 

HOLOTYPE: Austria. Upper Austria, 2 May 
1976, Moog/Passauer (W) 

bispliaerigera var. grisea Singer, 1947c: 243 
Type information: Spain. Catalonia, between 

Bossost and Portillo, October 1934. 
deusta Singer & Clemenson, 197 lb: 123 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan: Cheboygan 
County, Bryant Road, 24 July 1968, Clemen- 
qon 680724-0 (LAU) 

dusenii var. griseilamellata Singer, 1952c: 220 
HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tierra del Fuego, Es- 
tancia Nueva Argentina, 10 February 1950, 
Singer M 162 (LIL) 
marthae Singer & Clemen9on, 1 971 b: 1 22 

HOLOTYPE: Italy. Savoja: Val Feret, Frebouze, 
8 June 1 971 , M. Singer [Singer no.] C 5383 



(F) 

metuloidigera Singer, 1989a: 90 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Jujuy: Lagunas de 

Yaia, 9 February 1 965, Singer T 391 (F) 
tenuisperma Singer, 1969a: 146 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Naliuel Hua- 
pi National Park, Arroyo Frutillas, 24 April 
1965, Singer M 3620 (BAFC) 
tetrasphaerigera Singer, 1965e: 38 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Rio Grande do Sul: Gua- 
nabara, Floresta de Tijuca, 28 October 1961, 
Singer B 4046 (BAFC) 
tilieti Singer, 1943a: 63 

Type information: USSR. Moldavia, August- 
September. 

FISTULINELLA 

alfaroae Singer & Gomez, 199 la: 77, 88 

HOLOTYPE: Costa Rica. Limon: Valle de la Es- 
trella, 5 August 1 986, Singer, Gomez & Alfaro 
[Singer no.] B 14621 (F) 



campinaranae Singer, 1978a: 436 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: Road Manaus- 
Caracaraf, km 45, 1 8 Juiy 1 977, Singer B 
10109 (INPA) 

campinaranae var. scrobicuiata Singer, 1983f: 
148 

HOLOTYPE: Brazii. Amazonas: Road Manaus- 
Caracarai, km 45, 31 Marcli 1980, Webber & 
Singer [Singer no.] B 12089 (INPA) 
conica var. belizensis Singer, 1983f: 140 

HOLOTYPE: Belize. Augustine: Forest Station, 

17 June 1976, Ivory S/1 14 (F) 
wolfeana Singer & Garcia, 1 99 la: 82, 88 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Hidalgo: Minas Viejas, 
31 July 1981, Garcia 658(F) 

FLAM MU LA 

freindlingiae Singer, 1936g: 170, 171 
Type information: USSR. (LE?) 

BIOL08Y 



191 



HALL 



Index to Genera, Species, and Infraspecific Taxa 31 



APR? 8 



[Begin Page: Page 32] 

FLAM MU LA 

lenticeps Singer, 1941e: 97 

Type information: Finland. Karelia, August, 

Freindling & Singer (LE?) 
maackiae Singer, 1941e: 97 

Type information: USSR. Khaborovsk: Oriens 

Extr., September, Ljubarski (LE?) 
semiimbricata Singer, 1937: 240, 241 

Type information: USSR. Western Caucasus: In 
valley Flum, Malaja Laba, spring 1936, Vas- 
iljeva (LE?) 



FULVIDULA 

alpina Singer, 1937:239 

Type information: USSR. Caucasus: Mt. 
Goultcini, In valle Urzuacski., July-August 
1936, Vasilieva. 
janthinosarx Singer, 1941e: 92 

Type information: USSR. Altai Mtns.: Katun, 
July 1937, Singer (LE?) 

GALERINA 

aberrant Smith & Singer, 1955e: 582 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan: Cheboygan 
County, Whitemore Lake, Mud Lake Bog, 25 
September 1933, Smith 33-1024 (MICH) 
acicola Smith & Singer, 1955e: 562 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Oregon: Mt. Hood National 
Forest, Little Crater Lake, 5 October 1946, 
Smith 24101 (MICH) 
agloea Smith & Singer, 1955e: 574 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Washington: Mt. Rainier 



National Park, Carbon River, 2 October 1952, 
Smitli 40462 (MICH) 
aimara Singer, 1964h: 112 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, Co- 

tapata, 25 January 1956, Singer B 502 

(MICH) 

allospora Smith & Singer, 1955e: 585 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan: Cheboygan Coun- 
ty, Mud Lake Bog, 12 October 1953, Smith 
44038 (MICH) 
alpestris Singer, 1974a: 372 

HOLOTYPE: Switzerland. Valais, Glacier Lake 
below Glacier de Moiry, 1 4 August 1 971 , 
Singer 5494 (F) 
andina Singer, 1964h: 144 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, Co- 

tapata, 25 January 1956, Singer B 509 

(MICH) 

anelligera Smith & Singer, 19581: 475 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Idaho: Payette Lakes, South 
fork of Lake Fork, 17 September 1956, Shaf- 
fer (Smith no:) 53494 (MICH) 
angustifolia Smith & Singer, 1 964h: 31 7 



HOLOTYPE: USA. Colorado: Lizard Head 
Pass, 10 August 1956, Smith 52000 (MICH) 

antarctica Singer, 1962d: 13 

HOLOTYPE: Antarctica. Peninsula, Costa de 
Danco, 5 January 1958, Corte 1.024/CE 
50.134 (lAA: Institute Antartico Argentine, 
no longer exists), 
arenaria Singer, 1953d: 124 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Rio Grande do Sul: Pared, 

2 November 1 951 , Singer B 70 (LIL) 
asteliae Singer, 1969a: 315 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Valdivia: Cordillera Pelada, 

30 April 1967, Singer M 6557 (SGO) 
austrocalyptrata Smith & Singer, 1964h: 82 
HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Nahuel Hua- 
pi National Park, Puerto Blest, path to Cn- 
taros, 23 April 1958, Pujols & Gamundi 50 
(LIL). Isotype: MICH 

austrocalyptrata var. olivaceolamellata Singer, 

1964h:83 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Llanquihue: Puella, 21 



March 1959, Singer M 1945 (LIL) 
berteroana Singer, 1969a: 306 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Rio Negro: Naliuel 
Huapi National Park, Brazo Tristeza, 6 May 
1964, Singer M 3998 (BAFC) 
boliviana Singer, 1964ln: 58 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, Co- 

tapata, 28 January 1956, Singer B 628a 

(MICH) 

borealis Smith & Singer, 19581: 470 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Idaho: Granite Creek, near 
Nordman, 1 5 October 1 956, Smith 54772 
(MICH) 

bullulifera Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 
375 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Tafi del Val- 
le, Parque Aconquija, 1 July 1 949, Singer T 
600 (LIL). [Published in 1952]. 
californica Smith & Singer, 19581: 470 

HOLOTYPE: USA. California: Trinidad, 4 De- 
cember 1956, Smith 56299 (MICH) 
cascadensis Smith & Singer, 1955e: 571 



HOLOTYPE: USA. Washington: Mt. Rainier 

Nationai Park, 19 October 1952, Smitli 41144 

(MICH) 

castaneipes Smitli & Singer, 19581: 472 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Oregon: Grants Pass, 12 

November 1956, Smith 55523 (MICH) 
castanescens Smith & Singer, 19581: 471 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Idaho: Granite Creek, Nord- 
man, 9 October 1956, Smith 54347 (MICH) 
cedretorwn var. austroandina Singer, 1964h: 
281 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Rio Negro: Nahuei 
Huapi Nationai Park , Rio Frias, path to Paso 
de ios Nubes, 1 6 March 1 959, Singer M 1 849 
(LIL) 

32 Chapter Three 



[Begin Page: Page 33] 



GALERINA 



cedretorum var. bispora Smith & Singer, 1 964li: 
280 

HOLOTYPE: Smith 56162 (MICH). Type local- 
ity not given. 

cedretorum \ar.filiformis Smith & Singer, 1964h: 
282 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Washington: Mt. Rainier 
National Park, near Green Lake, 17 October 

1952, Smith 41032 (MICH) 

cedretorum var. variabilis Smith & Singer, 1964h: 

284 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Colorado: San Juan Mtns., 

13 August 1956, Smith 52126 (MICH) 
cerina Smith & Singer, 1955e: 563 

Type information: USA. 7/88 (MICH) 

cerina var. ampullicystis Smith & Singer, 1955e: 

565 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan, 23 June 1953, 



Singer N 142(F) 

cerina var. brachycystis Smith & Singer, 1955e: 
569 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Micliigan: Pinckney, George 
Reserve, 21 July 1933, Smitli 33-606 (MICH) 
cerina var. bresadolae Smith & Singer, 1955e: 
568 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Washington: Mt. Rainier 
National Park, Green Lake, October 1952, 
Smith 40994 (MICH) 

cerina var. cerina f. bispora Smith & Singer, 
1955e:565 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan: near Whitemore 

Lake, June 1951, Smith 44136 (MICH) 

cerina var. contorticystis Smith & Singer, 1 955e: 

570 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan: Luce County, 
Tahquamenon Falls State Park, 17 August 

1953, Singer N 1326(F) 

cerina var. longicystis Smith & Singer, 1955e: 



567 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Washington: Mt. Rainier 
National Park, Carbon River, Smitli 40453 
(MICH) 

cerina var. luteovelata Smith & Singer, 1955e: 
566 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Washington: Olympic Na- 
tional Forest, Hoh River, 7 May 1939, Smith 
13191 (MICH) 

cerina var. luteovelata f. occidentalis Smith & 
Singer, 1964h:69 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Washington: Snoqualmie 
Pass, 26 September 1954, Smith 47903 
(MICH) 

cerina var. nebularum Smith & Singer, 1 964h: 
76 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, Mt. 
Uchumachi, 25 February 1956, Singer B 1471 
(MICH) 

cerina var. yungensis Smith & Singer, 1964h: 



78 



HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, near 
Catarata, San Juan, 24 January 1956, Singer 
B 624 (MICH) 
cingulata Singer, 1964h: 218 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, Car- 
men Pampa, February, Singer B 1536 (MICH) 
cinnamomea Smith & Singer, 19581: 473 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Oregon: Grants Pass, 10 

November 1956, Smith 55422 (MICH) 
Columbiana Singer, 1973d: 89 

HOLOTYPE: Colombia. Boyaca: Arcabuco, 29 

July 1960, Singer B 3608(F) 
conspicua Singer, 1969a: 318 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Rio Negro: Nahuel 

Huapf National Park, between Laguna Frias 

and Paso de las Nubes, 24 March 1963, Singer 

M3186(BAFC) 

coquimbensis Singer, 1969a: 310 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Coquimbo: Fray Jorge, 1 6 



April 1967, Singer M 6532 (SCO) 
decipiens Smitli & Singer, 1955e: 577 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Micliigan: Emmet County, 
Mackinaw City Hardwoods, 7 June 1953, 
Singer N 431 (F) 

decipiens var. separans Smitli & Singer, 1955e: 
579 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan: Emmet County, 

Wilderness Park, 29 July 1953, Smith 41739 

(MICH) 

dicranorum Smith & Singer, 19581: 474 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Maine: S of Sinclair, 27 Au- 
gust 1956, Bigelow4421 (MICH) 
dimorphocystis Smith & Singer, 1955e: 558 
HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan: Luce County, 
Tahquamenon Falls State Park, 1953, Smith 
41401 (MICH) 

dimorphocystis var. nexapensis Singer, 1964h: 
46 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Dto. Federal, near San Pe- 
dro de Nexapa, 21 July 1957, Singer M 1566 
(MICH) 



discernibilis Singer, 1973d: 90 

HOLOTYPE: Colombia. Vaiie: Caii, 15 Aprii 

1968, Singer B 6150(F) 

dominici Singer apud Dennis ex Singer, 1964li: 
125 

HOLOTYPE: Venezueia. MeYida: Sierra de San- 
to Domingo, Dennis 2506 (LIL) 
eiaeopliyiia Singer, 1969a: 312 

HOLOTYPE: Cliiie. Santiago: Ouebrada Diego, 

near Carmen, 6 Juiy 1 967, Singer M 71 1 5 

(SGO) 

emmetensis Smitli & Singer, 1955e: 580 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Micliigan: Emmet County, 
between Brutus and Peiiston, June- Juiy 1953, 
Singer N 83 (F, MICH) 

Index to Genera, Species, and Infraspecific Taxa 33 



[Begin Page: Page 34] 



GALERINA 



emmetensis var. intermedia Smitli & Singer, 

1955e:581 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Miclnigan: near Brutus, 6 

July 1953, Smitli 41515 (MICH) 

evelata var.fulvipes Smith & Singer, 1964h: 86 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Washington: near Longmi- 

re, 11 October 1954, Smith 48836 (MICH) 
fallax Smith & Singer, 1955e: 561 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Smith 16239 (MICH) 
fallax f. subfiliformis Smith & Singer, 1964h: 
85 

HOLOTYPE: Canada. Ouebec: Laurentide Park, 
near Mare du Sault, 2 September 1 956, Smith 
61758 (MICH) 
filiformis Smith & Singer, 19581: 474 

HOLOTYPE: USA. California: Trinidad, 10 De- 
cember 1956, Smith 56556 (MICH) 
fuegiana Singer, 1953a: 242 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tierra del Fuego: Rio 
Grande, Estancia Nueva Argentina, 17 Feb- 
ruary 1 950, Singer M 327 (LIL) 
funariae Smith & Singer, 1955e: 594 



HOLOTYPE: USA. Washington: Kalaloch, 

April, Smith 12063 (MICH) 
gamundiae Singer, 1964h: 194 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Villa La An- 
gostura, Pujals & Gamundi 366 (LIL). Dupli- 
cate material at BAFC. 
glacialis Singer, 1941e: 92 

Type information: USSR. Altai Mtns., August, 

Singer (LE?) 

hypnorum var. evelata Singer, 1946g: 146 

Type information: USA. New Hampshire: White 

Mtns., Mount Washington, August 1945, 

Singer WM-3 or WM-21 (FH). [Published in 

1948]. 

hypsizyga Singer, 1964h: 174 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Catamarca: Minas 

Capillitas, 1-3 March 1952, Singer T 1916 

(LIL) 

inconspicua Singer, 1954b: 139, 140 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Nahuel Hua- 



pi National Park, Quetriliue, 16 May 1952, 
Singer M 662 (LIL). Aiso pubiislied in Smitii 
& Singer, 1955e:592. 
inconspicua var. mixta Singer, 1969a: 319 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Rio Negro: Nalnuei 
Huapi National Park, near Santa Maria, 19 
April 1965, Singer M 5064 (BAFC) 
inconspicua var. sublevis Singer, 1 969a: 31 9 
HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Puerto Man- 

zano, 8 April 1963, Singer M 3324 (BAFC) 
infernalis Singer, 1964h: 268 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Infiernillo, 3 

January 1960, Singer B 3046 (LIL) 
jaapii Smith & Singer, 1955e: 574 

Type information: Germany. See Fungi Selecti 
Exsiccati 10, VIII, 1903 

karstenii Smith & Singer, 1964h: 319 

HOLOTYPE: Finland. 9 September 1865, Kar- 

sten (H) 

laeta Singer, 1964h: 185 



HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, Co- 

tapata, 28 January 1956, Singer B 626 

(MICH) 

larigna Singer, 1 941 e: 93 

Type information: USSR. Altai Mtns., July, 

Singers Vasilieva(LE?) 

latispora Smith & Singer, 1955e: 591 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Washington: Mt. Rainier 
National Park, Castle Peak, 20 September 
1952, Smith 40099 (MICH) 
latispora var. mexicana Singer, 1964h: 312 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Dto. Federal: Paso de 
Cortes, 21 July 1 957, Singer M 1 567 (MICH) 
leucobryicola Smith & Singer, 19581: 476 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan: Washtenaw 
County, Pinckney Recreation Area, 29 May 
1955, Smith 49533 (MICH) 
longinqua Smith & Singer, 19581: 477 

HOLOTYPE: Australia. Macquarie Island: N of 

Green Gorge, 29 March 1954, Bunt (LIL) 
luteolosperma Singer, 1955e: 570 



HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan: Trout Lake, 4 

October 1953, Smitli 43722 (MICH) 
macliangaraensis Singer, 1978li: 67 

HOLOTYPE: Ecuador. Picliinclia: near Quito, 
Rio Macliangara, 20 May 1973, Singer B 
7545 (F) 
macquariensis Smitli & Singer, 19581: 478 

HOLOTYPE: Australia. Macquarie Island, Bunt 

1950-51 (MICH) 

mainsii Smith & Singer, 1 9581 : 479 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Montana: Glacier National 
Park, Logan Pass, 20 August 1941, Mains 
6116 (MICH?) 
mainsii var. tetraspora Singer, 1974a: 382 

HOLOTYPE: Switzerland. Valais, along River 
Borgne de Ferpecle, 1 1 July 1 971 , Singer C 
5471 (F) 
majalis Singer, 1989a: 116 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Illinois: Cook County, 26 

May 1984, Singer N 4121 (F) 



marthae Singer, 1969a: 309 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Valdivia: Cordillera Pelada, 

7 May 1965, Singer M 5589 (BAFC) 
megalocystis Smith & Singer, 1955e: 588 

HOLOTYPE: USA. California: Trinidad, 30 No- 
vember 1935, Parks & Smith 3680 (MICH) 
meridionalis Singer & Clemenson, 1971b: 127 
HOLOTYPE: France. Alpes maritimes: 3 km 
west of Valouris, 15 December 1970, Singer 
C 5347 (F) 
mesites Smith & Singer, 1955e: 587 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan: Emmet County, 
Mackinaw City Hardwoods, October, Smith 
44054 (MICH) 

34 Chapter Three 



[Begin Page: Page 35] 



GALERINA 



minor Singer, 1953d: 125 



HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Rio Grande do Sul: Pareci, 

2 November 1 951 , Singer B 65 (LIL) 
mollis Smith & Singer, 1955e: 590 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Washington: Mt. Rainier 
National Park, Green Lake, 17 October 1952, 
Smith 41074 (MICH) 
montivaga Singer, 1969a: 306 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Taff del Val- 
le, 12 December 1958, Singer M 3161 (LIL) 
mycenoides f. mamillata Singer, 1950h: 480 
HOLOTYPE: USSR. Altai Mtns. (LE). No Latin 

diagnosis. 

nana f. bohemica Singer, 1950h: 467 

Type information: USSR. Altai Mtns. (LE). No 

Latin diagnosis. 

naucorioides Smith & Singer, 1955e: 584 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan: Marquette Coun- 
ty, Huron Mtns., September, Smith 33-995 
(MICH) 
nigripes Smith & Singer, 19581: 480 



HOLOTYPE: USA. Oregon: McLeod, near 

Grant's Pass, 15 November 1956, Smith 55691 

(MICH) 

nordmaniana Smith & Singer, 1958i: 480 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Idaho: Granite Creek, near 

Nordman, 9 October 1956, Smith 54260 

(MICH) 

nubigena Smith & Singer, 1964h: 60 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, Cer- 
ro Uchumachi, 25 February 1956, Singer B 
1469 (MICH) 
oligocalyptrata Singer, 1989a: 117 

HOLOTYPE: Colombia. Boyaca: Arcabuco, 28 

July 1960, Singer B 3571 (F) 
oreina Smith & Singer, 1955e: 593 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Washington: Mt. Rainier 
National Park, Snow Lake, Smith 40344 
(MICH) 

papillata Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 
382 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Cerro Alto 
del Taficillo, 4 March 1 951 , Singer T 1 375 



(LIL). [Published in 1952]. 
patagonica Singer, 1954b: 140, 141 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Naliuel Hua- 
pi, Gebiet, 1 6 May 1 952, Singer M 677 (LIL) 
payettensis Smith & Singer, 19581: 481 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Idaho: Payette Lakes, Lake 
Fork Creek, South Fork, 17 September 1956, 
Smith 53491 (MICH) 
peladae Singer, 1969a: 314 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Valdivia: Cordillera Pelada, 

6 May 1967, M. Singer [Singer no.] M 6735 

(SCO) 

perangmta Smith & Singer, 19581: 482 

HOLOTYPE: USA. California: Humboldt State 
Park, 30 November 1956, Smith 56007 
(MICH) 

perrara Singer, 1962d: 16 

HOLOTYPE: Antarctica. Peninsula, Costa de 
Danco, 17 February 1961, Corte 044 (lAA: 
Institute Antartico Argentine, no longer ex- 
ists) 
phlegmacoides Singer, 1969a: 313 



HOLOTYPE: Chile. Valdivia: Cordillera Pelada, 
Chi vena, 1 May 1 965, Singer M 571 1 
(BAFC) 

physospora Singer in Singer & Digilio, 1951e: 
381 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Taff del Val- 
le, Parque Aconquija, 1 July 1 949, Singer T 
597 (LIL). [Published in 1952]. 
polytrichorum Singer, 1964h: 194 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, Co- 

tapata, 28 January 1956, Singer B 619 

(MICH) 

praetervisa Singer, 1964h: 352 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Rincon, 18 

March 1963, Singer M 3064 (BAFC) 
proxima Singer, 1964h: 200 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tierra del Fuego, Feb- 
ruary, Singer M 187 (LIL) 

pseudocamerina var. pargoloviana Singer, 1964h: 

120 

Type information: USSR. Leningrad, 1937, 



Singer (LE). Syntype: MICH 
pseudocerina Smith & Singer, 1958i: 483 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Colorado: San Juan Mtns., 

Trout Lake, 1 4 August 1 956, Smith 521 82 

(MICH) 

pubescentipes Smith & Singer, 1964h: 320 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Idaho: Seven Devils' Mtns. 

12 September 1956, Smith 53374 (MICH) 
pucarensis Singer, 1969a: 305 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Pucard, 6 

November 1966, Singer M 6023 (BAFC) 
pulchra Smith & Singer, 1964h: 101 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Washington: Mt. Rainier 
National Park, near Green Lake, 19 October 
1952, Smith 41205 (MICH) 
quinteroensis Singer, 1969a: 316 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Valparaiso: Ouintero, 27 

June 1967, Singer M 7004 (SGO) 
radicellicola Singer, 1964h: 353 



HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuquen: Nahuel Hua- 
pf National Park, Puerto Blest, Los Cantaros, 
23 March 1963, Singer M 3154 (BAFC) 
riparia Singer, 1953a: 249 

Type information: Argentina. Tierra del Fuego 

(LIL). No type indicated. Type may be among 

Singer's collections M 314-315, M 240 and M 

352. 

rostrata Smith & Singer, 19581: 484 

HOLOTYPE: USA. California: Orick, Prairie 
Creek State Park, 5 December 1956, Smith 
56364 (MICH) 

Index to Genera, Species, and Infraspecific Taxa 35 



[Begin Page: Page 36] 

GALERINA 

sahleri var. sequelae Smith & Singer, 1964H: 65 
HOLOTYPE: USA. California: Orick, 3 Decem- 
ber 1935, Smith 3745 (MICH) 
saltensis Singer in Singer & Digilio, 195 le: 382 
HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Salta: Corralitos, 24 



March 1951, Singer T 1418 (LIL). [Published 

in 1952]. 

sanctixaverii Singer, 1973d: 91 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: San Javier, 

28 February 1962, Singer T 3776 (BAFC) 
semigiobata Singer, 1953d: 147 

HOLOTYPE: Brazii. Rio Grande do Sui: Taim- 

besinho, 5 November 1 951 , Singer B 1 00 

(LIL) 

sequelae Singer, 1 989a: 1 1 8 

HOLOTYPE: USA. California: Samuel Taylor 
Park, 6 February 1982, Mackler and others 
[Singer no.] N 5005 (F) 
simocyboides Singer, 1 969a: 31 1 

HOLOTYPE: Chile. Coquimbo: Fray Jorge, 16 

April 1967, Singer M 6529 (SCO) 
stylifera var. badia Smith & Singer, 19581: 486 
HOLOTYPE: USA. Idaho: Kaniksu National 
Forest, Granite Creek, 6 October 1956, Smith 
54112 (MICH) 

stylifera var. caespitosa Smith & Singer, 1964h: 
134 



HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan: Oakiand County, 
Haven Hiii, Higliiand Recreation Area, Octo- 
ber 1 951 , Smitli 41223 (MICH) 
styiifera var. veiosa Smitli & Singer, 19581: 487 
HOLOTYPE: USA. Idaho, 1954, Smith 47201 

(MICH) 

subarctica Smith & Singer, 1 964h: 54 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Alaska: near Anchorage, 9 

October 1 959, Wells 1 959 # 3 (MICH) 
subbadia Smith & Singer, 1955e: 572 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Oregon: Blue River, 16 Oc- 
tober 1937, Smith 7845 (MICH) 
subbullulifera Singer, 1953d: 137 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Rio Grande de Sul: Estacio 

Sao Salvador, 9 November 1 951 , Singer B 1 26 

(LIL) 

subceracea Smith & Singer, 1955e: 559 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan: Wilderness Park, 

7 October 1953, Smith 43847 (MICH) 
subcerina Smith & Singer, 19581: 485 



HOLOTYPE: USA. Maine: Aroostook County, 

near Guerette, 25 August 1956, Bigelow 4379 

(MICH) 

subglabripes Smith & Singer, 1955e: 589 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Wasliington: Mt. Rainier 
National Park, Carbon River, 2 October 1952, 
Smitli 40459 (MICH) 
subpapillata Singer & Dennis, 1964h: 221 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, Car- 
men Pampa, 17 February 1956, Singer B 1240 
(LIL) 

subtibiicystis Singer, 1953d: 146 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Rio Grande do Sul: Taim- 

besinho, 5 November 1 951 , Singer B 1 02 

(LIL) 

subtruncata Smith & Singer, 19581: 486 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Washington: Mt. Rainier 
National Park, St. Andrew's Creek, 24 Sep- 
tember 1952, Smith 40199 (MICH) 
taimbesinhoensis Singer, 1953d: 148 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Rio Grande do Sul: Taim- 
besinho, 5 November 1 951 , Singer B 1 01 



(LIL) 

tatrensis Singer, 1989a: 118 

HOLOTYPE: Czechoslovakia. Slovakia: Skal- 

nate Pleso, 5 September 1974, Singer C 5881 

(F) 

tliujina Smitli & Singer, 1955e: 595 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Miclnigan: Luce County, 

Taliquamenon Falls State Park, 1 1 September 

1953, Smith 42589 (MICH) 

triscopaf. longicystis Smith & Singer, 19581: 

489 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Idaho: Payette Lakes, 30 
August 1 954, Bigelow [Smith no.] 471 1 
(MICH) 

triscopa var. tetrascopa Smith & Singer, 1 964h: 

105 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan, Smith 42157 

(MICH) 

tsugae Smith & Singer, 1955e: 586 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan: Cheboygan Coun- 
ty, Mud Lake Bog, Smith 44070 (MICH) 
tundrae Smith & Singer, 1955e: 584 



HOLOTYPE: USA. Washington: Mt. Rainier 
National Park, below Gobler's Knob, 12 Oc- 
tober 1952, Smith 40858 (MICH) 
turfosa Smith & Singer, 1955e: 560 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan: Whitemore Lake, 

September 1 933, Smith 33-1 1 01 (MICH) 
uchumachiensis Singer, 1964h: 150 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, Cer- 
ro Uchumachi, 25 February 1956, Singer B 
1470 (MICH) 
velutipes Singer, 1964h: 284 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Misiones: Puerto Igua- 

zu, 12 April 1957, Singer M 932 (LIL) 
vexans Smith & Singer, 1955e: 583 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan, Pt. Aux Chenes 

and Wilderness Park, Smith 42824 (MICH) 
viatica Singer, 1964h:231 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, Car- 
men Pampa, 17 February 1956, Singer B 1247 
(LIL) 



victoriae Singer, 1954b: 140 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Neuque"n: Naliuel Hua- 
pi National Park, Isia Victoria, 17 May 1952, 
Singer M 710 (LIL) 

36 Cliapter Tliree 



[Begin Page: Page 37] 

GALERINA 

vinaceobrunnea Smitli & Singer, 1955e: 573 
HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan: Burt Lake, Mil- 
ler's Bog, 23 September 1949, Smith 34149 
(MICH) 

vittaeformis var. albescens Smith & Singer, 1964h: 
333 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Smith 40128 (MICH) 
vittaeformis f. bispora Smith & Singer, 1 964h: 
334 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Washington: Mt. Rainier 
National Park, 30 September 1952, Smith 
40340 (MICH) 



vittaeformis var. pachyspora Smith & Singer, 
1958i:488 

HOLOTYPE: Austraiia. Macquarie Isiand: West 

Point, 31 Marcin 1953, Bunt (LIL, MICH) 
vittaeformis var. subannuiata Singer, 1953a: 
246 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tierra dei Fuego: Rio 
Grande, Estancia Nueva Argentina, 22 Feb- 
ruary 1 950, Singer M 429 (LIL) 
yungicoia Singer, 1964li: 114 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, Co- 
roico, 5 February 1956, Singer B 932 (MICH) 

GALEROPSIS 

andina Singer, 1963c: 107 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Mendoza: San Carlos, 
Arroyo de Cruz de Piedras, 20 January 1941, 
Ruiz Leal 7287 (Ruiz Leal's herbarium). A du- 
plicate of the holotype in BAFC. 
andina var. gracilior Singer, 1963c: 107 



HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Mendoza: San Carlos, 
Laguna del Diamante, 20 January 1 941 , Ruiz 
Leal 7233 (Ruiz Leal's herbarium) 

GASTROBOLETUS 

fascifer Singer & Smith, 1964J: 310 

HOLOTYPE: Zimbabwe. Umtali District, 28 

May 1961, Chase 7549 (K) 
laricinus Singer & Both, 1 977b: 60 

HOLOTYPE: USA. New York: Olcott, 1 Octo- 
ber 1975, Both 1858 (BUF). Isotype: FH 

GERRONEMA Singer, 195 lb: 599 

Type species: Gerronema melanomphax Singer 

albogriseolum Singer, 1989a: 13 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas, Road Manaus- 
Caracaraf, km 125, 20 July 1978, Singer B 
11291 (INPA) 
alexandri Singer, 1961b: 51 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Michigan: Luce County, 
near Tahquamenon Falls, 23 June 1953, Sing- 
er N 127(F) 



alutaceum Singer, 1978b: 155 

HOLOTYPE: Switzerland. Singer C 51 1 6 (F). 

Isotype: LAU 

angustifolium Singer, 1959b: 379 

HOLOTYPE: USA. Florida: Dade County, Mi- 
ami, Brickell Hammock, 25 October 1942, 
Singer F 1285 (FH) 
bethlehemicum Singer, 1989a: 14 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Para: Belem, 10 June 1966, 

Singer B 4274 (BAFC) 
brunneum Singer, 1964e: 78 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, 23 

February 1956, Singer B 1399 (BAFC) 
bryogeton Singer, 1961b: 50 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, Ca- 

men Pampa, 1 February 1956, Singer B 811 

(LIL) 

calongei Singer, 1970a: 67 



HOLOTYPE: Colombia. Valle: Municipalidad 

Dagua, 14 April 1968, Singer B 6122 (F) 
candidum Singer, 1989a: 14 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas, Road Manaus- 
Caracarai, km 45, 10 August 1978, Singer B 
11372 (INPA) 
cheilocystidiatum Singer, 1970a: 68 

HOLOTYPE: Colombia. Valle: between Cisne- 
ros and Cordoba, 23 April 1968, Singer B 
6300 (F) 
collybiomorphum Singer, 1978b: 155 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: 30 km N of 
Manaus, 1 8 May 1 977, Singer B 9662 (INPA) 
costaricense Singer, 1989a: 15 

HOLOTYPE: Costa Rica. Heredia, above San 

Jose de la Montana, 29 June 1 981 , Singer B 

12520(F) 

cotapatae Singer, 1964e: 87 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, 2 

February 1956, Singer B 821 (BAFC) 
daguense Singer, 1989a: 15 



HOLOTYPE: Colombia. Valle: Com El Vergel, 

14 April 1960, Singer B 6123 (F) 
dennisii Singer, 1964e: 81 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, 9 

February 1956, Singer B 1056 (BAFC) 
depauperatum Singer, 1951b: 601 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Santa Rosa, 
Along Rio de las Pavas, 17 December 1950, 
Singer T 1067 (LIL) 
elasticum Singer, 195 lb: 599 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Anta Muer- 

ta, 1 9 December 1 949, Singer T 786 (LIL) 
elasticum ssp. amazonicum Singer, 1964e: 63 
HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. El Beni: Vaca Diez, 14 

March 1 956, Singer B 1 978 (BAFC) 
flammeum Singer, 1989a: 16 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas, Road Manaus- 
Caracarai, km 106, 4 April 1978, Singer B 
10916 (INPA) 



Index to Genera, Species, and Infraspecific Taxa 37 



[Begin Page: Page 38] 

GERRONEMA 

hypolepargum Singer, 1978li: 9 

HOLOTYPE: Ecuador. Tunguraliua: Rio Verde, 

28 Aprii 1973, Singer B 7162 (F) 
infundibuiiforme Singer, 1964e: 79 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Rio Grande do Sul: Gua- 
pore, Guajaramirim, 10 March 1956, Singer B 
1803 (BAFC) 
josserandii Singer, 1961b: 49 

HOLOTYPE: Netherlands. Terschelling, 16 July 

1955, Jansen s.n. (L) 
laccarioides Singer, 1989a: 16 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: Manaus, 12 

June 1977, Singer B 9936 (INPA) 
leptosarcum Singer, 1964e: 61 



HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. Ei Beni: Vaca Diez, 6 

Marcli 1956, Singer B 1602 (BAFC) 
majus Singer, 1964e: 64 

HOLOTYPE: Boiivia. Pando: Madre de Dios, 5 

Aprii 1956, Singer B 2495 (BAFC) 
marcliantiae Singer & Ciemencon, 1 97 lb: 1 1 9 
HOLOTYPE: Switzerland. Valais: near the 
Borgne de Ferpecle, 1 1 July 1 971 , Singer C 
5445 (F) 
mariae Singer, 1989a: 17 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: Manaus, 25 

April 1 978, Souza [Singer no.] B 1 0997 

(INPA) 

melanomphax Singer, 1951b: 602 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: near Los So- 

sas, 1 January 1951, Singer T 1094 (LIL) 
melleum Singer & Clemen9on, 1 971 b: 1 20 

HOLOTYPE: Switzerland. Valais: near the 
Borgne de Ferpecle, 1 1 July 1 971 , Singer C 
5453 (F) 
minutissimum Singer, 1969a: 52 



HOLOTYPE: Chile. Llanquihue: Puella, 22 

March 1959, Singer M 1998 (BAFC) 
moseri Singer, 1983a: 277 

HOLOTYPE: Austria. Vienna: Prater, 2 October 

1904, von Hohnel (FH) 
pantoxanthum Singer, 1989a: 17 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: 30 km N of 
Manaus, 25 May 1 977, Singer B 971 3 (INPA) 
schusteri Singer, 1972a: 178 

HOLOTYPE: Antarctica. Anvers Island, Norsel 
Point, February 1969, Schuster 69-3031 (BPI) 
subpallidum Singer, 1959b: 378 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Rio de los 

Sosas, 1 March 1956, Singer T 2248 (LIL) 
sucrense Singer, 1989a: 18 

HOLOTYPE: Venezuela. Sucre, 9 km N of road 
Rincon-Carupano-EI Palar, 6 July 1972, Du- 
mont and others VE 4018 (NY) 
theophili Singer, 1973d: 14 



HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Veracruz, 7 km S of Es- 
tacion Biologica de las Tuxtlas, 21 June 1969, 
Singer M 8121 (F) 

xantliodictyon Singer, 1964e: 65 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. El Beni: Vaca Diez, 7 

April 1956, Singer B 2546 (BAFC) 
yalae Singer, 1989a: 18 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Jujuy: Lagunas de 
Yala, 1 1 February 1 965, Singer T 401 1 (F) 

GLOEOCANTHARELLUS Singer, 1945c: 140 

Type species: Cantharellus purpurascens Hos- 
ier 

GLOIOCEPHALA 

allomorpha Singer, 1976a: 290 

HOLOTYPE: Colombia. Valle: Coir. El Vergel, 
Municip. Dagua, km 25 N of Dagua road, 28 
April 1968, Singer B 6451 (F) 
alvaradoi Singer, 1976a: 300 



HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Jujuy: Lagunas de 

Yala, 9 February 1 965, Singer T 3909 (F) 
anastomosans Singer, 1976a: 303 

HOLOTYPE: Ecuador. Napo: Sliusliufindi, 13 

May 1973, Singer B 7392(F) 
capillata Singer, 1976a: 285 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Cliiapas: between Finca 
Sospiro and El Pozo, 4 August 1969, Singer 
M 8979A (F) 
cinnamomea Singer, 1976a: 289 

HOLOTYPE: Mexico. Cliiapas: between Finca 
Sospiro and El Pozo, 4 August 1969, Singer 
M 8971 (F) 
confusa Singer, 1960f: 269, 278 

HOLOTYPE: Brazil. Rio de Janeiro: Angra dos 

Reis, 1 October 1952, Singer B 426 (F) 
culmicola Singer, 1989a: 66 

HOLOTYPE: Ecuador. Pastaza: near road Am- 
bato-Puyo, 24 July 1975, Dumont EC 1424 
(NY) 



inobasis Singer, 1960f: 263, 277 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. Pando: Madre de Dios, 

Santa Teresa, 21 July 1 956, Singer B 2296 

(LIL) 

lamellosa Singer, 1960f: 265, 278 

HOLOTYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: Nor-Yungas, Car- 
men Pampa, 26 February 1956, Singer B 
15285 (LIL) 
longicrinita Singer, 1976a: 286 

HOLOTYPE: Colombia. Valle: Call, Buenaven- 
tura, San Joaqufn, 22 April 1968, Singer B 
6282 (F) 
longifimbriata Singer, 1960f: 266, 278 

HOLOTYPE: Argentina. Tucuman: Sierra de 
San Javier, Ciudad Universitaria towards Es- 
tancia San Javier, 9 January 1960, Singer T 
3520 (LIL) 

38 Chapter Three
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